Oral and Maxillofacial Manifestations of Mineral and Bone Disorders Associated with Chronic Renal Failure

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1325-1328
Author(s):  
Andrada Raluca Doscas ◽  
Mihail Balan ◽  
Mihai Liviu Ciofu ◽  
Doriana Agop Forna ◽  
Marius Cristian Martu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Oral Manifestations ◽  
End Stage Renal Failure ◽  
Brown Tumors ◽  
The Mean ◽  
End Stage

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a multifactorial syndrome and a global health concern. As renal function declines, there is a progressive deterioration of mineral homeostasis. Starting from stage 3 of CKD oral manifestations of mineral disorders can occasionally appear and become more frequent and evident in stage 5. We retrospectively analysed 43 patients diagnosed with end stage renal failure undergoing dialysis, hospitalized in our clinic for different oral and maxillofacial pathologies. The mean dialysis period was 5.43 years. Radiographic alterations afecting the jaws were found in all patients. The most common feature was partial or total loss of lamina dura, followed by alterations of the bony trabeculae. 9 patients presented brown tumors which are considered the final stage of secondary hyperparathyroidism associated with renal failure.

MO403ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY IN ELDERLY: EPIDEMIOLOGICAL, CLINICAL AND ETIOLOGICAL FEATURES

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mouna Malki abidi ◽  
Rajaa Aoudia ◽  
Soumaya Chargui ◽  
Imen Gorsane ◽  
Mouna Jerbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Renal Aging ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Iatrogenic Origin

Abstract Background and Aims Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in the elderly due to physiologic renal aging and underlying pathologies. Few studies focused on AKI in Tunisian elderly. The aim of our study was to highlight the epidemiological, clinical, etiological, therapeutic, and progressive characteristics of AKI in elderly. Method We conducted a descriptive retrospective study of AKI in patients admitted to our department over a period of 04 years from 01/01/2014 to 31/12/2017. Results We collected 40 patients including 25 women and 15 men with a sex ratio of 1.66. The mean age was 74 [65-87] years. We noted the presence of pre-existing chronic kidney disease in 58% of cases, diabetes in 50% of cases and hypertension in 73% of cases. Polypharmacy was found in 40% of cases. AKI was symptomatic in 80% of cases and found on a routine check-up in 20% of cases. Mean creatinine was 612+/-334 µmol/l. AKI was pre-renal in 37% and parenchymal in 63% of cases. Iatrogenic origin was found in 33% of cases. Renal biopsy was performed for diagnostic purposes in 6 cases. Haemodialysis was necessary in 50% of cases. Etiopathogenic treatment was initiated in 73% of cases. Intra-hospital mortality was 10%, recovery of renal function (RF) was partial in 40 % of cases and total in 20 % of cases. Follow-up time was 16 +/- 23.2 months. And at the last news, recovery of renal function (RF) was partial in 7 cases and total in 10 cases, 6 patients kept a chronic renal failure (CRF), among them 3 cases had and end-stage of CRF. Conclusion AKI is a frequent pathology in the elderly and its severity is linked to mortality and the transition to chronicity. Iatrogenic causes are frequent and preventable in this population, hence the major interest of prevention.

scholarly journals Predictors of a Rapid Decline of Renal Function in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Referred to a Nephrology Outpatient Clinic: A Longitudinal Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Vigil ◽  
Emilia Condés ◽  
Rosa Camacho ◽  
Gabriela Cobo ◽  
Paloma Gallar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Lower Serum ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Kidney Function Decline

Background. Predicting the progression of kidney failure in patients with chronic kidney disease is difficult. The aim of this study was to assess the predictors of rapid kidney decline in a cohort of patients referred to a single outpatient nephrology clinic. Design. Longitudinal, prospective cohort study with a median follow-up of 3.39 years. Methods. Data were obtained from 306 patients with chronic renal failure based on serum creatinine-estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFRcreat) < 90 mL/min/1.73 m2. After excluding patients who died (n=30) and those who developed end-stage renal failure (n=6), 270 patients were included. This population was grouped according to the rate of kidney function decline. Rapid kidney function decline was defined as an annual eGFRcreat loss > 4 mL/min/1.73 m2. We recorded nonfatal cardiovascular events at baseline and during follow-up in addition to biochemical parameters. Results. The mean loss in renal function was 1.22 mL/min/1.73 m2 per year. The mean age was 75 ± 8.8 years old, and the mean baseline eGFRcreat was 42 ± 14 mL/min/1.73 m2. Almost one-fourth of the sample (23.3% [63 patients]) suffered a rapid decline in renal function. In a logistic regression model with rapid decline as the outcome, baseline characteristics, lower serum albumin (OR: 0.313, 95% CI: 0.114–0.859), previous cardiovascular disease (OR: 1.903 95% CI: 1.028–3.523), and higher proteinuria (g/24 h) (OR: 1.817 CI 95%: 1.213–2.723) were the main predictors of rapid kidney decline. On multivariate analysis, including baseline and follow-up data, we obtained similar adjusted associations of rapid kidney decline with baseline serum albumin and proteinuria. The follow-up time was also shorter in the group with rapid rates of decline in renal function. Conclusion. Renal function remained stable in the majority of our population. Previous cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular incidents, lower serum albumin, and higher proteinuria at baseline were the main predictors of rapid kidney decline in our population.

Renal Tubular Protein Degradation of Radiolabelled Aprotinin (Trasylol) in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure

1993 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 733-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Rustom ◽  
J. S. Grime ◽  
P. Maltby ◽  
H. R. Stockdale ◽  
M. J. Jackson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Normal Renal Function ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Renal Uptake ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Renal Tubular

1. The new method developed to measure renal tubular degradation of small filtered proteins in patients with normal renal function, using radio-labelled aprotinin (Trasylol) (R. Rustom, J. S. Grime, P. Maltby, H. R. Stockdale, M. Critchley, J. M. Bone. Clin Sci 1992; 83, 289–94), was evaluated in patients with chronic renal failure. 2. Aprotinin was labelled with either 99mTc (40 MBq) or 131I (0.1 MBq), and injected intravenously in nine patients, with different renal pathologies. 51Cr-EDTA clearance (corrected for height and weight) was 40 + 5.4 (range 11.2-81) ml min−1 1.73 m−2. Activity in plasma and urine was measured over 24–48 h, and chromatography on Sephadex-G-25-M was used to separate labelled aprotinin from free 99mTcO4− or 131I−. Renal uptake was measured for 99mTc-labelled aprotinin only. 3. The volume of distribution was 20.2 + 2.3 litres. Chromatography showed all plasma activity as undegraded aprotinin, and urine activity only as the free labels (99mTcO4− or 131I−). 4. As in patients with normal renal function, activity in the kidney appeared promptly, with 5.7 + 2.5% of the dose detected even at 5 min. Activity rose rapidly to 9.4 + 1.6% of dose after 1.5 h, then more slowly to 15.0 + 0.5% of dose at 4.5 h, and even more slowly thereafter, reaching 24.1 + 2.8% of dose at 24 h. Extra-renal uptake was again insignificant, and both 99mTcO4− and 131I− appeared promptly in the urine, with similar and uniform rates of excretion over 24 h. 5. Both tubular uptake at 24 h and the rate of tubular metabolism over 24 h were lower than in the patients with normal renal function studied previously, but only the rate of tubular metabolism was directly related to the glomerular filtration rate (r = 0.75, P <0.02). 6. Correction for the reduced glomerular filtration rate yielded values for both tubular uptake (0.67 + 0.14 versus 0.32 + 0.03% of dose/ml of glomerular filtration rate, P <0.005), and tubular metabolism (0.033 + 0.07 versus 0.015 + 0.001% of dose h−1 ml−1 of glomerular filtration rate, P <0.005) that were higher by comparison with those for patients with normal renal function studied previously. 7. Fractional renal degradation of 99mTc-aprotinin (in h−1), derived from the mean rate of urinary excretion of the free isotope over a given interval, divided by the mean cumulative kidney uptake over the same interval, also fell steeply early, and then more slowly to 0.07 + 0.01 h−1 at 14.25 h (between 4.5 and 24 h). 8. It is concluded that the method described previously is also suitable in patients with chronic renal failure, allowing further research into renal disease progression.

scholarly journals Shen Shuai II Recipe Attenuates Renal Interstitial Fibrosis by Improving Hypoxia via the IL-1β/c-Myc Pathway

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Liuyi Yang ◽  
Meng Wang ◽  
Yuan Zhou ◽  
Jing Yang ◽  
Chaoyang Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Interstitial Fibrosis ◽  
Renal Interstitial Fibrosis ◽  
Related Factors

Background. Renal interstitial fibrosis is a pathological manifestation of progression of chronic kidney disease induced by various factors. Shen Shuai II Recipe (SSR) has been used in clinical practice for more than 20 years, and clinical studies have confirmed that SSR significantly improves the renal function of patients with chronic kidney disease. However, the specific mechanisms underlying its efficacy require further research. This study aims to explore the influencing factors of renal interstitial fibrosis in the context of hypoxia via the IL-1β/c-Myc pathway and the potential molecular mechanisms of SSR intervention in vivo and in vitro. Methods. A rat model of chronic renal failure was developed by performing 5/6 (ablation/infarction, A/I) surgery on randomly selected, male Sprague Dawley rats. Thirty-six successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into three groups: 5/6 (A/I), 5/6 (A/I) + SSR, and 5/6 (A/I) + losartan. Another 12 rats were used as the sham group. After 8 weeks of the corresponding intervention, renal function, liver function, and protein expression of renal-fibrosis-related factors, HIF-1α, IL-1β, and c-Myc, were detected. In vitro analysis was performed using hypoxia-induced rat renal tubular epithelial cells (NRK-52E) and IL-1β-stimulated rat renal interstitial fibroblasts (NRK-49F). IL-1β concentration in the culture medium and IL-1β protein expression in hypoxic NRK-52E treated with different concentrations of SSR were investigated. Furthermore, we also studied the changes in protein expression of c-Myc and fibrosis-related factors after c-Myc gene silencing in IL-1β-stimulated NRK-49F treated with SSR. Results. Shen Shuai II Recipe significantly reduced RIF and downregulated the expression of HIF-1α, c-Myc, and IL-1β proteins in 5/6 (A/I) rats with chronic renal failure. It also inhibited IL-1β secretion from NRK-52E induced by hypoxia, which in turn inhibited fibroblast activation mediated by the IL-1β/c-Myc pathway, and finally reduced the overproduction of the extracellular matrix. Conclusion. The renoprotective effects of SSR in rats with chronic renal failure may be related to its inhibition of hypoxia via the IL-1β/c-Myc pathway. Thus, SSR is a potentially effective drug for delaying the progression of renal interstitial fibrosis.

scholarly journals Residual renal function with different frequencies of hemodialysis treatment in end-stage renal failure patients

1987 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
Kazumasa Shimamatsu ◽  
Satoru Fujimi ◽  
Kaoru Onoyama ◽  
Hiroshi Tsuruda ◽  
Masatoshi Fujishima
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Residual Renal Function ◽  
End Stage Renal Failure ◽  
Hemodialysis Treatment ◽  
End Stage

scholarly journals Simplified end stage renal failure risk prediction model for the low-risk general population with chronic kidney disease

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. e0212590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia C. Lim ◽  
Miao Li Chee ◽  
Ching-Yu Cheng ◽  
Jia Liang Kwek ◽  
Majorie Foo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
General Population ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Risk Prediction ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
End Stage Renal Failure ◽  
Failure Risk ◽  
End Stage
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