LUNG CANCER DIAGNOSIS: NON-INVASIVE AND INVASIVE METHODS

This article reviews the literature and summarizes single institution experience of applying different diagnostic algorithms for lung cancer. All diagnostic methods can be divided into three groups: non-invasive; minimally invasive and invasive. The non-invasive methods include clinical examination; imaging methods for anatomical, functional and multimodal visualization; sputum cytological, analysis of the exhaled breath, detection of various blood and sputum markers. Minimally invasive methods include endoscopy, percutaneous fine-needle and core-needle biopsy. Invasive methods include diagnostic thoracoscopy and laparoscopy, mediastinoscopy, parasternal mediastinotomy and diagnostic thoracotomy. While creating an individual diagnostic plan for each patient it is necessary to carefully analyze the effectiveness, safety, sensitivity, specificity and of different methods available among wide range of modern diagnostic techniques. Optimization of lung cancer diagnosis methods, which includes early cancer detection, is one of priority areas of modern oncology. Many aspects of this problem remain unresolved and require further research

Download Full-text

Non‐invasive lung cancer diagnosis by detection of GATA 6 and NKX 2‐1 isoforms in exhaled breath condensate

EMBO Molecular Medicine ◽

10.15252/emmm.201606382 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 1380-1389 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Aditi Mehta ◽

Julio Cordero ◽

Stephanie Dobersch ◽

Addi J Romero‐Olmedo ◽

Rajkumar Savai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Cancer Diagnosis ◽

Exhaled Breath Condensate ◽

Exhaled Breath ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Lung Cancer Diagnosis ◽

Breath Condensate

Download Full-text

Non-invasive lung cancer diagnosis by detection of GATA6 and NKX2-1 isoforms in exhaled breath condensate

10.1183/1393003.congress-2017.pa2033 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Guillermo Barreto ◽

Aditi Mehta ◽

Julio Cordero ◽

Stephanie Dobersch ◽

Addi J Romero-Olmedo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Cancer Diagnosis ◽

Exhaled Breath Condensate ◽

Exhaled Breath ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Lung Cancer Diagnosis ◽

Breath Condensate

Download Full-text

Early Detection of Lung Cancer Using Nano-Nose - A Review

The Open Biomedical Engineering Journal ◽

10.2174/1874120701509010228 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 228-233 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

M. P. Fernandes ◽

S Venkatesh ◽

B. G Sudarshan

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Gold Nanoparticles ◽

Early Detection ◽

Early Stage ◽

Diagnostic Technique ◽

Diagnostic Techniques ◽

Diagnostic Methods ◽

Screening Methods ◽

Exhaled Breath ◽

Non Invasive

Lung cancer is one of the malignancies causing deaths worldwide. The yet to be developed non-invasive diagnostic techniques, are a challenge for early detection of cancer before it progresses to its later stages. The currently available diagnostic methods are expensive or invasive, and are not fit for general screening purposes. Early identification not only helps in detecting primary cancer, but also in treating its secondaries; which creates a need for easily applicable tests to screen individuals at risk. A detailed review of the various screening methods, including the latest trend of breath analysis using gold nanoparticles, to identify cancer at its early stage, are studied here. The VOC based breath biomarkers are used to analyze the exhaled breath of the patients. These biomarkers are utilized by Chemiresistors coated with gold nanoparticles, which are found to be the most suited technique for early detection of lung cancer. This technique is highly accurate and is relatively easy to operate and was tested on smokers and non-smokers. This review also gives as an outline of the fabrication and working of the device Na-Nose. The Chemiresistors coated with Gold nanoparticles, show a great potential in being an non-invasive and cost-effective diagnostic technique for early detection of lung cancer.

Download Full-text

Diagnostic Value of Imaging Combined With Tumor Markers in Early Detection of Lung Cancer

Frontiers in Surgery ◽

10.3389/fsurg.2021.694210 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Su-Ju Wei ◽

Li-Ping Wang ◽

Jun-Yan Wang ◽

Jing-Xu Ma ◽

Feng-Bin Chuan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Early Detection ◽

Tumor Markers ◽

Cancer Diagnosis ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Diagnostic Methods ◽

Lung Cancer Diagnosis ◽

Early Lung Cancer ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

Objective: The objective of this research is to explore the diagnostic value of imaging plus tumor markers in the early detection of lung cancer.Methods: Sixty patients with lung cancer treated in our hospital from January 2018 to January 2019 were selected as group A. They were matched with 60 patients with benign lung disease as group B and 60 healthy subjects examined in our hospital as group C. The carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA), CYFRA21-1, and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) were assessed, and the diagnostic value of tumor markers plus imaging in lung cancer diagnosis was explored.Results: The CEA, CYFRA21-1, and NSE in group A were evidently superior to those in groups B and C, and those in group B were superior to those in group C (all P < 0.001). CEA had the highest sensitivity (56.7%), and NSE had the highest specificity (93.3%). The tumor markers plus imaging had the highest sensitivity for different types of lung cancer, and the sensitivity to early lung cancer (90%) was superior to other diagnostic methods (P < 0.05).Conclusion: The tumor markers plus imaging is of great significance in early lung cancer diagnosis and provides a reference for judging the pathological classification.

Download Full-text

miRNAs as Non-Invasive Biomarkers for Lung Cancer Diagnosis

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules19068220 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 19 (6) ◽

pp. 8220-8237 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Paola Ulivi ◽

Wainer Zoli

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Cancer Diagnosis ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Lung Cancer Diagnosis

Download Full-text

COMBINED DIAGNOSTICS OF LUNG CANCER USING EXHALED BREATH ANALSYSIS AND SPUTUM CYTOLOGY

Problems in oncology ◽

10.37469/0507-3758-2020-66-4-381-384 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 66 (4) ◽

pp. 381-384

Author(s):

A. Arseniev ◽

A. Nefedova ◽

A. Ganeeva ◽

A. Nefedov ◽

S. Novikov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Breath Test ◽

Early Stage ◽

Breath Analysis ◽

Diagnostic Techniques ◽

Cancer Diagnostics ◽

Exhaled Breath ◽

Sputum Cytology ◽

Exhaled Breath Analysis ◽

Sensitivity Specificity

In this article we summarize our own experience of lung cancer diagnostics using exhaled breath analysis with a non-selective method using metal oxide chemoresistor gas sensors with cross-sensitivity combined with the sputum cytology. Volatile organic compounds of exhaled breath change the conductivity of the sensor, the resulting pulse is displayed as a peak on the graph, the area of which is used as test results. The combination of two diagnostic techniques in 204 participants demonstrated the possibility of non-invasively detecting the disease at an early stage. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the breath analysis was 91.2%, 100% and 93.4%, respectively. The combination of the breath test and the sputum cytology compared to the breath test alone showed statistically significant (p = 0.03) increase in sensitivity to 96.8% (95% CI: 80.9% -99%) with acceptable decrease in specificity to 93.4% (95% CI: 88% -96%). The convenience of analysis and realtime measurements show some promise for the early detection.

Download Full-text

Collateral effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on lung cancer diagnosis in Korea

BMC Cancer ◽

10.1186/s12885-020-07544-3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ji Young Park ◽

Ye Jin Lee ◽

Taehee Kim ◽

Chang Youl Lee ◽

Hwan Il Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Cancer Diagnosis ◽

Rapid Progression ◽

Lung Cancers ◽

The Past ◽

Lung Cancer Diagnosis ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Wide Range ◽

Collateral Effects ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic is predicted to significantly affect patients with lung cancer, owing to its rapid progression and high mortality. Studies on lung cancer diagnosis and treatment during an epidemic are lacking. We analyzed the impact of COVID-19 on lung cancer diagnosis in Korea, where lung cancer incidence continues to rise. Methods The number of newly diagnosed lung cancer cases in three university-affiliated hospitals during the pandemic and their clinical features were compared with lung cancer cases diagnosed during the same period in the past 3 years. The effectiveness of measures taken by the study hospitals to prevent nosocomial transmission was reviewed. Results A total of 612 patients were diagnosed with lung cancer from February through June, 2017–2020. During the pandemic, the number of patients who sought consultation at the division of pulmonology of study hospitals dropped by 16% from the previous year. Responding to the pandemic, the involved hospitals created physically isolated triage areas for patients with acute respiratory infection symptoms. Wide-range screening and preventive measures were implemented, thus minimizing the delay in lung cancer diagnosis. No patient acquired COVID-19 due to hospital exposure. The proportion of patients with stage III–IV non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) significantly increased (2020: 74.7% vs. 2017: 57.9%, 2018: 66.7%, 2019: 62.7%, p = 0.011). The number of lung cancers diagnosed during this period and the previous year remained the same. Conclusions The proportion of patients with advanced NSCLC increased during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Download Full-text