scholarly journals A $p,q$-analogue of a Formula of Frobenius

10.37236/1702 ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen S. Briggs ◽  
Jeffrey B. Remmel
Keyword(s):  
Stirling Numbers ◽  
Combinatorial Interpretation ◽  
Eulerian Polynomials ◽  
Major Index ◽  
Rook Placements ◽  
Rook Numbers ◽  
Nonnegative Coefficients ◽  
Ferrers Boards

Garsia and Remmel (JCT. A 41 (1986), 246-275) used rook configurations to give a combinatorial interpretation to the $q$-analogue of a formula of Frobenius relating the Stirling numbers of the second kind to the Eulerian polynomials. Later, Remmel and Wachs defined generalized $p,q$-Stirling numbers of the first and second kind in terms of rook placements. Additionally, they extended their definition to give a $p,q$-analogue of rook numbers for arbitrary Ferrers boards. In this paper, we use Remmel and Wach's definition and an extension of Garsia and Remmel's proof to give a combinatorial interpretation to a $p,q$-analogue of a formula of Frobenius relating the $p,q$-Stirling numbers of the second kind to the trivariate distribution of the descent number, major index, and comajor index over $S_n$. We further define a $p,q$-analogue of the hit numbers, and show analytically that for Ferrers boards, the $p,q$-hit numbers are polynomials in $(p,q)$ with nonnegative coefficients.

scholarly journals On $xD$-Generalizations of Stirling Numbers and Lah Numbers via Graphs and Rooks

10.37236/6699 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sen-Peng Eu ◽  
Tung-Shan Fu ◽  
Yu-Chang Liang ◽  
Tsai-Lien Wong
Keyword(s):  
Weyl Algebra ◽  
Stirling Numbers ◽  
Stirling Number ◽  
Combinatorial Structures ◽  
Normal Ordering ◽  
Rook Placements ◽  
Threshold Graphs ◽  
Combinatorial Interpretations ◽  
Ferrers Boards

This paper studies the generalizations of the Stirling numbers of both kinds and the Lah numbers in association with the normal ordering problem in the Weyl algebra $W=\langle x,D|Dx-xD=1\rangle$. Any word $\omega\in W$ with $m$ $x$'s and $n$ $D$'s can be expressed in the normally ordered form $\omega=x^{m-n}\sum_{k\ge 0} {{\omega}\brace {k}} x^{k}D^{k}$, where ${{\omega}\brace {k}}$ is known as the Stirling number of the second kind for the word $\omega$. This study considers the expansions of restricted words $\omega$ in $W$ over the sequences $\{(xD)^{k}\}_{k\ge 0}$ and $\{xD^{k}x^{k-1}\}_{k\ge 0}$. Interestingly, the coefficients in individual expansions turn out to be generalizations of the Stirling numbers of the first kind and the Lah numbers. The coefficients will be determined through enumerations of some combinatorial structures linked to the words $\omega$, involving decreasing forest decompositions of quasi-threshold graphs and non-attacking rook placements on Ferrers boards. Extended to $q$-analogues, weighted refinements of the combinatorial interpretations are also investigated for words in the $q$-deformed Weyl algebra.

scholarly journals On a New Family of Generalized Stirling and Bell Numbers

10.37236/564 ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Toufik Mansour ◽  
Matthias Schork ◽  
Mark Shattuck
Keyword(s):  
Closed Form ◽  
Generating Function ◽  
Recursion Relation ◽  
Stirling Numbers ◽  
Combinatorial Interpretation ◽  
Bell Numbers ◽  
New Family ◽  
Exponential Generating Function ◽  
Rook Numbers ◽  
Generalized Stirling Numbers

A new family of generalized Stirling and Bell numbers is introduced by considering powers $(VU)^n$ of the noncommuting variables $U,V$ satisfying $UV=VU+hV^s$. The case $s=0$ (and $h=1$) corresponds to the conventional Stirling numbers of second kind and Bell numbers. For these generalized Stirling numbers, the recursion relation is given and explicit expressions are derived. Furthermore, they are shown to be connection coefficients and a combinatorial interpretation in terms of statistics is given. It is also shown that these Stirling numbers can be interpreted as $s$-rook numbers introduced by Goldman and Haglund. For the associated generalized Bell numbers, the recursion relation as well as a closed form for the exponential generating function is derived. Furthermore, an analogue of Dobinski's formula is given for these Bell numbers.

scholarly journals Bijections on m-level Rook Placements

2014 ◽  
Vol DMTCS Proceedings vol. AT,... (Proceedings) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Barrese ◽  
Bruce Sagan
Keyword(s):  
Special Class ◽  
Symmetric Functions ◽  
Elementary Symmetric Functions ◽  
Rook Placements ◽  
Rook Numbers ◽  
Ferrers Board ◽  
International Audience ◽  
Ferrers Boards

International audience Partition the rows of a board into sets of $m$ rows called levels. An $m$-level rook placement is a subset of squares of the board with no two in the same column or the same level. We construct explicit bijections to prove three theorems about such placements. We start with two bijections between Ferrers boards having the same number of $m$-level rook placements. The first generalizes a map by Foata and Schützenberger and our proof applies to any Ferrers board. The second generalizes work of Loehr and Remmel. This construction only works for a special class of Ferrers boards but also yields a formula for calculating the rook numbers of these boards in terms of elementary symmetric functions. Finally we generalize another result of Loehr and Remmel giving a bijection between boards with the same hit numbers. The second and third bijections involve the Involution Principle of Garsia and Milne. Nous considérons les rangs d’un échiquier partagés en ensembles de $m$ rangs appelés les niveaux. Un $m$-placement des tours est un sous-ensemble des carrés du plateau tel qu’il n’y a pas deux carrés dans la même colonne ou dans le même niveau. Nous construisons deux bijections explicites entre des plateaux de Ferrers ayant les mêmes nombres de $m$-placements. La première est une généralisation d’une fonction de Foata et Schützenberger et notre démonstration est pour n’importe quels plateaux de Ferrers. La deuxième généralise une bijection de Loehr et Remmel. Cette construction marche seulement pour des plateaux particuliers, mais ça donne une formule pour le nombre de $m$-placements en terme des fonctions symétriques élémentaires. Enfin, nous généralisons un autre résultat de Loehr et Remmel donnant une bijection entre deux plateaux ayant les mêmes nombres de coups. Les deux dernières bijections utilisent le Principe des Involutions de Garsia et Milne.

scholarly journals Elliptic Rook and File Numbers

10.37236/6121 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Schlosser ◽  
Meesue Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Stirling Numbers ◽  
Classical Case ◽  
Factorization Theorem ◽  
Rook Numbers ◽  
Generalized Stirling Numbers ◽  
Independent Parameters ◽  
Ferrers Boards

Utilizing elliptic weights, we construct an elliptic analogue of rook numbers for Ferrers boards. Our elliptic rook numbers generalize Garsia and Remmel's $q$-rook numbers by two additional independent parameters $a$ and $b$, and a nome $p$. The elliptic rook numbers are shown to satisfy an elliptic extension of a  factorization theorem which in the classical case was established by Goldman, Joichi and White and extended to the $q$-case by Garsia and Remmel. We obtain similar results for elliptic analogues of Garsia and Remmel's $q$-file numbers for skyline boards. We also provide an elliptic extension of the $j$-attacking model introduced by Remmel and Wachs. Various applications of our results include elliptic analogues of (generalized) Stirling numbers of the first and second kind, Lah numbers, Abel numbers, and $r$-restricted versions thereof.

scholarly journals Multivariate Eulerian Polynomials and Exclusion Processes

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 486-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. BRÄNDÉN ◽  
M. LEANDER ◽  
M. VISONTAI
Keyword(s):  
Finite Number ◽  
Exclusion Process ◽  
Partition Functions ◽  
Asymmetric Exclusion Process ◽  
Negative Dependence ◽  
Combinatorial Interpretation ◽  
Exclusion Processes ◽  
Eulerian Polynomials ◽  
The Third ◽  
Dependence Properties

We give a new combinatorial interpretation of the stationary distribution of the (partially) asymmetric exclusion process on a finite number of sites in terms of decorated alternative trees and coloured permutations. The corresponding expressions of the multivariate partition functions are then related to multivariate generalisations of Eulerian polynomials for coloured permutations considered recently by N. Williams and the third author, and others. We also discuss stability and negative dependence properties satisfied by the partition functions.

scholarly journals A combinatorial interpretation of the Legendre-Stirling numbers

2009 ◽  
Vol 137 (08) ◽  
pp. 2581-2581 ◽  
Author(s):  
George E. Andrews ◽  
Lance L. Littlejohn
Keyword(s):  
Stirling Numbers ◽  
Combinatorial Interpretation

scholarly journals Multifarious Results for q-Hermite Based Frobenius Type Eulerian Polynomials

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waseem Khan ◽  
Idrees Ahmad Khan ◽  
Mehmet Acikgoz ◽  
Ugur Duran
Keyword(s):  
Generating Function ◽  
Generating Functions ◽  
Recurrence Relations ◽  
Series Representation ◽  
Bernoulli Polynomials ◽  
Stirling Numbers ◽  
Eulerian Polynomials ◽  
New Class ◽  
Genocchi Polynomials

In this paper, a new class of q-Hermite based Frobenius type Eulerian polynomials is introduced by means of generating function and series representation. Several fundamental formulas and recurrence relations for these polynomials are derived via different generating methods. Furthermore, diverse correlations including the q-Apostol-Bernoulli polynomials, the q-Apostol-Euler poynoomials, the q-Apostol-Genocchi polynomials and the q-Stirling numbers of the second kind are also established by means of the their generating functions.

scholarly journals Some Identities Relating to Eulerian Polynomials and Involving Stirling Numbers

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Qi ◽  
Dongkyu Lim ◽  
Bai-Ni Guo
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equations ◽  
Generating Function ◽  
Nonlinear Differential Equations ◽  
Stirling Numbers ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Open Problems ◽  
Eulerian Polynomials ◽  
Finite Sums

In the paper, the authors establish two identities, which can be regarded as nonlinear differential equations, for the generating function of Eulerian polynomials, find two identities for the Stirling numbers of the second kind, and present two identities for Eulerian polynomials and higher order Eulerian polynomials, pose two open problems about summability of two finite sums involving the Stirling numbers of the second kind. Some of these conclusions meaningfully and significantly simplify several known results.

scholarly journals A simple combinatorial interpretation of certain generalized Bell and Stirling numbers

2014 ◽  
Vol 318 ◽  
pp. 53-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Codara ◽  
Ottavio M. D’Antona ◽  
Pavol Hell
Keyword(s):  
Stirling Numbers ◽  
Combinatorial Interpretation

scholarly journals Eulerian polynomials via the Weyl algebra action

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Agapito ◽  
Pasquale Petrullo ◽  
Domenico Senato ◽  
Maria M. Torres
Keyword(s):  
Young Diagram ◽  
Weyl Algebra ◽  
Geometric Series ◽  
Exponential Series ◽  
Derivative Operator ◽  
Eulerian Polynomials ◽  
Combinatorial Description ◽  
Rook Numbers

AbstractThrough the action of the Weyl algebra on the geometric series, we establish a generalization of the Worpitzky identity and new recursive formulae for a family of polynomials including the classical Eulerian polynomials. We obtain an extension of the Dobiński formula for the sum of rook numbers of a Young diagram by replacing the geometric series with the exponential series. Also, by replacing the derivative operator with the q-derivative operator, we extend these results to the q-analogue setting including the q-hit numbers. Finally, a combinatorial description and a proof of the symmetry of a family of polynomials introduced by one of the authors are provided.

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