Where Syntax and Semantics Meet: A Typological Investigation of Old Egyptian Causatives

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 183-213
Author(s):  
Silvia Štubňová
Keyword(s):  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
Complement Clause ◽  
Transitive Verbs ◽  
Lexical Causative ◽  
Semantic Properties ◽  
Peculiar Nature ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Comprehensive Study ◽  
Causative Verbs

The earliest stage of the ancient Egyptian language attested in writing, i.e., Old Egyptian, had two productive causative mechanisms that increase the valency of verbs: morphological (mono-clausal) and periphrastic (bi-clausal). The former is characterized by the prefix s-, while the latter employs the lexical causative verb rḏj ‘give’ followed by a complement clause. Despite the fact that both causative strategies have been known to scholars since the inception of the study of the ancient Egyptian language, any systematic or comprehensive study of Egyptian causative verbs is lacking. This paper thus aims to provide a new insight into the Old Egyptian morphological and periphrastic causatives by examining their syntactic as well as semantic properties. The results of this analysis show which types of verbs have a preference for which of the two causative strategies and demonstrate the semantic differences between the morphological and periphrastic causative types. Furthermore, this paper clarifies the peculiar nature of the morphological causatives of transitive verbs, whose valency does not increase. I suggest a possible solution to this issue that lies in the function of the n-prefix in Old Egyptian.

scholarly journals First approach to pod dehiscence in faba bean: genetic and histological analyses

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Aguilar-Benitez ◽  
Inés Casimiro-Soriguer ◽  
Ana M. Torres
Keyword(s):  
Faba Bean ◽  
Linkage Mapping ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Dehiscence Zone ◽  
Molecular Bases ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Pod Dehiscence ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Abstract Pod dehiscence causes important yield losses in cultivated crops and therefore has been a key trait strongly selected against in crop domestication. In spite of the growing knowledge on the genetic basis of dehiscence in different crops, no information is available so far for faba bean. Here we conduct the first comprehensive study for faba bean pod dehiscence by combining, linkage mapping, comparative genomics, QTL analysis and histological examination of mature pods. Mapping of dehiscence-related genes revealed conservation of syntenic blocks among different legumes. Three QTLs were identified in faba bean chromosomes II, IV and VI, although none of them was stable across years. Histological analysis supports the convergent phenotypic evolution previously reported in cereals and related legume species but revealed a more complex pattern in faba bean. Contrary to common bean and soybean, the faba bean dehiscence zone appears to show functional equivalence to that described in crucifers. The lignified wall fiber layer, which is absent in the paucijuga primitive line Vf27, or less lignified and vacuolated in other dehiscent lines, appears to act as the major force triggering pod dehiscence in this species. While our findings, provide new insight into the mechanisms underlying faba bean dehiscence, full understanding of the molecular bases will require further studies combining precise phenotyping with genomic analysis.

scholarly journals Syntax and semantics of “thôi” and “ngừng”

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-118
Author(s):  
Pho Van Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Dynamic Control ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Complement Clause ◽  
Semantic Properties

The paper gives a comparative analysis of the syntax and semantic features of “thôi” and “ngừng” – two Vietnamese egressive verbs where their aspectual value will moderately be focused. Accordingly, “thôi” and “ngừng” have several syntac-semantic properties in common, but also several differences. Both “thôi” and “ngừng” denote “not continue” or “not recur”; but unlike “thôi” which implies a termination, “ngừng” implies a possible resumption of the event in question. They both presuppose the event which has been in progress. However, “”thôi” can refer to an intention, but “ngừng” can’t. “Thôi” manifests the event of Activity or State (eventual types), but “ngừng” manifests the event of Activity or State or Accomplishment. They both can be followed in complement clause. In case of “thôi”, the complement clause refers to events [+dynamic] [+control] while “ngừng” requires events [+dynamic] [±control]. Both “thôi” and “ngừng” show some similarities but also differences. That is why foreigners have trouble learning Vietnamese.

scholarly journals Vasily Dokuchaev (to the 175-th anniversary)

2021 ◽  
pp. 84-155
Author(s):  
E. A. Rusakova
Keyword(s):  
Life Experience ◽  
Scientific Heritage ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The idea of this paper is to highlight the scale of Dokuchaev's personality through the prism of readers' perception and comparison of the scientist's achievements, timed to certain milestones in his life, with their own successes. Dokuchaev's biography, filtered through his own life experience, provides a better understanding of the magnitude of the first soil scientist, and a respect for his significant scientific heritage. The work will give an insight into the extensive and varied activities of the pioneer in the comprehensive study of soils and the environment.

scholarly journals Vasily Dokuchaev (to the 175-th anniversary)

2021 ◽  
pp. 156-201
Author(s):  
E. A. Rusakova ◽  
Yu. R. Timofeeva
Keyword(s):  
Life Experience ◽  
Scientific Heritage ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The idea of this paper is to highlight the scale of Dokuchaev's personality through the prism of readers' perception and comparison of the scientist's achievements, timed to certain milestones in his life, with their own successes. Dokuchaev's biography, filtered through his own life experience, provides a better understanding of the magnitude of the first soil scientist, and a respect for his significant scientific heritage. The work will give an insight into the extensive and varied activities of the pioneer in the comprehensive study of soils and the environment. 

Comprehensive study of an ancient Egyptian foot case cartonnage using Raman, ESEM-EDS, XRD and FTIR

2020 ◽  
Vol 106 ◽  
pp. 102987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmaa M. Hussein ◽  
Fatma S. Madkour ◽  
Hala M. Afifi ◽  
Mona Abdel-Ghani ◽  
Mostafa Abd Elfatah
Keyword(s):  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
Comprehensive Study

scholarly journals From Symptom Tracking to Contact Tracing: A Framework to Explore and Assess COVID-19 Apps

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abinaya Megan Ramakrishnan ◽  
Aparna Nicole Ramakrishnan ◽  
Sarah Lagan ◽  
John Torous
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation System ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
End Users ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Health Applications ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Smartphone applications related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continue to emerge and evolve, but despite a wide variety of different app functions, there has yet to be a comprehensive study of what the most prevalent publicly available apps provide, and there exists no standardized evaluation system for end users to determine the safety and efficacy of an app before they download it. Furthermore, limited oversight means that the rapidly growing space creates challenges for end users trying to find a relevant app. We adapted the M-Health Index and Navigation Database (MIND) from apps.digitalpsych.org that previously has been used to evaluate mental health applications to guide the assessment of COVID apps. Using this framework, we conducted a thorough analysis of the top-100 returned coronavirus apps on two separate dates a month apart to understand the clinical utility and features of COVID-19 apps and how these change in a short period of time. We ultimately identified a significant turnover rate, as well as privacy concerns around lack of privacy policies and disclosure of personal information. Our research offers insight into the current status of COVID-19 apps and provides a comprehensive and adaptable framework to help individuals assess the growing number of such digital tools in the wake of the pandemic.

ReFocus: The Films of Michel Gondry

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
English Language ◽  
Original Screenplay ◽  
Music Videos ◽  
Music Video ◽  
French And English ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The acclaimed French auteur behind the mind-bending modern classic Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind (2004), for which he won an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay, Michel Gondry has directed innovative, ground-breaking films and documentaries, episodes of the acclaimed television show Kidding and some of the most influential music videos in the history of the medium. In this book, a range of international scholars offers a comprehensive study of this significant and influential figure, covering his French and English-language films and videos, and framing Gondry as a transnational and transcultural auteur whose work provides insight into both French/European and American cinematic and cultural identity. With detailed case studies of films such as Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind (2004), Dave Chappelle’s Block Party (2005), The Science of Sleep (2006), Be Kind Rewind (2008), Mood Indigo (2013) and Microbe & Gasoline (2015), the book examines significant themes throughout Gondry’s filmography including surrealism, adaptation, memory, dreams, play and African-American identity. The book compares Gondry to other filmmakers including Wes Anderson and Jean Vigo, allowing for an understanding of how Gondry’s films might compare with both his global contemporaries and his predecessors in French and international cinema. Furthermore, the book demonstrates how Gondry’s work in narrative film, documentary and music video represents significant innovation in narrative, visual aesthetic, and genre.

scholarly journals On the Tupi-Guaranian prehistory of the siriono verb

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-90
Author(s):  
Roland Hemmauer
Keyword(s):  
Identical Distribution ◽  
Third Person ◽  
Transitive Verbs ◽  
Causative Verbs

This paper shows that the verbal morphosyntax of Siriono, which is synchronically highly divergent from that of other Tupi-Guaranian (TG) languages, can be derived from the reconstructed proto-TG (PTG) system. Arguments will be presented to show that the S A=A series of person markers (e.g. PTG 1sg *a-) has merged with the So=O series (e.g. PTG 1sg *če-) in the 1st and 2nd plural persons in Siriono. In spite of this partial merger of two series of person markers, morphological elements that appeared in PTG between the personal prefix and the stem of transitive verbs have been retained in Siriono with an identical distribution. The partial merger of the S A=A series with the So=O series is explained by a combination of phonological and syntactic motivations. Additional evidence is drawn from Siriono's closely related sister language Yuki. Apart from this, the prefix k- that occurs on third-person forms of 'comitative-causative' verbs in Siriono has retained a trace of the PTG third-person prefix *o- in spite of the emergence of an innovated third-person prefix e-. These facts are taken as evidence of a PTG origin of the Siriono system

New evidence for the emergence of the human-pet relation in early Roman Berenike (1st–2nd century AD)

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Osypińska ◽  
Piotr Osypiński
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Small Animals ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Insight Into

Animals were as inextricable a part as they were indicative of the system of common ancient Egyptian beliefs. Their special role was manifested in a rich iconography and in multitudes of animal mummies deposited in the major sacral complexes. Seen in this light, the cemetery of small animals of 1st–2nd century AD date, excavated since 2011 in the Red Sea port town of Berenike, comes across as entirely unique, notwithstanding the spiritual aspects of cats, dogs and monkeys. Contrary to Egyptian animal burials of all periods associated with human ones, the Berenike inhumations were not intended as afterlife companions of their last owners; neither were they ever mummified. Recent results of research present the variety of species kept in the households and insight into their behaviour. Pathological changes on one of the dog skeletons suggest a deadly condition, that is, osteosarcoma. The Berenike data also shed new light on the distribution of the cat beyond Egypt and a rising preference for keeping the animal as a pet in Europe and the Middle East.

A Study of the Middle Construction in English with Special Reference to Learner’s Dictionaries

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-421
Author(s):  
Xiaoli Zhu ◽  
Guohua Chen
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
English Learners ◽  
Grammatical Category ◽  
Transitive Verbs ◽  
Intransitive Verbs ◽  
Semantic Properties ◽  
Significant Attention

Abstract Although the middle construction has attracted significant attention from syntacticians, its identity still remains controversial and it is not treated as a separate grammatical category in any English learner’s dictionary. This article, based on the data collected from three English learner’s dictionaries, investigates the middle construction in terms of its syntactic and semantic properties and the constraints on its use. It shows that the three learner’s dictionaries treat the middle construction in inconsistent and problematic manners. The middle use of a verb is not distinguished from either transitive verbs with an implicit object or intransitive verbs, which may hinder English learners’ acquisition of the construction. The article proposes that middle verbs should be treated as a separate subcategory of verbs on a par with transitive and intransitive verbs so that learners will become more aware of them and learn to use them correctly.

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