Identification of some Pathogenic Organisms Involved in Rotting of the Libyan Tirmania Truffles

2021 ◽  
pp. 109-116
Author(s):  
Mohammed Ahmed Emhmed
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Bacillus Pumilus ◽  
Fruit Body ◽  
Microbial Flora ◽  
Saprophytic Fungi ◽  
Desert Truffle ◽  
Libyan Desert ◽  
Desert Truffles

Truffles are ectomycorrhizal fungi that grow symbiotically with several trees. Truffles are highly valued edible mycorrhizae fungi in economic and gastronomic terms. Desert truffles have been traditionally used as food in Libya. The rotting of truffle due to environmental factors is very common in Libya. The mechanism of truffle rot is complex and attributed mainly due to the infection with fungi, followed by bacteria. In order to document and highlight the rotting of Libyan Desert truffle phenomenon, the existence of microorganisms in the infected fruit body of Tirmania truffles has been investigated. The investigations showed changes in physical characteristics such as color, hardness, and humidity of the studied truffle samples. Also, the results showed a diversity of pathogens involved in the deterioration of truffle includes bacteria (Bacillus pumilus, Citrobacteryoungea), saprophytic fungi (Fusarium solani, Alternariachlamydosporia, and Rhizopusstolonifer). This study concluded the importance of studying microbial flora living in truffle and their environment. Keywords: Libyan Desert truffle; Tirmania; Rotting; Pathogens

scholarly journals Characterization of natural habitats and diversity of Libyan desert truffles

3 Biotech ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mozidi Bouzadi ◽  
Tine Grebenc ◽  
Ossi Turunen ◽  
Hojka Kraigher ◽  
Hassan Taib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Libyan Desert ◽  
Desert Truffles

Growth and Inhibition of Microorganisms in the Presence of Sorbic Acid: A Review

1985 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 364-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL B. LIEWEN ◽  
ELMER H. MARTH
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Water Activity ◽  
Sorbic Acid ◽  
Microbial Flora ◽  
Effective Inhibitor ◽  
Food Spoilage ◽  
Food Components ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Activity Temperature ◽  
Antimicrobial Effectiveness

Sorbate (sorbic acid) generally is an effective inhibitor of most molds and yeasts and some bacteria. Environmental factors such as pH, water activity, temperature, atmosphere, microbial load, microbial flora and certain food components can influence the effectiveness of sorbate. Strains of microorganisms resistant to sorbate exist and therefore are common causes of food spoilage. Some molds and bacteria are able to degrade sorbate. This paper reviews the factors that affect the antimicrobial effectiveness of sorbate in foods.

scholarly journals Molecular Docking Evaluation of the Desert Truffles as Potent Antifungal Inhibitors

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-48
Author(s):  
Ghassab M. Al-Mazaideh ◽  
Farhan K. Al-Swailmi ◽  
Mujeeb Ur Rehman Parrey
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Binding Energy ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Fungal Protein ◽  
Desert Truffle ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Anti Fungal ◽  
Negative Binding Energy ◽  
Desert Truffles

The research investigated the possible antifungal behavior of forty-four truffles bioactive compounds conducted to investigate the interaction modes of these inhibitors against three different types of the fungal proteins: Candida albicans, Blastomyces dermatitidis, and Ganoderma microsporum. The applied method in contrast to ketoconazole and griseofulvin revealed the possible anti-fungal agents ergosterol, Catechin gallate and rutin. With respect to Candida Albicans, the maximum possible binding energy was ergosterol (-11.75 Kcal/mol), followed then by catechin gallate (-11.46 Kcal/mol) then rutin (-9.90 Kcal/mol). Compared to Blastomyces, Ganoderma microsporum fungal protein with most negative binding energy among other components of the truffle is found to be of a relatively similar behavior for the same compounds. Ergosterol demonstrated the highest binding capacity for dermatitidis, while rutin scored the lowest against Ganoderma microsporum. The possible anti-fungal components of desert truffle have yet to be studied in vitro in the future.

Reductionist thinking and animal models in neuropsychiatric research

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole M. Baran
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Disorders ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Developmental Genetic ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Mechanisms Of Plasticity

AbstractReductionist thinking in neuroscience is manifest in the widespread use of animal models of neuropsychiatric disorders. Broader investigations of diverse behaviors in non-model organisms and longer-term study of the mechanisms of plasticity will yield fundamental insights into the neurobiological, developmental, genetic, and environmental factors contributing to the “massively multifactorial system networks” which go awry in mental disorders.

The dual nature of obesity in metabolic programming: quantity versus quality of adipose tissue

2020 ◽  
Vol 134 (18) ◽  
pp. 2447-2451
Author(s):  
Anissa Viveiros ◽  
Gavin Y. Oudit
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Metabolic Programming ◽  
Dual Nature ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Adipose Tissue Volume ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Metabolically Healthy

Abstract The global prevalence of obesity has been rising at an alarming rate, accompanied by an increase in both childhood and maternal obesity. The concept of metabolic programming is highly topical, and in this context, describes a predisposition of offspring of obese mothers to the development of obesity independent of environmental factors. Research published in this issue of Clinical Science conducted by Litzenburger and colleagues (Clin. Sci. (Lond.) (2020) 134, 921–939) have identified sex-dependent differences in metabolic programming and identify putative signaling pathways involved in the differential phenotype of adipose tissue between males and females. Delineating the distinction between metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity is a topic of emerging interest, and the precise nature of adipocytes are key to pathogenesis, independent of adipose tissue volume.

Shared Responsibilities for Full Participation in Society: Planning Further Integration of the ICF Into AAC

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 83-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Blake Huer ◽  
Travis T. Threats
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Community Support ◽  
World Health ◽  
International Classification Of Functioning ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Social Service Agencies ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Full Participation

The World Health Organization's (WHO's) 2001 International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health (ICF) has as one of its central tenets the full inclusion of persons with disabilities in society. It acknowledges the need for medical and rehabilitation intervention in its biopscychosocial framework. However, the WHO realizes that society must do its part to facilitate this full participation and empowerment. Persons with complex communication needs (PWCCN) often need augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) in order to express themselves. However, in order to access and successfully use AAC, PWCCN need access to the necessary AAC devices and services, as well as a willing society to interact with them as full contributing members of society. The factors outside of a person's specific physical and/or cognitive functional limitations are addressed in the ICF via the Personal and Environmental Factors. Personal Factors include the individual's personality traits, lifestyle, experiences, social/educational/professional background, race, gender, and age. Environmental Factors include community support systems, social service agencies, governments, social networks, and those persons that interact with the PWCCN. This article addresses the sociopolitical influences on PWCCN and their functioning from a human rights perspective. The necessary introspective role of speech-language pathologists in this process is explored.

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