Relationship of Root Mean Square Value of Electromyography and Isometric Torque of Quadriceps in Normal Subjects

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiurong XIE ◽  
Zheng JIANG ◽  
Qinglu LUO
Keyword(s):  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Isometric Torque ◽  
Relationship Of

The Relationship of Root Mean Square Value of Electromyography and Isometric Torque of Quadriceps in Normal Subjects

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Qiurong XIE ◽  
Zheng JIANG ◽  
Qinglu LUO ◽  
Jie LIANG ◽  
Xiaoling WANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Isometric Torque ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Involuntary ankle oscillations from normal subjects

1977 ◽  
Vol 233 (1) ◽  
pp. R8-R14
Author(s):  
R. N. Stiles ◽  
R. R. Rietz
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Power Function ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Displacement Amplitude ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Hand Tremor ◽  
Negative Relation ◽  
Tremor Frequency

Spectral analysis of ankle tremor records obtained from normal seated subjects during continuous elevation of the heel for 10-45 min revealed that the root-mean-square (rms) displacement amplitude of the tremor increased from minimum values of about 4 micronm to values as large as 4,000 micronm. Associated with this increase in the displacement amplitude was a systematic decrease in the tremor frequency from values of 7-8 Hz to values of 5-6 Hz. Spectral analysis of demodulated soleus EMG records indicated that the rms value of this EMG (calculated at the tremor frequency) and the rms displacement of the tremor are related by a power function, with the rms value of the EMG increasing over a range of about 4-40 micronV as the tremor displacement increased from about 4 to 4,000 micronm. The negative relation between frequency and rms displacement amplitude values for postural ankle tremor was similar to that found previously for postural hand tremor.

A mechanical-reflex oscillator hypothesis for parkinsonian hand tremor

1976 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 990-998 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. N. Stiles ◽  
R. S. Pozos
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Single Frequency ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Hand Tremor ◽  
S Period ◽  
Rms Amplitude

Spectral analysis was performed on postural hand tremor records obtained from 22 parkinsonian subjects. Of these 22 subjects, 18 had postural hand tremor that occurred primarily at a single frequency during any one 16-s period. In general, this tremor occurred at different steady-state frequencies (each calculated over 16 s) between about 4 Hz and 8–9 Hz. This frequency decreased approximately 1 Hz for each 10-fold increase in displacement amplitude (root-mean-square, rms, amplitude determined at 16 cm from the wrist), decreasing from 8–9 Hz at about 30 mum to 3.75–4.0 Hz at about 30,000 mum. The major finding was that the frequency of parkinsonian hand tremor was nearly the same as that for hand tremor from normal subjects when these frequenceis were compared at similar rms displacement levels. This comparison, plus a comparison between other aspects of these two kinds of tremor, indicate that the mechanism for parkinsonian hand tremor is similar to that for large-displacement (greater than 100 mum) hand tremor of normal subjects, i.e., a mechanical-reflex oscillator mechanism.

Assessment of parasympathetic reactivation after exercise

2006 ◽  
Vol 290 (6) ◽  
pp. H2446-H2452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey J. Goldberger ◽  
Francis Kiet Le ◽  
Marc Lahiri ◽  
Prince J. Kannankeril ◽  
Jason Ng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Heart Rate Recovery ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Exercise Heart Rate ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Root Mean Square Residual ◽  
Parasympathetic Reactivation

The objective of this study was to evaluate whether heart rate variability (HRV) can be used as an index of parasympathetic reactivation after exercise. Heart rate recovery after exercise has recently been shown to have prognostic significance and has been postulated to be related to abnormal recovery of parasympathetic tone. Ten normal subjects [5 men and 5 women; age 33 ± 5 yr (mean ± SE)] exercised to their maximum capacity, and 12 subjects (10 men and 2 women; age 61 ± 10 yr) with coronary artery disease exercised for 16 min on two separate occasions, once in the absence of atropine and once with atropine (0.04 mg/kg) administered during exercise. The root mean square residual (RMS), which measures the deviation of the R-R intervals from a straight line, as well as the standard deviation (SD) and the root mean square successive difference of the R-R intervals (MSSD), were measured on successive 15-, 30-, and 60-s segments of a 5-min ECG obtained immediately after exercise. In recovery, the R-R interval was shorter with atropine ( P < 0.0001). Without atropine, HRV, as measured by the MSSD and RMS, increased early in recovery from 4.1 ± 0.4 and 3.7 ± 0.4 ms in the first 15 s to 7.2 ± 1.0 and 7.4 ± 0.9 ms after 1 min, respectively ( P < 0.0001). RMS (range 1.7–2.1 ms) and MSSD were less with atropine ( P < 0.0001). RMS remained flat throughout recovery, whereas MSSD showed some decline over time from 3.0 to 2.2 ms ( P < 0.002). RMS and MSSD were both directly related ( r2 = 0.47 and 0.56, respectively; P < 0.0001) to parasympathetic effect, defined as the difference in R-R interval without and with atropine. In conclusion, RMS and MSSD are parameters of HRV that can be used in the postexercise recovery period as indexes of parasympathetic reactivation after exercise. These tools may improve our understanding of parasympathetic reactivation after exercise and the prognostic significance of heart rate recovery.

scholarly journals Estimation of Apple Flowering Frost Loss for Fruit Yield Based on Gridded Meteorological and Remote Sensing Data in Luochuan, Shaanxi Province, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1630
Author(s):  
Yaohui Zhu ◽  
Guijun Yang ◽  
Hao Yang ◽  
Fa Zhao ◽  
Shaoyu Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Root Mean Square Error ◽  
Mean Square Error ◽  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Price Regulation ◽  
Flowering Period ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Agricultural Insurance

With the increase in the frequency of extreme weather events in recent years, apple growing areas in the Loess Plateau frequently encounter frost during flowering. Accurately assessing the frost loss in orchards during the flowering period is of great significance for optimizing disaster prevention measures, market apple price regulation, agricultural insurance, and government subsidy programs. The previous research on orchard frost disasters is mainly focused on early risk warning. Therefore, to effectively quantify orchard frost loss, this paper proposes a frost loss assessment model constructed using meteorological and remote sensing information and applies this model to the regional-scale assessment of orchard fruit loss after frost. As an example, this article examines a frost event that occurred during the apple flowering period in Luochuan County, Northwestern China, on 17 April 2020. A multivariable linear regression (MLR) model was constructed based on the orchard planting years, the number of flowering days, and the chill accumulation before frost, as well as the minimum temperature and daily temperature difference on the day of frost. Then, the model simulation accuracy was verified using the leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) method, and the coefficient of determination (R2), the root mean square error (RMSE), and the normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) were 0.69, 18.76%, and 18.76%, respectively. Additionally, the extended Fourier amplitude sensitivity test (EFAST) method was used for the sensitivity analysis of the model parameters. The results show that the simulated apple orchard fruit number reduction ratio is highly sensitive to the minimum temperature on the day of frost, and the chill accumulation and planting years before the frost, with sensitivity values of ≥0.74, ≥0.25, and ≥0.15, respectively. This research can not only assist governments in optimizing traditional orchard frost prevention measures and market price regulation but can also provide a reference for agricultural insurance companies to formulate plans for compensation after frost.

scholarly journals Histamine Control in Raw and Processed Tuna: A Rapid Tool Based on NIR Spectroscopy

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 885
Author(s):  
Sergio Ghidini ◽  
Luca Maria Chiesa ◽  
Sara Panseri ◽  
Maria Olga Varrà ◽  
Adriana Ianieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Partial Least Square Regression ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Tuna Fish ◽  
Mean Square Errors

The present study was designed to investigate whether near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy with minimal sample processing could be a suitable technique to rapidly measure histamine levels in raw and processed tuna fish. Calibration models based on orthogonal partial least square regression (OPLSR) were built to predict histamine in the range 10–1000 mg kg−1 using the 1000–2500 nm NIR spectra of artificially-contaminated fish. The two models were then validated using a new set of naturally contaminated samples in which histamine content was determined by conventional high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. As for calibration results, coefficient of determination (r2) > 0.98, root mean square of estimation (RMSEE) ≤ 5 mg kg−1 and root mean square of cross-validation (RMSECV) ≤ 6 mg kg−1 were achieved. Both models were optimal also in the validation stage, showing r2 values > 0.97, root mean square errors of prediction (RMSEP) ≤ 10 mg kg−1 and relative range error (RER) ≥ 25, with better results showed by the model for processed fish. The promising results achieved suggest NIR spectroscopy as an implemental analytical solution in fish industries and markets to effectively determine histamine amounts.

Intersession reliability of GPS-based and accelerometer-based physical variables in small-sided games with and without the offside rule

2021 ◽  
pp. 175433712098764
Author(s):  
Igor Junio de Oliveira Custódio ◽  
Gibson Moreira Praça ◽  
Leandro Vinhas de Paula ◽  
Sarah da Glória Teles Bredt ◽  
Fabio Yuzo Nakamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Physical Demands ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Total Distance ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
High Level

This study aimed to analyze the intersession reliability of global positioning system (GPS-based) distances and accelerometer-based (acceleration) variables in small-sided soccer games (SSG) with and without the offside rule, as well as compare variables between the tasks. Twenty-four high-level U-17 soccer athletes played 3 versus 3 (plus goalkeepers) SSG in two formats (with and without the offside rule). SSG were performed on eight consecutive weeks (4 weeks for each group), twice a week. The physical demands were recorded using a GPS with an embedded triaxial accelerometer. GPS-based variables (total distance, average speed, and distances covered at different speeds) and accelerometer-based variables (Player Load™, root mean square of the acceleration recorded in each movement axis, and the root mean square of resultant acceleration) were calculated. Results showed that the inclusion of the offside rule reduced the total distance covered (large effect) and the distances covered at moderate speed zones (7–12.9 km/h – moderate effect; 13–17.9 km/h – large effect). In both SSG formats, GPS-based variables presented good to excellent reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients – ICC > 0.62) and accelerometer-based variables presented excellent reliability (ICC values > 0.89). Based on the results of this study, the offside rule decreases the physical demand of 3 versus 3 SSG and the physical demands required in these SSG present high intersession reliability.

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