TO STUDY THE DYNAMICS OF IMMUNITY IN BLACK-AND-WHITE COWS DEPENDING ON AGE

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
М.В. ДОВЫДЕНКОВА
Keyword(s):  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Feeding Methods ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Relationship

Проведена статистическая обработка сформированной базы данных показателей неспецифической резистентности MS «Excel» с целью изучения динамики иммунитета по параметрам бактерицидной, лизоцимной и фагоцитарной активности у крупного рогатого скота черно-пестрой породы разных возрастов. Было установлено, что средние значения показателей лизоцимной и бактерицидной активности у телят в 6 мес были ниже (47,89% и 49,09%, соответственно), чем у животных в 3—4 года (53,75% и 52,81%). Выведено уравнение регрессии, описывающее взаимосвязь между средними показателями фагоцитарной активности и возрастом при высокой степени достоверности (R2=0,90). Изменения лизоцимной и бактерицидной активности в зависимости от возраста были недостоверными (R2=0,58 и R2=0,49, соответственно). Установлена высокая корреляция между бактерицидной и лизоцимной активностью. Отмечена динамика изменения неспецифического иммунитета у коров различных возрастных групп. Создание баз данных и постоянный мониторинг основных показателей естественной резистентности в зависимости от различных факторов (породы, возраста, стадий лактации, кормления, способов содержания), которые влияют на данные показатели, необходимо для оценки физиологического состояния организма животных и их устойчивости к болезням. Statistical processing of the generated MS "Excel" on indicators of non-specific resistance database was carried out with the aim of studying the dynamics of the development of immunity in terms of bactericidal, lysozyme and phagocytic activity in black-and-white cattle of different ages. It was found that the average values of indicators of lysozyme and bactericidal activity in calves at 6 months were lower (47.89% and 49.09%, respectively) than in animals at the age of 3—4 years (53.75% and 52.81%). The equation of regression was derived, it describes the relationship between the average indicators of phagocytic activity and the age with a high degree of reliability (R2=0.90). The changes in lysozyme and bactericidal activity depending on age were dubious (R2=0.58 and R2=0.49, respectively). The high correlation between bactericidal and lysozyme activity was established. It was noticed that the cows of different age groups experienced the dynamics of changes in nonspecific immunity. The creation of databases and constant monitoring of the main indicators of natural resistance, depending on various factors (breed, age, stages of lactation, feeding, methods of keeping) that affect these indicators, is necessary for assessing the physiological state of the animals’ body of and their resistance to diseases.

THE EFFECT OF PREBIOTIC HEMIV ON THE NATURAL RESISTANCE AND QUALITY OF MEAT OF BROILER CHICKENS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-334
Author(s):  
A.A. Reznichenko ◽  
◽  
V.I. Dorozhkin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Natural Resistance

We studied the effect of prebiotic hemiv on natural resistance and meat quality of broiler chickens. As a result of the conducted studies, it was found that after using the drug at a dose of 0,6 g/kg of body weight, there was an increase in the phagocytic activity of pseudoeosinophils and the bactericidal activity of blood serum by 34,3 and 22,4%, respectively, compared with the control. After the use of hemiv at a dose of 0,9 g/kg, there was also a statistically confirmed increase in the bactericidal activity of blood serum and phagocytic activity of pseudoeosinophils by 20,6 and 29,1%. At studying the effect of the drug on the quality of meat, it was found that it belongs to the mature and benign and can be eaten without restrictions.

scholarly journals COMPLEX EVALUATION OF RESISTANCE AND STRESS STEADINESS OF CALVES

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 101-106
Author(s):  
N. N. Makovska ◽  
O. D. Biryukova ◽  
K. V. Bodriashova
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Skin Fold ◽  
Complex Evaluation

The aim of the work was to conduct the complex evaluation of the state of heterospecific resistance and stress steadiness of organism of calves. Materials and methods of researches. A complex scheme was approved for determination of heterospecific resistance of farm animals, which includes application of haematological and immunobiological researches. The work was carried out in "Khrystynivske" breeding farmat the calves of Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy breed (n = 20) at the age of 2 months. The father of all the investigated calves was bull Inhibitor 402151. Heterospecific resistance of calves was determined by generally accepted methods. The amount of leucocytes and erythrocytes of blood, phagocytic activity of leucocytes and phagocytosis intensity, lysozyme and bactericidal activity of serum were determined. The adapted eosinophilic test on stress steadiness and histamine test were applied for determination of general immunoreactiveness as a screening test for farm animals. The biometrical processing of data was carried out using М. A. Plokhinskiy method and software Microsoft Excel and Statistica6.0. Results of researches. Phagocytic activity of blood leucocytes, on average, was about 56%, and phagocytosis intensity– 3,5±0,56 microbial cells absorbed by an active leucocyte. The average relative bulge of skin fold (Rv) was about 52% at carrying out histamine test. It is stated that 57% of the investigated animals had a normal immune response, about 24% – mionectic, and 2 heifers were in immunosuppression state. There were 3 individuals with high immunoreactiveness (Rv≥100%). Indexes of bactericidal activity of serum at the investigated calves were from 2,6% to 82%, and on average it was 33,7%±4,9 (р<0,001), and activity of lysozyme was from 1,4% to 83,1% and 21,6%±4,8 (р<0,001) on average. It is noted, that animals which had lower live weight at birth were characterized by lower level of bactericidal activity of serum. Rectilinear correlation dependence between the indexes of phagocytic activity of leucocytes and bactericidal activity of serum (r=+0,54±0,16; р<0,001) was revealed. Positive correlation between bactericidal and lysozyme activity of serum (r=+0, 61±0,15; р<0,001) was found. Weak, but significant correlation between the relative bulge of skin fold (Rv) and phagocytic activity of leucocytes indicates that a histamine test is the adequate marker of heterospecific resistance. The animals which had the greatest live weight at birth were characterized by the greatest level of phagocytic activity of leucocytes of blood, and positive correlation between live weight of new-born calves and indexes of phagocytic activity of leucocytes of blood (r = +0,28 ± 0,13 р<0,01) indicates it. An inverse correlation was also revealed between live weight at the age of 2 months and relative bulge of skin fold (r=-0, 18±0,11; р<0,05), which specifies in the presence of growth delay of calves which are characterized by mionectic reactivity in relation to a heterospecific irritant (histamine). The data of eosinophilic test showed that stress-sensitive individuals were about 58 %. The analysis of variance showed reliable influence of a stress status on live weight at the age of 2 months (Р<0,05) and influence of immunoreactiveness on live weight at the age of 6 months (Р<0,05). It should be noted in addition, that impact of a stress status on live weight at the age of 12 months approached to reliable value (Р=0,06). In general, there was declining of force of influence of both factors on live weight with age. Reliable dependence of a stress status and immunoreactiveness on age of first insemination and age of first calving wasn’t revealed. Conclusions. Individual variability on the indexes of natural resistance and high level of heterospecific resistance in the most of the investigated calves were revealed in progeny of bull Inhibitor. The analysis of variance revealed direct influence of heterospecific resistance on the indexes of individual development of animals. There are pre-conditions in relation to screening application of histamine test and eosinophilic test as informing and economic accessible ones for determination of level of heterospecific resistance and stress steadiness in the system of complex estimation of specifics of pedigree resources.

scholarly journals Lp(a)‐Associated Oxidized Phospholipids in Healthy Black and White Participants in Relation to apo(a) Size, Age, and Family Structure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Berglund ◽  
Kyoungmi Kim ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Nishant Prakash ◽  
Kevin Truax ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Structure ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Oxidized Phospholipids ◽  
White People ◽  
White Families ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Apolipoprotein A ◽  
Allele Specific ◽  
The Relationship

Background Lp(a) (lipoprotein(a)) is the major lipoprotein carrier of oxidized phospholipids (OxPL) and this function mediates Lp(a) atherogenicity. However, the relationship between OxPL, Lp(a), and genetic and biological characteristics remains poorly understood. We assessed the relationship between Lp(a)‐bound OxPL, apolipoprotein(a) (apo(a)) size, age, and family structure in 2 racial groups. Methods and Results Healthy Black and White families were recruited from the general population (age: 6–74 years, n=267). OxPL and Lp(a) levels were assayed enzymatically; apo(a) isoform, LPA allele sizes, and allele‐specific Lp(a) levels were determined. Lp(a)‐OxPL levels did not differ significantly by racial and age groups. Lp(a)‐OxPL levels were associated with total plasma Lp(a) in all participants and in race‐specific analyses. Further, OxPL levels were significantly associated with allele‐specific Lp(a) levels carried by the smaller apo(a) size in all participants (β=0.33, P =0.0003) as well as separately for Black (β=0.50, P =0.0032) and White (β=0.26, P =0.0181) participants. A significant association of OxPL with allele‐specific Lp(a) levels for larger apo(a) sizes was seen only in Black participants (β=0.53, P =0.0076). In this group, Lp(a)‐OxPL levels were also heritable (h 2 =0.29, P =0.0235), resulting in a significant interracial difference in heritability between Black and White people ( P =0.0352). Conclusions Lp(a)‐OxPL levels were associated with allele‐specific Lp(a) level carried on smaller apo(a) sizes and among Black participants also for larger apo(a) sizes. The heritability estimates for Lp(a)‐bound OxPL differed by race.

The Physician’s Task and the Problem of Documentation

1964 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 11-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Proppe
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Evaluation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Lupus Vulgaris ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Clinical Methods ◽  
Corpus Hippocraticum ◽  
High Degree

SummaryCase histories suitable for statistical evaluation can be found even as far back as in the Corpus Hippocraticum. Such simple data as the patient’s age, body weight, size, the date of menarche, etc. are practically always included in the case records, and it is demonstrated that, when such data are recorded in a system of documentation suitable for mechanical sorting, it may enable us to draw conclusions of very great importance. Mechanical registration methods have revealed that, in the determination and recording of data as hitherto carried out. there has been a surprisingly large number of errors and a high degree of unreliability. This view has a considerable influence on modern clinical methods; it renders a more democratic relation between physician and patient necessary and makes clear the need for measures to enhance the reliability of diagnosis and treatment of pathological conditions. The author illustrates this view with reference to the mechanical falsification of the thesis of the proneness of early age groups to lupus vulgaris, furthermore with reference to the mechanical rationalization of modern routine diagnostic methods, to the constant surveillance of adverse effects on public health and to the protection against allergic reactions with the aid of recording systems of personal allergy and intolerance data with mechanical sorting and computer techniques.

Association between Social Media Use for Health Purpose and Depressive Symptoms: A Cross-Sectional Survey (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee Yun Lee ◽  
Yan Luo ◽  
Cho Rong Won ◽  
Jiyoung Lee ◽  
Jeongwon Baik
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Health Purpose

BACKGROUND The use of social media or social networking sites (SNS) is increasing across all age groups, and one of the primary motives of using SNS is to seek health-related information. Although previous research examining the effect of SNS use on depression exist, studies regarding the effect of SNS use for health purpose on depression is limited. OBJECTIVE Our study aims to explore the relationship between SNS use for health purpose and depression across the four age groups (18-34 years old, 35-49 years old, 50-64 years old, and above 65 years old). METHODS A sample of 6,789 adults aged 18 and older was extracted from a 2017 and 2018 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS). Univariate and bivariate analyses to examine the association between each variable and four age groups were conducted. Multiple linear regression analyses to predict depression level among participants with use of SNS for health purpose were conducted. RESULTS SNS use for health purpose and depression were positively associated for three age groups but not for those 65 years or older (=0.13, P<0.05; =0.08, P<0.05; =0.09, P<0.05). Income and self-reported health status indicated an inverse relationship for all age groups. The relationship with marital status differed based on age group with 18 and 34 years old showing an inverse relationship (=-0.13, P<0.01) while 65 years or older showing a positive relationship (=0.06, P<0.05). Gender was positively associated among those in the 35-49 years old (=0.09, P<0.05) and 65 years or older (=0.07, P<0.05). Being Non-Hispanic White was positively associated with depression among 50-64 years old (=0.07, P<0.001) and 65 years or older (=0.08, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Age-tailored education on determining accurate and reliable information shared via SNS is needed to reduce depressive symptoms.

Prevalence of imaginary companions among Chinese children aged 4 to 6 years

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Qiyi Lin ◽  
Nan Zhou ◽  
Hong Fu
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Internal Variables ◽  
Annual Income ◽  
Imaginary Companions ◽  
Socioeconomic Environment ◽  
Imaginary Play ◽  
Relationship Qualities ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
The Relationship

We investigated the prevalence of Chinese children's imaginary companions (ICs) and the internal variables of IC types (personified object or invisible friend) and child–IC relationship qualities (egalitarian or hierarchical child–IC relationship). Participants were 266 children aged 4 to 6 years. Only in the 5-year-old group was the proportion of children with ICs significantly higher among girls than among boys, implying that the relationship between gender and IC was not consistent across age groups. Children from families in the highest annual income group engaged in more IC play than did children from families in the lowest annual income group, indicating a relationship between family socioeconomic environment and children's imaginary play. IC types were not associated with child–IC relationship qualities in any of the age groups, implying that these qualities may represent different dimensions of IC play as early as 4 years old.

scholarly journals Advertising Media Impact in Consumer Buying Behavior

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 54-56
Author(s):  
Ashmita Dahal Chhetri
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Electronic Media ◽  
Buying Behavior ◽  
Media Impact ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Buying Behaviors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Better Than

Advertisements have been used for many years to influence the buying behaviors of the consumers. Advertisements are helpful in creating the awareness and perception among the customers of a product. This particular research was conducted on the 100 young male and female who use different brands of product to check the influence of advertisement on their buying behavior while creating the awareness and building the perceptions. Correlation, regression and other statistical tools were used to identify the relationship between these variables. The results revealed that the relationship between media and consumer behavior is positive. The adve1tising impact on sales and there is positive and high degree relationship between advertising and consumer behavior. The impact on advertising of a product of electronic media is better than non-electronic media.

Glycogenolytic rates and cAMP in livers of rats running at different treadmill speeds

1983 ◽  
Vol 245 (3) ◽  
pp. R353-R356
Author(s):  
W. W. Winder ◽  
M. A. Beattie ◽  
E. O. Fuller
Keyword(s):  
Liver Glycogen ◽  
Work Rate ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Camp Concentration ◽  
Running Speed ◽  
Cyclic Monophosphate ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Camp Levels ◽  
Liver Glycogenolysis

The purposes of this study were to determine the effect of different work rates on the rate of liver glycogenolysis and to determine the relationship between liver adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) levels and the glycogenolytic rate. Rats were run at treadmill speeds ranging from 10 to 34 m/min up a 15% grade for either 30 or 60 min. Both the magnitude of the decrease in liver glycogen and the increase in hepatic cAMP were dependent on the running speed and the duration of running. At the highest work rate a disproportionate acceleration in the liver glycogenolytic rate was observed compared with that at lower work loads, thus resulting in a curvilinear relationship between work rate and liver glycogenolytic rate. A high degree of correlation was found between the liver glycogenolytic rate and hepatic cAMP concentration (r = 0.98). This observation is consistent with the idea that hepatic glycogenolytic rates are determined by cAMP-mediated mechanisms.

scholarly journals Validation of a French Version of the Career Decision-Making Difficulties Questionnaire: Relationships With Self-Esteem and Self-Efficacy

2021 ◽  
pp. 089484532110099
Author(s):  
Jérôme Rossier ◽  
Shékina Rochat ◽  
Laurent Sovet ◽  
Jean-Luc Bernaud
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Career Counseling ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Career Decision ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Career Decision Making ◽  
Student Sample ◽  
French Version ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study was to validate the French version of the Career Decision-Making Difficulties Questionnaire (CDDQ) and to assess its measurement invariance across gender, age groups, countries, and student versus career counseling samples. We also examined the sensitivity of this instrument to discriminate a career counseling population from a general student sample. Third, we studied the relationship between career decision-making difficulties, career decision-making self-efficacy, and self-esteem in a sample of 1,748 French and French-speaking Swiss participants. A confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the overall hierarchical structure of the CDDQ. Multigroup analysis indicated that the level of invariance across groups almost always reached configural, metric, and scalar invariance. Differences between countries were very small, whereas differences between the general population and career counseling subsamples were much larger. Both self-esteem and self-efficacy significantly predicted career decision-making difficulties. Moreover, as expected, self-efficacy partially mediated the relationship between self-esteem and career decision-making difficulties.

Sino-Japanese Reactive Diplomacy as Seen Through the Interplay of the Belt Road Initiative (BRI) and the Free and Open Indo-Pacific Vision (FOIP)

China Report ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-21
Author(s):  
Stephen Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Analysis ◽  
State Sovereignty ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Legal Perspective ◽  
Road Maps ◽  
Process Oriented ◽  
Development Trajectories ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Relationship

The Indo-Pacific region is now home to at least two competing regionalism road maps, China’s Belt Road Initiative (BRI) and Japan’s Free and Open Indo-Pacific Vision (FOIP). Through comparing their respective development trajectories, this article examines the relationship between these two regionalisation initiatives. Key lines of enquiry include the following: Is the interaction between the BRI and the FOIP Vision reactive, proactive or both? Why has each initiative changed its trajectory? How can we characterise these competing initiatives? This article employs a regionalism matrix analysis that compares two different approaches, integration from a ‘rational-legal perspective’ with an emphasis on broad cooperation and state sovereignty from a ‘process-oriented perspective’ with a focus on exact goals. It finds that the BRI focuses on both a high degree of state sovereignty based on a ‘process-oriented perspective’ and exact cooperation. In contrast, FOIP stresses integration through a ‘rational-legal perspective’, broad cooperation and a shared rules-based order. Furthermore, there is a reactive interplay between these two regionalism frameworks that shapes their orientation and influences their focus.

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