The Calculation of Turbulent Diffusion Coefficients in Aquatic Ecosystems

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 3903-3907
Author(s):  
Galina Marusic ◽  
Valeriu Panaitescu
Keyword(s):  
Transport Equation ◽  
Turbulent Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
The Right ◽  
Prut River

The paper deals with the issues related to the pollution of aquatic ecosystems. The influence of turbulence on the transport and dispersion of pollutants in the mentioned systems, as well as the calculation of the turbulent diffusion coefficients are studied. A case study on the determination of turbulent diffusion coefficients for some sectors of the Prut River is presented. A new method is proposed for the determination of the turbulent diffusion coefficients in the pollutant transport equation for specific sectors of a river, according to the associated number of P�clet, calculated for each specific area: the left bank, the right bank and the middle of the river.

The Calculation of Turbulent Diffusion Coefficients in Aquatic Ecosystems

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 3903-3907
Author(s):  
Galina Marusic ◽  
Valeriu Panaitescu
Keyword(s):  
Transport Equation ◽  
Turbulent Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
The Right ◽  
Prut River

The paper deals with the issues related to the pollution of aquatic ecosystems. The influence of turbulence on the transport and dispersion of pollutants in the mentioned systems, as well as the calculation of the turbulent diffusion coefficients are studied. A case study on the determination of turbulent diffusion coefficients for some sectors of the Prut River is presented. A new method is proposed for the determination of the turbulent diffusion coefficients in the pollutant transport equation for specific sectors of a river, according to the associated number of Péclet, calculated for each specific area: the left bank, the right bank and the middle of the river.

scholarly journals Determination of Neuromuscular Control of the Upper Limbs in Children - Case Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4Sup1) ◽  
pp. 46-61
Author(s):  
Carmen-Magdalena Camenidis ◽  
◽  
Irina Băițel ◽  
Amalia Oatu ◽  
Octavian Amzulescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kinematic Chain ◽  
Neuromuscular Control ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Motor Action ◽  
Muscle Groups ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Right

The objective of this case study is to observe the existence of an anticipation mechanism at the muscle groups level of the upper limbs. We tried to highlighted this anticipation process by measuring the potential of surface electric for some muscle groups representing the kinematic chain on the right side, involved in the motor action of catching a basketball and a 3kg medicine ball with two hands to the chest. We conducted a case study of a 13-year-old child, female gender. As a measurement method, we used surface electromyography signals of the EMG Trigno Delsys wireless system with 16 electrodes. We determined the moment when the muscles come into action by increasing the potential of surface electric and the moment when the action of catching the ball takes place, using the information provided by the accelerometers incorporated in the sensors of the Delsys equipment used. Therefore, we obtained information about how different muscle groups come into action which helped us to get an idea of how the child's movement is structured. Based on results of accelerations and EMG signals acquired we have formulated conclusions regarding the neuromuscular control of the tested subject. We also planned for the future to test a larger group of participants in the study research of anticipation mechanism in children who do not practice any performance sports.

scholarly journals Numerical Simulation of the Hydrodynamics of Some Sectors of the Prute River

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 902-905
Author(s):  
Galina Marusic ◽  
Valeriu Panaitescu
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Aquatic Systems ◽  
Cfd Analysis ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Prut River

This paper addresses issues related to the determination of hydrodynamics of aquatic systems, with the application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis. The importance of knowing the hydrodynamics of aquatic systems for solving water pollution problems, as well as their prevention, is discussed. A case study regarding the determination of the water flow characteristics using CFD for some sectors of the Prut river is presented.

Determination of the pollutant far-fields dilution using variable turbulent diffusion coefficients

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. V. Gardanov
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Turbulent Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Concentration Distribution ◽  
Far Field ◽  
Wastewater Discharge ◽  
Main Subject ◽  
Turbulent Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Advection Diffusion

The main subject of the paper is deriving appropriate relationships to calculate the horizontal turbulent diffusion coefficient, the size of the far-field polluted plume and the concentration distribution in the case of the continuous steady state wastewater discharge into receiving marine environment. The simplified advection diffusion-diffusion equation with variable (depending on the distance from the outfalls) coefficients of turbulent diffusion has been solved for this purpose.

scholarly journals Assessment of contamination and origin of metals in mining affected river sediments: A case study of the Aries catchment, Romania

2014 ◽  
Vol 79 (8) ◽  
pp. 1019-1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Levei ◽  
Michaela Ponta ◽  
Marin Senila ◽  
Mirela Miclean ◽  
Tiberiu Frentiu
Keyword(s):  
River Sediments ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Total Variability ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
The Right

The study presents the current status of contamination with metals (Cu, Cr, Cd, Pb, Ni, Zn, As) and their anthropogenic or natural origin in the sediments of the Aries river basin, Romania, affected by mining activities. The results indicated an enrichment of metals in sediments. Different contamination levels were identified on the Aries river and its tributaries. According to sediment quality guidelines and contamination indices, sediments from the Aries river were found to be highly contaminated with Cd, Cu, As, considerably with Zn and moderately with Pb and Ni. The right-bank tributaries were found to be more contaminated than the left-bank affluents, where only a contamination with As of geogenic origin was identified. The Principal Component Analysis allowed to identify five latent factors (86 % total variability) reflecting the anthropogenic and natural origins of metals. Arsenic, Cd and partially Pb were found to have a common anthropogenic origin, different from that of Cu. The statistical approach indicated also the geogenic origin of Pb due to its association with Ca, K, Na, Sr. Chromium and Ni were attributed to natural source following their association with Mn, Fe, Al and Mg, respectively.

scholarly journals Optimization of Fleet Assignment: A Case Study in Turkey

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yavuz OZDEMIR ◽  
Huseyin BASLIGIL ◽  
Kemal Gokhan NALBANT
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Number ◽  
Fleet Assignment ◽  
Assignment Model ◽  
Fleet Assignment Problem ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Right ◽  
Optimum Solution ◽  
The Cost

The fleet assignment problem which causes great increasing in costs is necessary for a solution of “right fleet to the right flight” for airline companies. In this paper, a fleet assignment model is set up using the data of the biggest Turkish airline company, Turkish Airlines. The aim of this model is to assign most appropriate fleet type to flights while minimizing the cost and determine optimal number of aircraft grounded overnight at each airport. We set up a model with constraints and determination of all airline operations and solve our problem using integer linear programming. Finally, we get an optimum solution which minimizes the total cost while assigning the fleet type to the flight leg. Using optimization software, the solution to this problem generates a minimum daily cost of fleet assignment and it aims to assign most appropriate fleet type to flights while minimizing the cost and determine optimal number of aircraft grounded overnight at each airport.

scholarly journals The impact of hydrotechnical facilities on island avifauna: a case study of the middle Vistula River

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 93-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Bukaciński ◽  
Monika Bukacińska ◽  
Arkadiusz Burzyński
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
High Slope ◽  
Habitat Changes ◽  
Vistula River ◽  
The Right ◽  
Abundance And Distribution ◽  
The Impact

The study was conducted in the years 1994-2006 in the middle of the Vistula River between Wróble and Kochów (416th – 418th km of the waterway). The presence of islands and steep banks makes it a key place for nesting avifauna, including a number of endangered species. The aim of this paper is to present the impact of hydro-technical facilities (a diversion weir) on habitat changes, and consequently on the abundance and distribution of birds that inhabit this part of the river. A cross-divider in the riverbed (weir) connecting the bank of the river with one of the islands increased the flow rate and pushed the current to the middle of the river, directing it towards the islands. The result of these changes was a sudden erosion of the sandy, the high slope at the top of the island II, a partition of this island into two parts, and a slow erosion of the island located near the left bank (island IV, Fig. 1B). Lack of fixed, steady flow along the right bank resulted also in a considerably faster succession of vegetation on the island I and slow shallowing of the channel between the island and the bank. As a result, the area of sandy habitats, most valuable to nesting birds, decreased disproportionately faster than the area of the whole islands (Table 1). In the years 2001-2002, when the island I was completely united with the right bank and the islands 0 and I were connected to each other, a width of the riverbed at this point decreased from 870 m to 710 m, i.e. by more than 20 % (Fig. 1).

scholarly journals Perancangan dan Implementasi Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) Metode Tsukamoto pada Penentuan Penghuni Asrama

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Aulia Akhrian Syahidi ◽  
Fajerin Biabdillah ◽  
Fitra Abdurrachman Bachtiar
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Inference System ◽  
Fuzzy Inference ◽  
Male Student ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Inference System ◽  
Accuracy Level ◽  
The Right

<p class="Judul2">Asrama mahasiswa dibangun sebagai tempat tinggal bagi sekelompok orang yang sedang manjalankan suatu tugas atau kegiatan yang sama. Untuk menentukan mahasiswa yang berhak menjadi penghuni asrama, maka dalam penelitian ini memberikan rekomendasi untuk menggunakan Metode <em>Fuzzy</em> Tsukamoto. Metode <em>Fuzzy</em> Tsukamoto dipilih karena ada beberapa kelebihan yang menonjol yaitu dapat mendefinisikan nilai yang kabur dari <em>input</em>an penilaian, dapat membangun, dan mengaplikasikan pengalaman-pengalaman para pakar secara langsung tanpa harus melalui proses pelatihan. Hasil analisis menyimpulkan bahwa: (1) Cara kerja Metode <em>Fuzzy</em> Tsukamoto memiliki tiga bagian yaitu: fuzzifikasi, inferensi <em>fuzzy</em>, dan defuzzifikasi, (2) Implementasi Metode <em>Fuzzy</em> Tsukamoto dapat menghitung penentuan penerimaan penghuni asrama mahasiswa pada studi kasus asrama mahasiswa putera “Negara Dipa Amuntai Malang”, berdasarkan 19 data dengan membandingkan antara hasil penilaian pakar, hasil perhitungan <em>Fuzzy</em> Tsukamoto secara manual, dan hasil perhitungan <em>Fuzzy</em> Tsukamoto secara otomatis menggunakan sistem yang terprogram, telah diuji mempunyai tingkat akurasi keberhasilan sebesar 63.15% dengan predikat cukup.</p><p> </p><p class="Judul2"><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p class="Abstract"><em>Student dormitory is built as a residence for a group of people who are carrying out a task or the same activity. To determine the students who have the right to become boarders, in this study provide recommendations for using the Fuzzy Tsukamoto Method. Fuzzy Tsukamoto method was chosen because there are several prominent advantages that can define the value that is blurred from the assessment input, can build, and apply the experiences of experts directly without having to go through the training process. The results of the analysis concluded that: (1) The workings of the Fuzzy Tsukamoto Method have three parts: fuzzification, fuzzy inference, and defuzzification. (2) The implementation of the Fuzzy Tsukamoto method can calculate the determination of the admission of students in the student dormitory case study of male student dormitory “Negara Dipa Amuntai Malang,” based on 19 data by comparing the results of the expert assessment, the results of Fuzzy Tsukamoto calculation manually, and the results of Fuzzy Tsukamoto calculations automatically using a programmed system, has been tested to have a success accuracy level of 63.15% with sufficient predicate.</em></p><p> </p>

The Right to Self-Determination of Ethnic Groups: The Canton of Jura in Switzerland

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-269
Author(s):  
Tina Kempin Reuter
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
International Law ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Role Model ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Territorial Claims ◽  
The Right

The right to self-determination of peoples has become interconnected with the rights of ethnic groups, including the right to determine the group’s own affairs and to participate in the decision-making process of the state. This article argues that a “people-centred” understanding of the right to self-determination is evolving in international law in response to emerging claims of non-traditional non-state actors such as ethnic groups. The case study of the establishment and continuing negotiations over the boundaries of the canton of Jura in Switzerland serves as an illustration of such a “people-centred” approach to self-determination. Findings suggest that the approach taken by the Bernese and Jurassians can serve as a role model for other ethnic groups in constitutional democracies with territorial claims.

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