SOCIAL- PSYCHOLOGICAL PORTRAIT OF A TERRORIST: HISTORICAL PARALLELS

A social-psychological and historical context for understanding contemporary sex roles, fertility, parenting, and the family is provided by reviewing origins and objectives of the Women's Movement. Feminist efforts to change social structures affecting women's choice of roles and fertility require continued attention. Increased voluntary childlessness seriously challenges the concept of motherhood as central to adult feminine identity and legitimization of choice in whether or not to become a parent provides a new context for studying women, sex roles, fertility, and their complex relationships to the social structure. Continued challenges to premises, methodologies, and conclusions of such research are urged.

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Recent Credit Surge in Historical Context

Journal of International Commerce Economics and Policy ◽

10.1142/s179399331750003x ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 08 (01) ◽

pp. 1750003 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Franziska Ohnsorge ◽

Shu Yu

Keyword(s):

Financial Crisis ◽

Private Sector ◽

Global Financial Crisis ◽

Developing Economies ◽

Historical Context ◽

Distinctive Features ◽

Credit Booms ◽

Early Warning Indicators ◽

The Global Financial Crisis ◽

Warning Indicators

Benign financing conditions since the global financial crisis and, more recently, rising financing needs have fueled a rapid increase in credit to the nonfinancial private sector, especially to the corporate sector in emerging markets and developing economies (EMDEs). In this paper, we first compare post-crisis credit booms with pre-crisis episodes of credit booms and document some distinctive features of post-crisis credit booms. We find that, credit booms in commodity-importing EMDEs in the immediate wake of the global financial crisis have subsided since 2012 but have left a legacy of credit to the nonfinancial private sector that has been considerably higher than in previous credit booms. In contrast, since 2014, credit growth in several commodity-exporting EMDEs has been near the pace observed in past credit booms. We then benchmark current credit-to-gross domestic product (GDP) ratios against thresholds identified in the literature as early warning indicators. Most EMDEs are still some distance away from those thresholds. However, since recent credit booms have not been accompanied by investment surges/booms, GDP growth may contract more when credit booms unwind.

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The Role of the Domestic Sphere in the Islamisation of the Mongols

Islamisation ◽

10.3366/edinburgh/9781474417129.003.0018 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 353-376

Author(s):

Bruno De Nicola

Keyword(s):

Middle East ◽

Historical Context ◽

Ninth Century ◽

Fifth Century ◽

Power Relationship ◽

Domestic Sphere ◽

Distinctive Features ◽

Christian Communities ◽

Native Populations

The Islamisation of the Mongols in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries exhibits some distinctive features compared with the adoption of Islam by other groups. Unlike the cases of the Christian communities of the Middle East during the initial Islamic conquest or the Zoroastrians of Iran, in which the native populations adopted the religion of their conquerors, for the Mongols in the Middle East and Central Asia, conversion followed the opposite trajectory: the conquerors adopted Islam from the native peoples.2 Thus the historical context within which the Mongols (or rather, some Mongols) adopted Islam was more akin to the Germanic peoples who adopted Christianity in the fifth century, or to the Hungarians in the ninth century, rather than to most populations that historically adopted Islam. This difference represents a shift in the power relationship between the converter and the convert that needs to be taken into account when approaching the Islamisation of the Mongols.

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A.B. MITFORD AS A CULTURAL DIPLOMAT AND THE IMAGE OF JAPAN IN VICTORIAN ENGLAND

10.26686/wgtn.12986042.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Anna Gubinskaya

Keyword(s):

Soft Power ◽

Cultural Diplomacy ◽

Historical Context ◽

Victorian England ◽

Important Lesson ◽

Distinctive Features ◽

History Of ◽

In The Beginning ◽

Xix Century ◽

English Culture

In this article, I study the writings of a Victorian time British diplomat Algernon Bertram Mitford (1837-1916) and his book Tales of Old Japan (1871) through the lens of cultural diplomacy. Contemplating his accomplishments with the use of a modern notion of cultural diplomacy as a facet of soft power, I give the overview of Mitford‘s biography, historical context for the publication of his book, its distinctive features within the corpus of the XIX century Japan-related writings (including travelogues, journal and newspaper articles, and pseudo-anthropological re-searches) and its place in the process of formation of the image of Japan in Victorian England. In the last part of the article, I discuss the idea of orientalism vs. exoticism and ‗diplomatic forgery‘ as formulated by U. Eco and their applicability to Mitford‘s writing. As a complex notion, cultur-al diplomacy may be seen in different ways by the cultural am-bassador himself, and the scho-lars, analysing his contribution in retrospective. Not a single article re-searches the success of Mitford as cultural ambassador acting on behalf of English culture in Japan. However, by the same token, not a single research on the image of Japan in the Victorian mind can overlook his significance. It might be an important lesson for the descendants not to overestimate the borders of one‘s influence and always to keep the window of possibilities open for what‘s coming next, being careful about one‘s own words, for as in the beginning was a Word, one‘s word might as well stay in the history of humankind and be used against author‘s convictions.

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A.B. MITFORD AS A CULTURAL DIPLOMAT AND THE IMAGE OF JAPAN IN VICTORIAN ENGLAND

10.26686/wgtn.12986042 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Anna Gubinskaya

Keyword(s):

Soft Power ◽

Cultural Diplomacy ◽

Historical Context ◽

Victorian England ◽

Important Lesson ◽

Distinctive Features ◽

History Of ◽

In The Beginning ◽

Xix Century ◽

English Culture

In this article, I study the writings of a Victorian time British diplomat Algernon Bertram Mitford (1837-1916) and his book Tales of Old Japan (1871) through the lens of cultural diplomacy. Contemplating his accomplishments with the use of a modern notion of cultural diplomacy as a facet of soft power, I give the overview of Mitford‘s biography, historical context for the publication of his book, its distinctive features within the corpus of the XIX century Japan-related writings (including travelogues, journal and newspaper articles, and pseudo-anthropological re-searches) and its place in the process of formation of the image of Japan in Victorian England. In the last part of the article, I discuss the idea of orientalism vs. exoticism and ‗diplomatic forgery‘ as formulated by U. Eco and their applicability to Mitford‘s writing. As a complex notion, cultur-al diplomacy may be seen in different ways by the cultural am-bassador himself, and the scho-lars, analysing his contribution in retrospective. Not a single article re-searches the success of Mitford as cultural ambassador acting on behalf of English culture in Japan. However, by the same token, not a single research on the image of Japan in the Victorian mind can overlook his significance. It might be an important lesson for the descendants not to overestimate the borders of one‘s influence and always to keep the window of possibilities open for what‘s coming next, being careful about one‘s own words, for as in the beginning was a Word, one‘s word might as well stay in the history of humankind and be used against author‘s convictions.

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Qumran as Scroll Storehouse in Times of Crisis? A Comparative Perspective on Judaean Desert Manuscript Collections

Journal for the Study of Judaism ◽

10.1163/15700631-12341239 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 43 (4-5) ◽

pp. 551-594 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Mladen Popović

Keyword(s):

Historical Context ◽

Dead Sea Scrolls ◽

Dead Sea ◽

Literary Texts ◽

Comparative Approach ◽

Distinctive Features ◽

Jewish Society ◽

Textual Community ◽

Manuscript Collections ◽

Jewish Intellectuals

Abstract This article takes a material and comparative approach to the Qumran collection. Distinctive features set the Qumran manuscripts apart from other Judaean Desert collections, suggesting a scholarly, school-like collection of predominantly literary texts. The few literary texts from other Judaean Desert sites reflect the valuable copies owned by wealthy individuals or families and are illustrative of the spread of these texts within various strata of ancient Jewish society. The historical context of most manuscript depositions in the Judaean Desert is characterized by violence and conflict, and such a context probably also typified the deposition of the Qumran manuscripts. In contrast to at least some of the other Judaean Desert sites where refugees hid with their manuscripts, the deposition evidence at Qumran may suggest an anticipation of such violence. The movement behind the Dead Sea Scrolls can be characterized as a textual community, reflecting a milieu of Jewish intellectuals who were engaged on various levels with their ancestral traditions. The collection of texts attracted people and shaped their thinking, while at the same time people shaped the collection, producing and gathering more texts. In this sense, the site of Qumran and its surrounding caves functioned like a storehouse for scrolls.

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The relationship between maghāzī and ḥadīth in early Islamic scholarship

Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies ◽

10.1017/s0041977x11000012 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 74 (2) ◽

pp. 171-185 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Andreas Görke

Keyword(s):

Historical Context ◽

The Other ◽

Distinctive Features ◽

Islamic Studies ◽

The Relationship ◽

Early Islamic

AbstractThe relationship between the traditional biographical material on Muḥammad (maghāzī- or sīra-material) and the narrations of his words and deeds (ḥadīth-material) has long been debated in Islamic studies. While some scholars have argued that the biographical material is fundamentally ḥadīth material arranged chronologically, others have argued the opposite: that ḥadīth material originally consists of narrative reports about the life of Muḥammad which were later deprived of their historical context to produce normative texts. This article argues that both views are untenable and that maghāzī and ḥadīth emerged as separate fields; each influenced the other but they preserved their distinctive features. While traditions that originated and were shaped in one field were sometimes transferred to the other, the transfer of traditions from one field to the other apparently did not as a rule involve any deliberate changes to the text.

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Looking at the gap between social psychological and psychodynamic perspectives on group dynamics historically

Journal of Organizational Change Management ◽

10.1108/jocm-08-2012-0121 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 232-245 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Sandra G.L. Schruijer ◽

Petru L. Curseu

Keyword(s):

Social Psychology ◽

Group Dynamics ◽

Historical Context ◽

Real Life ◽

Psychological Research ◽

Social Psychological ◽

Organization Studies ◽

Content Type ◽

Wilfred Bion ◽

The Social

Purpose – The paper aims to describe and understand the gap between the psychodynamic literature on groups and the social psychological perspective on group dynamics. Design/methodology/approach – As Wilfred Bion is the most influential group dynamics representative of the psychodynamic tradition the authors performed a citation analysis of Bion's work to find out whether it influenced the social psychological research on group dynamics. They compared three domains of literature: therapy/clinical, management/organization studies and social psychology. Moreover, they depict (by drawing on interviews with European pioneers in social psychology) the historical context in which European social psychology developed to explain the gap between the psychodynamic and social psychological approaches in the study of group dynamics. Findings – The results clearly indicate the existence of a gap between the social psychological and psychodynamic perspectives on group dynamics. Moreover, the authors show that Bion did influence scholars studying or working with real-life groups and is cited more by American than European scholars. The attempt to build a legitimate scientific identity for social psychology provides a context for understanding of the neglect of the psychodynamic tradition. Research limitations/implications – The authors conclude by exploring ways in which the psychodynamic tradition may fertilize the social psychological tradition in studying groups. Originality/value – The paper is one of the first to address the discrepancy between the social psychological and psychodynamic perspectives in the study of group dynamics.

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Integrating Experimental and Social Constructivist Social Psychology: Some of Us Are Already Doing It

Personality and Social Psychology Review ◽

10.1207/s15327957pspr0603_4 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 194-198 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Felicia Pratto

Keyword(s):

Social Psychology ◽

Experimental Social Psychology ◽

Historical Context ◽

Experimental Methods ◽

Social Constructivist ◽

Social Psychological ◽

Contemporary Research ◽

Psychological Theories ◽

Do So

I concur with Jost and Kruglanski (this issue) that the rift between social constructivist and experimental social psychology is bigger than it need be. I do so by showing that many social-psychological theories predict why we have the rift that we do. I use this method to point out that self-reflexivity is possible and desirable. This is especially the case when we try to consider how our own political and historical context influences our work. I give examples from my teaching of social psychology, and of contemporary research that has been informed by both social constructivist criticisms and by knowledge of experimental methods.

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