scholarly journals Performance Of Partially Replaced Plastic Bottles (Pet) As Coarse Aggregate In Producing Green Concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Rashedul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Recycled Pet ◽  
Pet Waste ◽  
Green Concrete ◽  
Poly Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Water Curing ◽  
Poly Ethylene

Disposal of plastic bottles made from Poly-Ethylene Terephthalate (PET) is a worldwide problem. Green concrete, made with one or more recycled items, is also a trendy concept in the sustainable construction sector. The current study is to investigate the possibility of using recycled PET waste bottles as a partial replacement of natural coarse aggregate in green concrete to get marginal effective compressive strength and workability. Two different sizes of PET fiber such as 10mm*10mm and 19mm*19mm are used. Four different replacement percentages such as 0% (control), 1%, 5%, and 10% of coarse aggregate are adopted with a fixed water-cement ratio of 0.42. A total of 42 cylindrical specimens are prepared and conventional water curing is done for 7 days and 28 days. Compressive strength for control specimen (0%) after 7 days and 28 days curing is found as 39.96 MPa and 53.42 MPa respectively. On the other hand, the compressive strength of specimens with 10mm*10mm plastic fiber is found to be 22.40 MPa, 16.14 MPa & 11.83 MPa after 7 days curing and 38.48 MPa, 25.81 MPa & 20.08 MPa after 28 days of curing for 1%, 5%, and 10% replacement of coarse aggregate respectively. For 19mm*19mm plastic fibers, these values are 21.22 MPa, 7.99 MPa & 4.29 MPa after 7 days of curing and 35.82 MPa, 11.36 MPa & 7.03 MPa after 28 days of curing for the same percentages. The findings of the study may serve as a guideline for deciding the replacement percentage and fiber size for preparing PET-based green concrete.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Epoxy Mortars Made with Polyethylene and Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) Waste

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2203
Author(s):  
Bernardeta Dębska ◽  
Guilherme Jorge Brigolini Silva
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Polymer Binder ◽  
Pet Waste ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Poly Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Poly Ethylene

The article describes the results of a study to determine the simultaneous effect of polyethylene terephthalate waste (PET) and polyethylene (PE) on the strength characteristics and bulk density of epoxy mortars. In these mortars, 9 wt.% of the polymer binder was replaced by glycolysate which was made from PET waste and propylene glycol. Additionally, 0–10 vol.% of the aggregate was substituted with PE agglomerate made from plastic bags waste, respectively. The modification of the composition of epoxy mortar has a special environmental and economic aspect. It also allows to protect natural sources of the aggregate, while reducing the amount of waste and reducing problems arising from the need to store them. The resulting composite has very good strength properties. With the substitution of 9 wt.% of resin and 5 vol.% of sand, a flexural strength of 35.7 MPa and a compressive strength of 101.1 MPa was obtained. The results of the microstructure study of the obtained mortars constitute a significant part of the paper.

scholarly journals Influence of Tire Chip Size on The Behavior of Rubberized Concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
Md Roknuzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Strength Loss ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Rubberized Concrete ◽  
Lower Strength ◽  
Tire Chips ◽  
Chip Size ◽  
Water Curing

Performance of plain concrete with partial replacement of coarse aggregate by rubber chips derived from the waste tire is taken into consideration and an attempt is made to investigate the influence of rubber size on strength, workability, and durability. Four different size ranges of tire chips such as 4.75-9.5 mm, 9.5-12.5 mm, 12.5-19 mm, and 19-25 mm are used to replace stone aggregates of corresponding sizes. A 7.5% replacement of coarse aggregate is made each time. Concrete of three different grades such as C20/25, C25/30, and C30/35 are considered. For every concrete grade, compressive strength is reduced with the addition of tire chips, but less strength loss is observed for the smaller-sized tire chips. Therefore, the best size is found to be 4.75-9.5 mm yielding a compressive strength 8.33%-18.48% (for different concrete grades) lower than that of corresponding control specimens. The workability of each mix based on slump value is found to increase with larger tire chip size. The durability inspection by acid curing reveals that 4.75-9.5 mm rubber performs best with a minimal strength reduction of 8.99%-16.38% as compared to the same specimen subjected to conventional water curing. Strength degradation is found to be more severe in the cases of the control specimen with lower strength.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of Concrete using Marble Mining Waste

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudarshan Dattatraya Kore ◽  
A. K. Vyas
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Mining Waste ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Marble Waste

Abstract A huge amount waste (approximately 60%) is generated during mining and processing in marble industries. Such waste can be best utilized in infrastructure development works. Coarse aggregate 75% by weight was replaced by aggregate obtained from marble mining waste. The impact of marble waste as a partial replacement for conventional coarse aggregate on the properties of concrete mixes such as workability, compressive strength, permeability, abrasion, etc. was evaluated. The test results revealed that the compressive strength was comparable to that of control concrete. Other properties such as workability of concrete increased, water absorption reduced by 17%, and resistance to abrasion was marginally increased by 2% as compared to that of control concrete. Ultrasonic pulse velocity and FTIR results show improvement in quality of concrete with crushed marble waste. From the TGA analysis it was confirmed that, aggregate produced from marble waste shows better performance under elevated temperature than that of conventional aggregates.

scholarly journals Effect of Fly Ash on the Compressive Strength of Green Concrete

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 5728-5731 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Chandio ◽  
B. A. Memon ◽  
M. Oad ◽  
F. A. Chandio ◽  
M. U. Memon
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Recycled Aggregates ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Equal Proportion ◽  
Standard Size ◽  
Green Concrete ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Management Issues

This research paper aims at investigating the effects of fly ash as cement replacement in green concrete made with partial replacement of conventional coarse aggregates with coarse aggregates from demolishing waste. Green concrete developed with waste materials is an active area of research as it helps in reducing the waste management issues and protecting the environment. Six concrete mixes were prepared using 1:2:4 ratio and demolishing waste was used in equal proportion with conventional aggregates, whereas fly ash was used from 0%-10% with an increment of 2.5%. The water-cement ratio used was equal to 0.5. Out of these mixes, one mix was prepared with all conventional aggregates and was used as the control, and one mix with 0% fly ash had only conventional and recycled aggregates. The slump test of all mixes was determined. A total of 18 cylinders of standard size were prepared and cured for 28 days. After curing the compressive strength of the specimens was evaluated under gradually increasing load until failure. It is observed that 5% replacement of cement with fly ash and 50% recycled aggregates gives better results. With this level of dosage of two waste materials, the reduction in compressive strength is about 11%.

scholarly journals Utilization of Sugarcane Bagasse Ash from Power Co-generation Boilers as a Supplementary Cementitious Material

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Safiki Ainomugisha ◽  
Bisaso Edwin ◽  
Bazairwe Annet
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Ordinary Portland Cement ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Hardened Concrete ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse Ash

Concrete has been the world’s most consumed construction material, with over 10 billion tons of concrete annually. This is mainly due to its excellent mechanical and durability properties plus high mouldability. However, one of its major constituents; Ordinary Portland Cement is reported to be expensive and unaffordable by most low-income earners. Its production contributes about 5%–8% of global CO2 greenhouse emissions. This is most likely to increase exponentially with the demand of Ordinary Portland Cement estimated to rise by 200%, reaching 6000 million tons/year by 2050.  Therefore, different countries are aiming at finding alternative sustainable construction materials that are more affordable and offer greener options reducing reliance on non-renewable sources. Therefore, this study aimed at assessing the possibility of utilizing sugarcane bagasse ash from co-generation in sugar factories as supplementary material in concrete. Physical and chemical properties of this sugarcane bagasse ash were obtained plus physical and mechanical properties of fresh and hardened concrete made with partial replacement of Ordinary Portland Cement. Cost-benefit analysis of concrete was also assessed. The study was carried using 63 concrete cubes of size 150cm3 with water absorption studied as per BS 1881-122; slump test to BS 1881-102; and compressive strength and density of concrete according to BS 1881-116. The cement binder was replaced with sugarcane bagasse ash 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% by proportion of weight. Results showed the bulk density of sugarcane bagasse ash at 474.33kg/m3, the specific gravity of 1.81, and 65% of bagasse ash has a particle size of less than 0.28mm. Chemically, sugarcane bagasse ash contained SiO2, Fe2O3, and Al2O3 at 63.59%, 3.39%, and 5.66% respectively. A 10% replacement of cement gave optimum compressive strength of 26.17MPa. This 10% replacement demonstrated a cost saving of 5.65% compared with conventional concrete. 

Polyurethane resin derived from polyol of palm olein and recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate)

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Ahmad Adamu ◽  
Norazilawati Muhamad Sarih ◽  
Seng Neon Gan
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Palm Olein ◽  
Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Alkali Resistance ◽  
Pet Waste ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pet Bottles ◽  
Poly Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Excellent Adhesion

Purpose Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) waste from soft drink bottles was incorporated into palm olein alkyd to produce new polyol for use in polyurethane resins as surface protection on metal surfaces. Design/methodology/approach Alkyd was prepared from palm olein, glycerol and phthalic anhydride. PET underwent simultaneous glycolysis and transesterification reactions with the alkyd. Varying the amount of PET has led to polyols with different viscosities. Polyurethane resins were produced by reacting the polyols with toluene diisocyanate. The resins were coated on mild steel panels and cured. Performances of the cured films were tested. Findings The polyurethanes (PU) resin cured to a harder film with better thermal stability. Films showed excellent adhesion properties, while higher content of PET exhibited higher pencil hardness, better water, salt, acid and alkali resistance. Research limitations/implications Other vegetable oils could also be used. The alkyd structure could be changed by formulation to have different functionality and the ability to incorporate higher amount of PET waste. Rate of glycolysis of PET could be increased by higher amount of ethylene glycol. Practical implications This method has managed to use waste PET in producing new polyol and PU resins. The cured films exhibit good mechanical and chemical properties, as well as excellent adhesion and thermal stability. Social implications The non-biodegradable PET has created environmental pollution problems connected to littering and illegal landfilling. It has become necessary to pay greater attention to recycling PET bottles for obtaining valuable products. Originality/value This approach is different from the earlier reports, where PET was recycled to recover the raw materials.

scholarly journals Utilization Iron Filings and Microwave Heating in Roughening the Surface of Smoothed Coarse Aggregates

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.20) ◽  
pp. 395
Author(s):  
Laith Mohammed Ridha Mahmmod Wajde ◽  
S. S. Alyhya Zainab ◽  
M. R. Abdul Rasoul ◽  
Abdulrasool T. Abdulrasool ◽  
. .
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Smooth Surface ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Microwave Treatment ◽  
Hardened Concrete ◽  
Equal Weight ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Water Curing ◽  
Adhesion Process

Properties of coarse aggregate such as texture have a significant influence on the performance of fresh and hardened concrete. A smooth surface can enhance workability, yet a rougher one offers a stronger bond between aggregate and paste, resulting in higher strength. This research aims to roughen the texture of white smoothed aggregate by using cement-iron filings mortar with the aid of microwave maturation to accelerate the adhesion process of mortar-aggregate surface. The mortar was prepared by mixing an equal weight of cement and iron filings, of a particular size, with sand. Four different periods (2, 4, 6 and 8 mints.)  of microwave treatment in addition to water curing were considered plus one reference mortar which cured in only air for 24 hrs. The treated aggregate was then used for casting concrete specimens with a w/c ratio of 0.5 in which their properties being determined by means of density, compressive and tensile strengths observations. The main findings revealed that the concrete specimens contained microwave treated aggregate attained higher compressive strength compared with those treated in the air. Data also showed that concrete specimens with microwave treated aggregate possess better tensile properties as a consequence of the improvement in the transition zone.   

scholarly journals Use of Recycled Tyre Rubber in Non-structural Concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 203 ◽  
pp. 06001
Author(s):  
Muhammad Bilal Waris ◽  
Hussain Najwani ◽  
Khalifa Al-Jabri ◽  
Abdullah Al-Saidy
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Structural Concrete ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Mix Proportion ◽  
Water To Cement Ratio ◽  
Concrete Blocks

To manage tyre waste and conserve natural aggregate resource, this research investigates the use of waste tyre rubber as partial replacement of fine aggregates in non-structural concrete. The research used Taguchi method to study the influence of mix proportion, water-to-cement ratio and tyre rubber replacement percentage on concrete. Nine mixes were prepared with mix proportion of 1:2:4, 1:5:4 and 1:2.5:3; water-to-cement ratio of 0.25, 0.35 and 0.40 and rubber to fine aggregate replacement of 20%, 30% and 40%. Compressive strength and water absorption tests were carried out on 100 mm cubes. Compressive strength was directly proportional to the amount of coarse aggregate in the mix. Water-to-cement ratio increased the strength within the range used in the study. Strength was found to be more sensitive to the overall rubber content than the replacement ratio. Seven out of the nine mixes satisfied the minimum strength requirement for concrete blocks set by ASTM. Water absorption and density for all mixes satisfied the limits applicable for concrete blocks. The study indicates that mix proportions with fine to coarse aggregate ratio of less than 1.0 and w/c ratio around 0.40 can be used with tyre rubber replacements of up to 30 % to satisfy requirements for non-structural concrete.

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