An Evaluation of the Depression Symptoms Level Using the Beck Depression Inventory Scale in Patients Receiving Acupuncture for Chronic Pain

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-114
Author(s):  
Hayriye Alp
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Score ◽  
Medical Faculty ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Pain Patients ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Pain Patients ◽  
Made In

Women respond more severely than men. Organs are living in acupuncture; vitality is provided by life energy called raw. Pathogens that interrupt the flow that blocks the raw flow form diseases. Acupuncture needles are placed in the special spot on the Bonghan channels to regulate the qi flow by electron transfer. This study made in GETAT Center, Konya Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Medical Faculty in 2018 between March and November, it was carried out with the approval of the ethics committee of Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Medical Faculty 2018/1252. The study design is cross sectionel study; included 46 participants of female sex who had experienced chronic pain for approximately six months. Beck depression scale was applied to both sexes with chronic pain. Acupuncture was applied in different numbers according to the severity of the pain and the reasons for the illness. Senses were first performed at intervals of once a week, then once a week, then every 15 days. Sessions lasted 20 minutes. In fact, a decrease of five units was considered clinically significant. Each patient was informed about the procedure before acupuncture and an informed consent was obtained. Before beginning the acupuncture sessions, each patient was given a participant number and the BDI was administered. The scale was discussed with each patient personally. The BDI consists of 21 questions, including questions about the participants's mood during the previous week. Significant effect of time and visual analog scale were determined on depression score.(p<0.01) Before acupuncture Beck Depression score 15.±10.28, after acupuncture score 9±6.81. Acupuncture may be effective in treating chronic pain-related depressive symptoms. Acupuncture is a method that does not have any reliable side effects which can be applied in depressive symptoms in chronic pain patients. Comparative controlled studies are needed in patients with and without acupuncture.

Depression as a Comorbid Condition: A Descriptive Comparative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 1097-1103
Author(s):  
Judy Frain ◽  
Horng-Shiuann Wu ◽  
Ling Chen
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Depression Score ◽  
Comorbid Condition ◽  
Persons Living With Hiv ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Living With Hiv

Studies analyzing depressive symptoms across chronic disease populations are limited. Our descriptive comparison investigation included two studies on life-limiting conditions: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and breast cancer. In both, depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). We found a mean depression score of 18.1 (± 11.8) overall ( N = 243). Over half (54%) reported clinically significant depressive symptoms (CES-D ≥ 16); 26% reported severe depressive symptoms (CES-D > 24). Disease and years of education were predictors of depressive symptoms. Persons living with breast cancer showed significantly worse depressive symptoms than persons living with HIV (p < 0.0001). After adjusting for disease, fewer years of education predicted worse depressive symptoms (p < 0.0001). This study demonstrated common determinants of depressive symptoms in both disease populations, suggesting that underlying conditions known to be predictors of depression could be assessed to identify those at higher risk for depression.

The Swedish version of the Insomnia Severity Index: Factor structure analysis and psychometric properties in chronic pain patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Dragioti ◽  
Tobias Wiklund ◽  
Peter Alföldi ◽  
Björn Gerdle
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Invariance Property ◽  
Insomnia Severity Index ◽  
Chronic Pain Patients ◽  
Pain Patients ◽  
Insomnia Severity

AbstractObjectiveInsomnia is the most commonly diagnosed comorbidity disorder among patients with chronic pain. This circumstance requests brief and valid instruments for screening insomnia in epidemiological studies. The main object of this study was to assess the psychometric properties and factor structure of the Swedish version of the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). The ISI is a short instrument designed to measure clinical insomnia and one of the most common used scales both in clinical and research practice. However there is no study in Sweden that guarantees neither its factor structure nor its feasibility in chronic pain patients. We further examined the measurement invariance property of the ISI across the two sexes.MethodsThe ISI was administered to 836 (269 men and 567 women) chronic pain patients from the Swedish Quality Registry for Pain Rehabilitation. This study used demographic data, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Mental Summary Component (MSC) of the Health Survey (SF-36) and the item 7 from Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI). The sample was divided into two random halves: exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed in the first sample (N1 = 334, 40%) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) in the second half of the sample (N2 = 502, 60%). The measurement and structural invariance of the proposed structure (4-item version) between the two sexes as well as reliability and validity indexes were further assessed.ResultsExploratory factor analysis using the principal axis factoring method generated one global factor structure for the ISI, explaining 63.1% of the total variance. The one factor solution was stable between the two sexes. Principal component analysis was also applied and indicated almost identical results. The structure was further assessed by CFA, resulting in an adequate fit only after omitting three items. The difference on structural and measurement invariance in the loadings by participants’ sex was not significant (Δχ2 = 10.6; df = 3; p = .69 and Δχ2 = 2.86; df = 3; p = 41 respectively). The shorter version four-item Insomnia Severity Index (ISI-4) was analysed further. The Chronbach’s alpha for the global ISI-4 score was 0.88. The construct validity of the ISI-4 was also supported by the, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Mental Summary Component of quality of life and quality of sleep data. Pain intensity was significantly associated with the ISI-4 score (beta = .29, p < 001) whereas no significant correlation between four-item Insomnia Severity Index score and age was observed (p > 05).Conclusions and implicationsAlthough short, the four-item Insomnia Severity Index (ISI-4) version seemed to effectively assess insomnia in chronic pain patients. An important clinical implication is that the four-item Swedish Insomnia Severity Index can be used in chronic pain cohorts when screening for insomnia problems. Its measurement and structural invariance property across the two sexes shows that the ISI-4 is a valid measure of the insomnia across groups of chronic patients. Our results also suggest its utility both in pain clinical practice and research purposes.

scholarly journals Pain Acceptance Predicts Expansive Outlooks on the Future in Older Chronic Pain Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 432-432
Author(s):  
Gillian Fennell ◽  
Abby Pui Wang Yip ◽  
M Cary Reid ◽  
Susan Enguidanos ◽  
Elizabeth Zelinski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Future Time Perspective ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Future Time ◽  
Pain Acceptance ◽  
Chronic Pain Patients ◽  
Pain Patients

Abstract As chronic conditions continue to rise in the US, associated pain symptoms are rising as well, affecting 65% of those 65 and older. In an attempt to help patients lessen the burdensome physical/psychological effects of chronic pain, researchers have investigated the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions with pain acceptance-based models yielding the most promising effect sizes. However, these interventions do not explicitly account for how patients perceive their future. Qualitative work has shown that chronic pain patients with positive and expansive views of their futures report fewer pain-related anxiety and depression symptoms, and are more likely to engage in long-term (and often more effective) treatment regiments. This study aims to investigate whether pain acceptance scores predict future time perspective to enhance treatment effects of chronic pain interventions. Multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted with a sample of 148 non-cancer patients age 45 and older with chronic pain, i.e. pain lasting three or more months. Pain duration, neuroticism, sex, race, income, and age were included in the model to explore potential mediating or moderating effects. A significant positive association was found between pain acceptance and future time perspective (r=.42, p&lt;.001, r2=.17). Additionally, with the inclusion of all covariates, our model significantly explained 24.1% of the variance in future time perspective in the sample, F(7,132)=5.99, p&lt;.001. With an established association between these two psychological constructs, strategies to bolster future time perspective can easily be integrated into pain acceptance interventions for older chronic pain patients, hopefully pushing effect sizes past the ‘moderate’ level.

Personality, Cognitive Appraisal and Adjustment in Chronic Pain Patients

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 531-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Mª Herrero ◽  
Carmen Ramírez-Maestre ◽  
Vanessa González
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Cognitive Appraisal ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cognitive Appraisals ◽  
Mcgill Pain Questionnaire ◽  
Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory ◽  
Chronic Pain Patients ◽  
Perceived Pain ◽  
Personality Patterns ◽  
Pain Patients

This study investigated the relationship between clinical personality patterns and cognitive appraisal as well as their repercussions on adjustment to chronic pain in a sample of 91 patients. It was predicted that clinical personality patterns would be related to adjustment and cognitive appraisal processes, whereas cognitive appraisals would be related to anxiety, depression and levels of perceived pain. The instruments used were as follows: the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory, the Cognitive Appraisal Questionnaire, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the McGill Pain Questionnaire. Multiple regression analyses, the Kruskal-Wallis test, and the Mann Whitney U-test were used to analyse the data obtained. The results show that certain clinical personality patterns were associated with poor adjustment to chronic pain. The use of cognitive appraisal of harm predicted higher anxiety levels and greater perceived pain in chronic pain patients. The use of cognitive appraisals of challenge predicted lower depression levels.

Gender Differences in the Expression of Depressive Symptoms Among Chronic Pain Patients

1996 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane M. Novy ◽  
David V. Nelson ◽  
Patricia M. Averill ◽  
Leigh A. Berry
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Pain Patients ◽  
Pain Patients

scholarly journals Social Relationship Quality Among Patients With Chronic Pain: A Population-Based Sample

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 316-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey M Philpot ◽  
Matthew E Schumann ◽  
Jon O Ebbert
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
General Population ◽  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Social Relationship ◽  
Friendship Quality ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Chronic Pain Patients ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Pain Patients

Objective: Chronic daily pain is experienced by 11.2% of United States adults and psychosocial factors have significant impact on self-reported pain. Most research in this area has focused on pain-related conditions, not the general population. This study sought to understand the associations between clinically significant chronic pain and multiple dimensions of social relationship quality in a general population. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was deployed and adjusted logistic regression models were constructed for chronic pain against independent social support domains. The moderating effect of self-rated health on social support quality was explored. Results: Of all, 26.1% of surveys were completed (3920/15 000) and 18.8% reported clinically significant chronic pain. Patients with chronic pain had lower friendship quality (aOR = 0.78; 0.64-0.94) and higher perceived rejection (aOR = 1.26; 1.04-1.53) and perceived hostility (aOR = 1.26; 1.05-1.52). Within our moderation analysis, chronic pain patients with low self-rated health had higher odds of low friendship quality, high loneliness, and high perceived rejection. Conclusions: Chronic pain patients experience social relationships differently than those without, and self-rated health differentially impacts these perceptions.

scholarly journals Do Chronic Pain Patients Wish Spiritual Aspects to Be Integrated in Their Medical Treatment? A Cross-Sectional Study of Multiple Facilities

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Hasenfratz ◽  
Hanspeter Moergeli ◽  
Haiko Sprott ◽  
André Ljutow ◽  
René Hefti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chronic Pain Patients ◽  
Spiritual Well Being ◽  
Spiritual Resources ◽  
Pain Patients

Background: Chronic pain is a complex, multidimensional experience. Spirituality is hypothesized to impact pain experience in various ways. Nevertheless, the role that spirituality plays in multimodal pain therapy remains controversial and, to date, quantitative data on whether and for which patients spiritual aspects should be considered in the treatment of chronic pain is lacking. The aim of this study was thus to investigate the proportion and characteristics of patients with chronic pain who wish spiritual aspects to be integrated in their treatment.Methods: Two hundred nine patients with chronic pain were recruited from five inpatient departments and outpatient clinics in the German-speaking part of Switzerland. Patients filled out validated questionnaires, such as the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Resilience Scale (RS-11), the Spiritual and Religious Attitudes in Dealing with Illness (SpREUK), and the 12-item Spiritual Well-Being Scale (FACIT-Sp-12).Results: More than 60% (CI95%: 55.5–67.9%) of the patients wanted to address spiritual aspects in their treatment. These patients were significantly younger, had higher levels of education, and suffered from more frequent and more severe pain than patients who did not wish to address spiritual aspects. Furthermore, there were high correlations with existing spiritual resources and higher scores of spirituality.Conclusions: These results confirm that the majority of chronic pain patients wish spiritual aspects to be considered in their treatment. Additionally, the finding that these patients had more spiritual resources underlines the importance of integrating spiritual aspects in a resource-oriented, patient-centered care approach for this condition.

Stigma perception and depression among patients suffering from chronic somatoform disorders

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 534-534
Author(s):  
M. Freidl ◽  
M. Aigner
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Somatoform Disorders ◽  
Mental Illness Stigma ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Chronic Pain Patients ◽  
Severity Of Depression ◽  
Pain Patients

IntroductionSeveral studies indicate a significant longitudinal comorbidity of depression and chronic pain. Also, perceived stigma is a barrier to recovery. This study wanted to evaluate the correlations.ObjectivesTo investigate to what degree chronic pain patients suffer from depression and stigma fears 132 (66% females) consecutive in- and out-patients with somatoform pain disorders who presented at the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (MUV) were investigated using the Stigma Questionnaire by Link and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI).AimsThe aim of this study was to survey the attitudes of 132 patients with the diagnosis somatoform pain disorder, toward mental illness stigma and the influence of depressive symptoms.MethodsThe BDI was employed for measuring of the severity of depression and the modified 12-item version of Links Stigma Questionnaire to evaluate stigma perception.ResultsThree third of the patients expect discrimination because of their psychiatric diagnosis and two third of the chronic pain patients also showed depressive symptoms. The overall results show a significant correlation between stigma perception and depressive symptoms.ConclusionFear of stigma increases with depressive symptoms and both are a risk for treatment delay. Goal of future research should be the question how to reduce depression and fear of stigma in order to help them enter psychiatric treatment early and gain self-confidence and mental health back again.

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