scholarly journals THE RESULTS OF THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE MEIOBENTHIC FAUNA RESEARCH IN HIGH-SULFIDE BIOTOPES OF COASTAL LAKES-LAGOONS OF THE KANDALAKSHA BAY (WHITE SEA)

Ekosistemy ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
E. A. Ivanova ◽  
E. D. Krasnova ◽  
D. A. Voronov ◽  
V. A. Timofeev ◽  
M. B. Gulin
Keyword(s):  
White Sea ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Stratified Lakes ◽  
Kandalaksha Bay ◽  
The Family ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Potential Food ◽  
Unambiguous Conclusion ◽  
High Sulfide

The article presents the results of the studies of physiological state of meiofauna taken from the bottom sediments of two meromictic lakes which had different stages of geological isolation from the White Sea. It was concluded that active living benthic organisms of these high-sulfide biotopes could penetrate no deeper than the upper boundary of the hemocline. Organisms living at the depth of the upper redox-chemocline boundary (nematodes, chironomids and oligochaetes) in the lakes-lagoons of the Kandalaksha Bay (White sea) have high locomotor activity characteristics. Nematodes and rotifers were found on the lower edge of the chemocline, but they were motionless and did not show signs of active life. Therefore, they, with a high degree of probability, could be attributed to the dead component of the community. No meiobenthos was found in the anoxic zone at the bottom of the sulfide lake at a depth of 7.5 m. Finding abundant motionless benthic ciliates, belonging to the family Tintinnidae at the upper edge of the chemocline of Lake Trekhtsvetnoe does not allow researchers to make unambiguous conclusion about their physiological state. The main factor limiting the penetration of zoobenthic oxybionts into the redox zone of the studied meromictic White Sea lagoons is obviously the combined effect of deficiency of dissolved oxygen with simultaneous contamination of the aquatic environment and benthal with hydrogen sulfide. On the contrary, the positive properties of this habitat can be attributed to the high content of potential food resources (biomass of photo-and chemolithotrophic microorganisms), and, probably, the previously observed layer of the chemocline with an increased temperature. It is noteworthy that the latter phenomenon, which is observed in most of the stratified lakes-lagoons of the polar region, is most developed in the winter period.

The Inscriptions on the Gravestones in the Croatian Villages of Slovakia, Chunovo and Jarovce: The Specificity of Mixing Graphics Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 159-173
Author(s):  
Darya Yu. Vashchenko
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Funerary Monuments ◽  
Traditional Spelling ◽  
The Family ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Village

The article discusses the inscriptions on funerary monuments from the Croatian villages of Cunovo and Jarovce, located in the South of Slovakia, near Bratislava. These inscriptions reflect the complicated sociocultural situation in the region, which is particularly specific due to the fact that this territory was included to Slovakia’s territory only after 1946, while earlier the village was part of Hungary. In addition, the local Croatian ethnic group was actively in close contact with the German and Hungarian communities. At the same time, the orthographic norms of the literary Croatian, German, Hungarian, and Slovak languages, which could potentially be owned by the authors of the inscriptions, differ in many ways, despite the Latin alphabet used on all the gravestones. All this is reflected in the tombstones, representing a high degree of mixing codes. The article identifies the main types of fusion on the monuments: separate orthograms, writing the maiden name of the deceased in the spelling of her native language, the traditional spelling of the family name. In addition, the mixing of codes can be associated with writing feminitives, also order of name and surname within the anthroponym. Moreover, the settlements themselves represent different ethnic groups coexistence within the village. Gravestones from the respective cemeteries also differ from each other in the nature of the prevailing trend of the mixing codes. In Jarovce, where the ethnic groups live compactly, fusion is often presented as a separate foreign language orthograms. In Cunovo, where the ethnic groups constitute a global conglomerate, more traditional presents for a specific family spelling of the names on the monument.

TO STUDY THE DYNAMICS OF IMMUNITY IN BLACK-AND-WHITE COWS DEPENDING ON AGE

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
М.В. ДОВЫДЕНКОВА
Keyword(s):  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Feeding Methods ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Relationship

Проведена статистическая обработка сформированной базы данных показателей неспецифической резистентности MS «Excel» с целью изучения динамики иммунитета по параметрам бактерицидной, лизоцимной и фагоцитарной активности у крупного рогатого скота черно-пестрой породы разных возрастов. Было установлено, что средние значения показателей лизоцимной и бактерицидной активности у телят в 6 мес были ниже (47,89% и 49,09%, соответственно), чем у животных в 3—4 года (53,75% и 52,81%). Выведено уравнение регрессии, описывающее взаимосвязь между средними показателями фагоцитарной активности и возрастом при высокой степени достоверности (R2=0,90). Изменения лизоцимной и бактерицидной активности в зависимости от возраста были недостоверными (R2=0,58 и R2=0,49, соответственно). Установлена высокая корреляция между бактерицидной и лизоцимной активностью. Отмечена динамика изменения неспецифического иммунитета у коров различных возрастных групп. Создание баз данных и постоянный мониторинг основных показателей естественной резистентности в зависимости от различных факторов (породы, возраста, стадий лактации, кормления, способов содержания), которые влияют на данные показатели, необходимо для оценки физиологического состояния организма животных и их устойчивости к болезням. Statistical processing of the generated MS "Excel" on indicators of non-specific resistance database was carried out with the aim of studying the dynamics of the development of immunity in terms of bactericidal, lysozyme and phagocytic activity in black-and-white cattle of different ages. It was found that the average values of indicators of lysozyme and bactericidal activity in calves at 6 months were lower (47.89% and 49.09%, respectively) than in animals at the age of 3—4 years (53.75% and 52.81%). The equation of regression was derived, it describes the relationship between the average indicators of phagocytic activity and the age with a high degree of reliability (R2=0.90). The changes in lysozyme and bactericidal activity depending on age were dubious (R2=0.58 and R2=0.49, respectively). The high correlation between bactericidal and lysozyme activity was established. It was noticed that the cows of different age groups experienced the dynamics of changes in nonspecific immunity. The creation of databases and constant monitoring of the main indicators of natural resistance, depending on various factors (breed, age, stages of lactation, feeding, methods of keeping) that affect these indicators, is necessary for assessing the physiological state of the animals’ body of and their resistance to diseases.

scholarly journals Involvement of loop 5 lysine residues and the N-terminal β-hairpin of the ribotoxin hirsutellin A on its insecticidal activity

2016 ◽  
Vol 397 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Olombrada ◽  
Lucía García-Ortega ◽  
Javier Lacadena ◽  
Mercedes Oñaderra ◽  
José G. Gavilanes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Sites ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Spatial Proximity ◽  
Ribonucleolytic Activity ◽  
The Family ◽  
Lysine Residues ◽  
Hirsutella Thompsonii ◽  
Close Spatial Proximity ◽  
High Degree

Abstract Ribotoxins are cytotoxic members of the family of fungal extracellular ribonucleases best represented by RNase T1. They share a high degree of sequence identity and a common structural fold, including the geometric arrangement of their active sites. However, ribotoxins are larger, with a well-defined N-terminal β-hairpin, and display longer and positively charged unstructured loops. These structural differences account for their cytotoxic properties. Unexpectedly, the discovery of hirsutellin A (HtA), a ribotoxin produced by the invertebrate pathogen Hirsutella thompsonii, showed how it was possible to accommodate these features into a shorter amino acid sequence. Examination of HtA N-terminal β-hairpin reveals differences in terms of length, charge, and spatial distribution. Consequently, four different HtA mutants were prepared and characterized. One of them was the result of deleting this hairpin [Δ(8-15)] while the other three affected single Lys residues in its close spatial proximity (K115E, K118E, and K123E). The results obtained support the general conclusion that HtA active site would show a high degree of plasticity, being able to accommodate electrostatic and structural changes not suitable for the other previously known larger ribotoxins, as the variants described here only presented small differences in terms of ribonucleolytic activity and cytotoxicity against cultured insect cells.

INFLUENCE OF BACTRIO-CARRY IN THE FAMILY ON THE COURSE OF ATOPIC DERMATITIS IN A CHILD

2021 ◽  
pp. 114-119
Author(s):  
Vasileva E.A. ◽  
Kuyarov A.A. ◽  
Kuyarov A.V.
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Secondary Infection ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Epidermal Barrier ◽  
The Family ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Nose And Throat

The pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD) is complex, and at present a unified concept of the development of the disease has not been formed. At the heart of pathogenesis, there is a complex interaction of numerous factors, such as genetic predisposition, dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system and the epidermal barrier. Previously, it has been proven that a high microbial contamination of the affected areas helps to maintain inflammation and aggravates skin dysfunction as a result of chronic inflammation, and favorable factors appear for the attachment of a secondary infection. However, little attention has been paid to dysfunctions of the epidermal barrier, the role of violations of the quantitative and qualitative composition of the microbiota in the development of AD, and this issue remains relevant at the present time. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the carrier of bacteria on the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract in family members on the course of atopic dermatitis in a child. A bacteriological examination of the mucous membranes of the nose and throat was carried out in 34 children with AD and members of their families (74 people). When examining the mucous membranes of the nose and throat in family members of children with AD, it was found that the microflora isolated from family members in more than half of the cases has an increased potential for pathogenicity with a high degree of contamination (CFU lg 3), which forms an increased bacteriological load on the child. The tendency of bacterial carriage was revealed, contributing to the formation in the family of a permanent persistence of microflora with a high potential for pathogenicity. Asymptomatic carriage of bacteria forms an additional epidemiological load on the child, affects the severity of AD and is a risk factor in the development of secondary infection of the skin.

The rise of the land market in medieval south-west Finland

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-171
Author(s):  
Mika Kallioinen
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Integration ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Land Market ◽  
Barriers To Entry ◽  
South West ◽  
The Family ◽  
High Degree

AbstractThis article aims to explain how the market for land functioned in medieval south-west Finland. The data show that in medieval times land was increasingly treated as something to be transferred in return for ready money, albeit within the limits set by the interests of the family. The land market was open to large segments of society, suggesting that barriers to entry were low. It was characterised by strong vertical integration, although asymmetric, as the majority of the transactions took place between participants from different social groups. The article will also consider the high degree of geographical integration in the land market.

scholarly journals An instance of intergeneric copulation in the family Rhopalidae (Heteroptera): structure, functioning and congruence of the genitalia in two different species from the standpoint of the lock-and-key hypothesis

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-18
Author(s):  
D.A. Gapon
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Female Genitalia ◽  
Interspecific Crosses ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Family ◽  
Structural Isolation ◽  
High Degree

n event of mating between specimens of Corizus hyoscyami and Rhopalus parumpunctatus, registered in the Novgorod Province of Russia is considered. The structure of the aedeagi in their completely inflated state and the female genitalia, as well as the functioning of the genitalia, are described and illustrated. The process of unfolding and swelling of the aedeagi is traced using the method of hydraulic inflation of the membranous parts with glass microcapillaries. The congruence of the genitalia is discussed for each species, and also for the interspecific crosses in both combinations of sexes and species. Structures of insect terminalia are divided into three groups according to their functions: 1) auxiliary structures; 2) structures providing the mutual fixation of the genitalia; and 3) structures directly performing the function of transferring seminal fluid. It is shown that in the considered variants of interspecific crosses, the parts of the genitalia belonging to the second group have almost the same structure and functioning, and most likely cannot perform the function of structural isolation. The structures of the third group have taxon-specific morphological and functioning traits and a high degree of congruence within each species. Schemes of the functioning of the genitalia in interspecific crosses, speculatively showing the impossibility of normal insemination, are proposed.

scholarly journals Features of the Species and Spatial Structure of Macrobenthos in the Green Cape Lagoon (Kandalaksha Bay, White Sea)

2020 ◽  
pp. 228-240
Author(s):  
A. P. Stolyarov ◽  
M. V. Mardashova
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
White Sea ◽  
Oxygen Deficiency ◽  
Macoma Balthica ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
The White Sea ◽  
Invertebrate Species ◽  
Kandalaksha Bay ◽  
Carbon Load

Features of the species and spatial structure of macrobenthic sublittoral communities in a lagoon ecosystem on the Green Cape (the White Sea) were studied. 31 invertebrate species and 3 species of sea grasses and algae (Zostera marina, Cladophora sericea, and Fucus vesiculosus) were found in the sublittoral of the surveyed lagoon. The data on the species composition, diversity and spatial structure of macrobenthos communities indicate the predominance of littoral brackish-water and marine euryhaline macrobenthos species (Hydrobia ulvae, Tubificoides benedii, Chironomus salinarius, and Macoma balthica) in the coastal region of the lagoon, marine euryhaline littoral and sublittoral species (mainly polychaetes Heteromastus filiformis, Polydora ciliata, and Capitella capitata) in the central deeper region, and marine sublittoral less euryhaline species (Pontoporeia femorata, Anonyx nugans, Nereimyra punctata, Terebellides stroemi, Astarte montagui, Micronephthys minuta, and Atylus carinatus) at the exit from the lagoon. The ecosystem of the Green Cape lagoon belongs to lagoons significantly fenced off from the sea with depleted specific fauna (many littoral species) and largely influenced by carbon load and salinity. The reduced connection of the lagoon with the sea due to the continued rise of the White Sea coast (4 mm per year in this area) will contribute to a decrease in the species diversity and the predominance of few small eurytopic invertebrate species resistant to organic load, oxygen deficiency, and desalination.

scholarly journals Social Roles as Viewed by Speakers of Non-Cognate Languages.

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 71-83
Author(s):  
Olga Leonidovna Byessonova ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Social Roles ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Male Roles ◽  
The Family ◽  
Degree Of Orientation ◽  
Native Speakers Of English ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
High Degree

Introduction. The article addresses the reflection of ideas about gender social roles in the conceptual and linguistic worldview of men and women. Materials and methods. The analysis is based on the material of the linguistic experi-ment conducted with native speakers of such English and Ukrainian. Results. The results of the experiment reveal the differences in the perception by the native speakers of English and Ukrainian of gender social roles. As the analysis of the material shows, in the Ukrainian society, the public sphere is associated to a greater de-gree with the professional activities of men and women, and there is a high degree of orientation of women towards motherhood. In English, outside the family, mainly male roles are defined, and the roles of women are mainly family and are in the sphere of personal, emotional ties. Discussion and Conclusions. The analysis of social roles shows that the Ukrainian lin-guistic community, to a greater extent than the English-speaking, is characterized by an orientation towards the traditional patriarchal family, in which a woman is the keeper of the hearth, the organizer of male consumption, and the man is the owner and head of the family. The results obtained in the course of the experiment enable to establish a systemic cor-relation between the language structure and the social structure, to establish correla-tions between the language phenomena and the gender of the communicants.

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