scholarly journals Markov Matrix and Entropy based Tamper Detection Technique for Text Images

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balkar Singh ◽  
◽  
M. K. Sharma ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tamper Detection ◽  
Detection Technique ◽  
Lookup Table ◽  
Receiver Side ◽  
Markov Matrix ◽  
Text Images ◽  
State Of Art ◽  
Art Techniques

In this paper, a novel watermarking technique for the tamper detection of text images is pro- posed. Entropy of every sentence is computed and Markov matrix using the occurrences of the characters is used to generate a character pattern. Entropy and character patterns are converted to Unicode Zero Width Characters (ZWCs) by using a lookup table. The ZWCs of entropy of each sentence is embedded at the end of every sentence after terminator. ZWCs of the character patterns are embedded in the end of the text of the image. On receiver side, ZWCs are extracted and converted to numerical form using the same lookup table. Entropy of every sentence and character patterns are recalculated and compared with extracted values for tamper detection. Comparison of technique with existing state-of-art techniques shows the effectiveness of the proposed technique.

scholarly journals Strategy for Foreground Movement Identification Adaptive to Background Variations

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 4258
Author(s):  
K. Anuradha ◽  
N.R. Raajan
Keyword(s):  
Video Processing ◽  
Video Sequences ◽  
Surveillance Video ◽  
Dynamic Background ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Frame Difference ◽  
F Measure ◽  
State Of Art ◽  
Art Techniques

<p>Video processing has gained a lot of significance because of its applications in various areas of research. This includes monitoring movements in public places for surveillance. Video sequences from various standard datasets such as I2R, CAVIAR and UCSD are often referred for video processing applications and research. Identification of actors as well as the movements in video sequences should be accomplished with the static and dynamic background. The significance of research in video processing lies in identifying the foreground movement of actors and objects in video sequences. Foreground identification can be done with a static or dynamic background. This type of identification becomes complex while detecting the movements in video sequences with a dynamic background. For identification of foreground movement in video sequences with dynamic background, two algorithms are proposed in this article. The algorithms are termed as Frame Difference between Neighboring Frames using Hue, Saturation and Value (FDNF-HSV) and Frame Difference between Neighboring Frames using Greyscale (FDNF-G). With regard to F-measure, recall and precision, the proposed algorithms are evaluated with state-of-art techniques. Results of evaluation show that, the proposed algorithms have shown enhanced performance.</p>

Modified Single Photo-diode (MSPD) Detection Technique for SAC-OCDMA System

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah G. Abdulqader ◽  
Hilal A. Fadhil ◽  
S. A. Aljunid
Keyword(s):  
Bit Error Rate ◽  
Error Rate ◽  
Detection Technique ◽  
Intensity Noise ◽  
Receiver Side ◽  
Pass Filter ◽  
Low Pass Filter ◽  
Photo Diode ◽  
Transmission Distance ◽  
Low Pass

AbstractIn this paper, a new detection technique called modified single photo-diode (MSPD) detection for SAC-OCDMA system is proposed. The proposed system based on the single photo-diode (SPD) detection technique. The new detection technique is proposed to overcome the limitation of phase-induced intensity noise (PIIN) in SPD detection technique. However, the proposed detection is based on an optical hard limiter (OHL) followed by a SPD and a low-pass filter (LPF) in order to suppress the phase intensity noise (PIIN) at the receiver side. The results show that the MSPD detection based on OHL has a good performance even when the transmission distance is long, which is different from the case of SPD detection technique. Therefore, the MSPD detection technique is shown to be effective to improve the bit error rate (BER<10

State-of-Art Techniques for Object Caching over the Internet

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keqiu Li ◽  
Takashi Nanya ◽  
Bo Jiang ◽  
Wenyu Qu
Keyword(s):  
The Internet ◽  
State Of Art ◽  
Art Techniques

State of Art Techniques in En-Route Caching

2010 ◽  
Vol 121-122 ◽  
pp. 1018-1022
Author(s):  
Bo Wang ◽  
Jian Yun
Keyword(s):  
Computer Technology ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
Distributed Information System ◽  
Distributed Information ◽  
Shared Data ◽  
The World ◽  
Route Caching ◽  
Data Objects ◽  
State Of Art ◽  
Art Techniques

The World Wide Web has been considered as a large distributed information system based development and use of computer technology that both provide access to shared data objects. En-Cache techniques are important for reducing Internet access latency, network traffic, and server load in different networks. In this paper, we survey the state-of-art techniques used in En-route Caching and discuss the recent development.

Measuring Telomere Length: A Timeline Review on the State-of-Art Techniques

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Delmonico ◽  
Rafaele Tavares Silvestre ◽  
Mariana Chantre-Justino ◽  
Kevelyn Andrade Dormund ◽  
Gabriel Brito Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Telomere Length ◽  
The State ◽  
State Of Art ◽  
Art Techniques
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