scholarly journals Methylphenidate-induced psychosis in a young antipsychotic-naïve female patient

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
Patryk Walichniewicz ◽  
Michał Lew-Starowicz
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Naive Patient ◽  
Behavioural Interventions ◽  
Off Label ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Somatic Condition ◽  
Intellectual Outcome ◽  
Drug Induced Psychosis

Methylphenidate (MPD) is commonly prescribed for patients with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Although used off-label, MPD forms part of complex and multifactorial treatment regimen for narcolepsy and hypersomnia, together with including behavioural interventions. The drug is sometimes also prescribed off-label to subjects with other mental illness or somatic condition to improve intellectual outcome, ease fatigue or enhance the ability to concentrate. Common side effects include headache, insomnia, decreased appetite and hypertension. Concurrently, clinicians should be aware of relatively rare but potentially threatening adverse effects including agitation and psychotic symptoms. Several case reports regarding MPD-induced psychosis have been published, but most of them regard children or teenagers (1) and much less is known about drug-induced psychosis in adults (2). In this article, we present a case report of MPD-induced psychosis in a 31-year-old, antipsychotic-naïve patient. Careful evaluation including clinical examination, medical and family history and possible early signs of psychosis is recommended each time before MPD treatment will be initiated.

Modafinil-induced psychosis in a patient with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

2020 ◽  
pp. 103985622093663
Author(s):  
Joshua Flavell
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Cognitive Enhancer ◽  
Off Label ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

Modafinil is a wakefulness-promoting agent that is known to be used off-label as a cognitive enhancer and for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).1 There are increasing case reports of Modafinil-induced psychosis; however, this is the first to report a patient with ADHD to develop psychosis from Modafinil use.

scholarly journals Herbal High: Substance-Induced Psychosis after Consumption of Seeds of the Hawaiian Baby Woodrose

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Esther Sobanski ◽  
Saskia Dalm ◽  
Luisa Sievers ◽  
Tim Külzer ◽  
Heinz Liesenfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Acid Amide ◽  
Ergot Alkaloids ◽  
Spontaneous Remission ◽  
Lysergic Acid ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Drug Induced Psychosis

Abstract. Seeds of the Hawaiian Baby Woodrose (HBWR, Argyreia nervosa) are known as “legal or herbal highs” and can be easily purchased online in Germany. They contain various ergot alkaloids, including lysergic acid amide (LSA), which is chemically related to lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). Pharmacological data are limited but suggest that LSA-concentration in HBWR seeds is highly variable, and that adverse psychiatric and somatic effects are not related to LSA-dosage. Anecdotal, mostly cross-sectional clinical case reports describe spontaneous remission of intoxication-related somatic and psychiatric symptoms as well as intoxication-related death. Treatment recommendations for LSA-induced psychiatric syndromes are not available. We report here on the clinical course and treatment of a drug-induced psychosis after consumption of HBWR seeds. The adolescent had consumed HBWR seeds once before without suffering any negative effects.

Treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children with CHD

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Alyson R. Pierick ◽  
Melodie Lynn ◽  
Courtney M. McCracken ◽  
Matthew E. Oster ◽  
Glen J. Iannucci
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
General Population ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Supraventricular Tachycardia ◽  
Medical Therapy ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Single Centre ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Introduction: The prevalence of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in the general population is common and is now diagnosed in 4%–12% of children. Children with CHD have been shown to be at increased risk for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Case reports have led to concern regarding the use of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder medications in children with underlying CHD. We hypothesised that medical therapy for patients with CHD and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder is safe. Methods: A single-centre, retrospective chart review was performed evaluating for adverse events in patients aged 4–21 years with CHD who received attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder therapy over a 5-year span. Inclusion criteria were a diagnosis of CHD and concomitant medical therapy with amphetamines, methylphenidate, or atomoxetine. Patients with trivial or spontaneously resolved CHD were excluded from analysis. Results: In 831 patients with CHD who received stimulants with a mean age of 12.9 years, there was only one adverse cardiovascular event identified. Using sensitivity analysis, our median follow-up time was 686 days and a prevalence rate of 0.21% of adverse events. This episode consisted of increased frequency of supraventricular tachycardia in a patient who had this condition prior to initiation of medical therapy; the condition improved with discontinuation of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder therapy. Conclusion: The incidence of significant adverse cardiovascular events in our population was similar to the prevalence of supraventricular tachycardia in the general population. Our single-centre experience demonstrated no increased risk in adverse events related to medical therapy for children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and underlying CHD. Further population-based studies are indicated to validate these findings.

scholarly journals Bittersweet: infective complications of drug-induced glycosuria in patients with diabetes mellitus on SGLT2-inhibitors: two case reports

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Bartolo ◽  
Victoria Hall ◽  
N. Deborah Friedman ◽  
Chloe Lanyon ◽  
Andrew Fuller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Sglt2 Inhibitor ◽  
Sglt2 Inhibitors ◽  
Urogenital Tract ◽  
Hypoglycemic Agents ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
First Case ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are novel hypoglycemic agents which reduce reabsorption of glucose at the renal proximal tubule, resulting in significant glycosuria and increased risk of genital mycotic infections (GMI). These infections are typically not severe as reported in large systematic reviews and meta-analyses of the medications. These reviews have also demonstrated significant cardiovascular benefits through other mechanisms of action, making them attractive options for the management of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We present two cases with underlying abnormalities of the urogenital tract in which the GMI were complicated and necessitated cessation of the SGLT2 inhibitor. Case presentations Both cases are patients with T2DM on empagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor. The first case is a 64 year old man with Candida albicans balanitis and candidemia who was found to have an obstructing renal calculus and prostatic abscess requiring operative management. The second case describes a 72 year old man with Candida glabrata candidemia who was found to have prostatomegaly, balanitis xerotica obliterans with significant urethral stricture and bladder diverticulae. His treatment was more complex due to fluconazole resistance and concerns about urinary tract penetration of other antifungals. Both patients recovered following prolonged courses of antifungal therapy and in both cases the SGLT2 inhibitor was ceased. Conclusions Despite their cardiovascular benefits, SGLT2 inhibitors can be associated with complicated fungal infections including candidemia and patients with anatomical abnormalities of the urogenital tract may be more susceptible to these infections as demonstrated in these cases. Clinicians should be aware of their mechanism of action and associated risk of infection and prior to prescription, assessment of urogenital anatomical abnormalities should be performed to identify patients who may be at risk of complicated infection.

scholarly journals The toxic effects of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine on skeletal muscle: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Cristina Biguetti ◽  
Joel Ferreira Santiago Junior ◽  
Matthew William Fiedler ◽  
Mauro Toledo Marrelli ◽  
Marco Brotto
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative

AbstractThe aim of this systematic review was to perform qualitative and quantitative analysis on the toxic effects of chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) on skeletal muscles. We designed the study according to PRISMA guidelines. Studies for qualitative and quantitative analyses were selected according to the following inclusion criteria: English language; size of sample (> 5 patients), adult (> age of 18) patients, treated with CQ/HCQ for inflammatory diseases, and presenting and not presenting with toxic effects on skeletal muscles. We collected data published from 1990 to April 2020 using PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and SciELO. Risk of bias for observational studies was assessed regarding the ROBIN-I scale. Studies with less than five patients (case reports) were selected for an additional qualitative analysis. We used the software Comprehensive Meta-Analysis at the confidence level of 0.05. We identified 23 studies for qualitative analysis (17 case-reports), and five studies were eligible for quantitative analysis. From case reports, 21 patients presented muscle weakness and confirmatory biopsy for CQ/HCQ induced myopathy. From observational studies, 37 patients out of 1,367 patients from five studies presented muscle weakness related to the use of CQ/HCQ, and 252 patients presented elevated levels of muscle enzymes (aldolase, creatine phosphokinase, and lactate dehydrogenase). Four studies presented data on 34 patients with confirmatory biopsy for drug-induced myopathy. No study presented randomized samples. The chronic use of CQ/HCQ may be a risk for drug-induced myopathy. There is substantiated need for proper randomized trials and controlled prospective studies needed to assess the clinical and subclinical stages of CQ/HCQ -induced muscle myopathy.

Drug-Induced Restless Legs Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 662-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edna Patatanian ◽  
Melanie K. Claborn
Keyword(s):  
Restless Legs Syndrome ◽  
English Language ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Restless Legs ◽  
Drug Classes ◽  
Study Selection

Objective: To review the literature on drug-induced restless legs syndrome (DI-RLS). Data Sources: The review included a search for English-language literature from 1966 to December 2017 in the MEDLINE, PubMed, and Ovid databases using the following search terms: restless legs syndrome (RLS), periodic limb movement, adverse effects, and drug-induced. In addition, background articles on the pathophysiology, etiology, and epidemiology of RLS were retrieved. Bibliographies of relevant articles were reviewed for additional citations. Study Selection and Data Extraction: All case reports, case series, and review articles of DI-RLS were identified and analyzed. There were only a small number of controlled clinical trials, and most data were from case reports and case series. Results: Several drugs and drug classes have been implicated in DI-RLS, with antidepressants, antipsychotics, and antiepileptics having the most evidence. In addition, RLS may be linked with a number of disorders or underlying predisposing factors as well. Conclusions: The prevalence of RLS is variable and ranges from 3% to 19% in the general population. There are many predisposing factors to RLS, but an emerging body of evidence suggests that there is an association between numerous drugs and RLS.

Antipsychotic drug-induced acute laryngeal dystonia: two case reports and a mini review

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos Christodoulou ◽  
Chryssanthi Kalaitzi
Keyword(s):  
Antipsychotic Drug ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Laryngeal Dystonia

Drug-induced psychosis

Reactions ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-12
Keyword(s):  
Drug Induced ◽  
Drug Induced Psychosis

scholarly journals Re: Drug-Induced Psychosis with Levetiracetam

2005 ◽  
Vol 50 (14) ◽  
pp. 948-948
Author(s):  
Marco Mula ◽  
Michael R Trimble
Keyword(s):  
Drug Induced ◽  
Drug Induced Psychosis
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document