scholarly journals Haemobaphes disphaerocephalus sp.n. (Copepoda : Lernaeoceridae) from the gill cavity of Thaleichthys pacificus (Richardson, 1836) (Osmeridae)

1976 ◽  
Vol 06 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jadwiga Grabda
Keyword(s):  
Gill Cavity

The Emperor’s Cadlina, hidden diversity and gill cavity evolution: new insights for the taxonomy and phylogeny of dorid nudibranchs (Mollusca: Gastropoda)

2020 ◽  
Vol 189 (3) ◽  
pp. 762-827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Korshunova ◽  
Karin Fletcher ◽  
Bernard Picton ◽  
Kennet Lundin ◽  
Sho Kashio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family System ◽  
Ancestral State ◽  
Japanese Species ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Gill Cavity ◽  
Cavity Evolution ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Dorids are one of the largest nudibranch groups, encompassing more than 2000 species. One of the crucial problems with tracing the evolution of dorids is the relationship between cryptobranch dorids (gill cavity present) and phanerobranch dorids (gill cavity absent). Integrative morphological and molecular studies of the enigmatic Japanese dorid species of the cryptobranch genus Cadlina, C. japonica and ‘C.’ sagamiensis, which were collected by the Emperor of Japan (Shōwa era), are presented here for the first time. It is shown that while C. japonica does belong to the Cadlina clade, another Japanese species ‘C.’ sagamiensis is not part of the cryptobranch dorids of the family Cadlinidae, but is related to both the phanerobranch dorid family, Hexabranchidae, and to the cryptobranch family Cadlinellidae stat. nov. A new genus, Showajidaia gen. nov., and new family, Showajidaiidae fam. nov., are proposed for ‘C.’ sagamiensis, and four new species of the genus Cadlina are described based on a dorid-wide molecular phylogenetic analysis, which is the first substantial update of the dorid family system since 2010. Integration of phylogenetic data with an ontogenetic model of dorid evolution suggests that cryptobranch organization can be most reliably assessed as the ancestral state for the majority of dorids.

Commensalism between a liparid fish, Careproctus sp., and the lithodid box crab, Lopholithodes foraminatus

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 555-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex E. Peden ◽  
Cathryn A. Corbett
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Host Specificity ◽  
Fish Eggs ◽  
Gill Cavity ◽  
Paralithodes Camtschatica

Fish eggs containing Careproctus embryos were found in the gill cavity of Lopholithodes foraminatus caught off British Columbia. Because the gills were collapsed and displaced, thus implying impaired respiration for the crab, we consider this fish–crab association to be commensal rather than symbiotic. The embryos are probably those of C. melanurus. Because of previous reports of other Careproctus sp. depositing eggs in king crabs (Paralithodes camtschatica), further investigations to indicate the host specificity of this liparid–lithodid relationship are needed.

The function of the ventral velum during gill irrigation in Rana catesbeiana

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 1179-1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman Gradwell
Keyword(s):  
Direct Observation ◽  
Rana Catesbeiana ◽  
Buccal Cavity ◽  
Maximum Volume ◽  
Gill Cavity ◽  
Valvular Function

The direct observation of the ventral velum in normally breathing tadpoles confirms earlier evidence for a valvular function of this structure during inspiration. The ventral velum also acts as a hydrofoil during expiration and as a mucus-secreting surface for the entrapment of suspended food particles.As the volume of water pumped per irrigation cycle is normally less than the maximum volume of the buccal cavity, it is unnecessary for the pharynx also to become filled with inspired water during the sinking of the buccal floor. Therefore the ventral velum's cyclic occlusion of the buccal cavity from the pharynx is no handicap to normal irrigation; on the contrary, it is a prerequisite for the efficiency of the pharyngeal pump.The dorsal velum does not participate in valvular activity, but deflects the respiratory current downward and inward to the gill cavity via gill clefts 2, 3, and 4. Therefore the strong flow pumped into the pharynx by buccal compression is prevented from impinging directly on the ciliated groove behind the dorsal velum and thereby interfering with the transport of food into the esophagus.

scholarly journals Anphira branchialis GEN. ET SP. NOV. (CRUSTACEA, ISOPODA, CYMOTHOIDAE) A GILL CAVITY PARASITE OF PIRANHAS (Serrasalmus SPP.) IN THE BRAZILIAN AMAZON

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 297-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vernon E. THATCHER
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Lamellar Structures ◽  
Gill Filaments ◽  
Mandibular Palp ◽  
Lateral Margins ◽  
Gill Cavity ◽  
Amazonas State

Anphira branchialisgen. et sp. nov. (Crustacea, Isopoda, Cymothoidae) is described from the dorsal areas of the gill chambers of three species of piranhas (Serrasalmusspp.). The fishes were caught in rivers near Manaus, Amazonas State and on Maracá island, Federal Territory of Roraima, Brasil. The new genus and species is characterized by having large, flat coxal plates on ail 7 pereonites. These plates usually extend beyond the margins of the following segments and the 7th ones extend nearly to the pleotelson and cover the lateral margins of the pleonites. The mandible of this species is rounded, "foot shaped" and without incisor. The mandibular palp is short and stout. The maxillules have 3 terminal and 2 subterminal spines. The pleopods are simple lamellar structures with rounded tips. Evidence is presented that these parasites feed on gill filaments.

Survival of Steelhead Trout (Salmo gairdneri) Eggs, Embryos, and Fry in Air-Supersaturated Water

1978 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan V. Nebeker ◽  
James D. Andros ◽  
Joel K. McCrady ◽  
Donald G. Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Fish Culture ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Gas Bubble ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Steelhead Trout ◽  
Gas Saturation ◽  
Gas Bubble Disease ◽  
Gill Cavity

Egg, embryo, fry, and swim-up stages of steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri) were exposed to water at total gas saturation levels ranging from 130 to 115%. Eggs, embryos, and newly hatched fry were not affected at 126.7%, but at about day 16 posthatch when the fish began swimming up deaths occurred rapidly, and at the end of the test post button-up mortality ranged from 99% at 126.7% saturation to 45% at 115.3% saturation. Bubbles in the mouth, gill cavity, and yolk sac caused flotation and severe respiratory difficulties. Rupture of yolk-sac membranes also caused death. No differences were noted in survival between fish exposed from egg to fry, and those exposed only from swim-up to fry stage. In summary, there were differences in susceptibility among steelhead life stages to air-supersaturated water; eggs, embryos, and pre-swim-up larvae were more resistant than swim-up and later fry stages. Key words: trout, steelhead, supersaturation, gas-bubble disease, Salmo gairdneri, temperature, fish culture

Description of the first cryptobranch onchidoridid Onchimira cavifera gen. et sp. nov., and of three new species of the genera Adalaria Bergh, 1879 and Onchidoris Blainville, 1816 (Nudibranchia: Onchidorididae) from Kamchatka waters

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2159 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALEXANDER MARTYNOV ◽  
TATIANA KORSHUNOVA ◽  
NADEZHDA SANAMYAN ◽  
KAREN SANAMYAN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
Kamchatka Peninsula ◽  
Intraspecific Variations ◽  
Gill Cavity ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
A New Species

The opisthobranch fauna of the SE Kamchatka peninsula (NW Pacific, Russia) has been intensively investigated for the first time resulting in 21 species found, and six new records for Kamchatka. A unique onchidoridid species with a well defined, closeable gill pocket into which gills can be fully retracted, and which does not fit with any existing genus is described as Onchimira cavifera gen. et sp. nov. in anatomical detail. Onchimira cavifera is remarkable in that it combines characteristic features of cryptobranch dorids with those of phanerobranch onchidoridids. Its role as a missing link and new evidence for evolutionary reduction of the gill cavity within phanerobranch dorid lineages is discussed. In addition, two new species of the genus Adalaria, A. slavi sp. nov. and A. olgae sp. nov., are described based on numerous newly collected specimens showing little intraspecific variations, but clear differences to all previously described Adalaria species. A review of the presently known Adalaria species including SEM data of the radula and labial cuticle is presented in order to highlight differences among the newly discovered taxa. A new species of the nudibranch genus Onchidoris, O. macropompa sp. nov., is described. A comparative table of all presently known Onchidoris species is presented.

Gill irrigation in Rana catesbeiana. Part II. On the musculoskeletal mechanism

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 501-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman Gradwell
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Rana Catesbeiana ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Gill Cavity ◽  
Initial Depression ◽  
Bullfrog Tadpole ◽  
Narrow Opening

The jaw and hyoidean movements and the activity of certain of the muscles which cause these movements have been correlated with hydrostatic pressures in the irrigation system of the bullfrog tadpole. The jaws are capable of three modes of expression: narrow opening, wide opening, and protrusion. During inspiration the initial depression of the buccal floor is passive; active depression occurs near the end of the inspiration phase.Water flows continuously from the gill cavity and is most effusive at the onset of inspiration. Intermittent variations in the amplitude of irrigation result from natural and experimental irritation of the gill cavity. These variations, or hyperirrigations, are correlated with the activity of special muscle fibers, called fibrillic fibers, in the H1c, H2a, H3a, and B4 muscles. The respective contributions to rhythmic irrigation of the alternating buccal and pharyngeal pumps depend on ambient temperature. An auxiliary branchial force pump behind the gill clefts is powered by the H3a muscle in the soft opercular skin.

Hydrostatic pressures during normal ventilation in the bullfrog tadpole

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1169-1174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman Gradwell ◽  
Valerie M. Pasztor
Keyword(s):  
Buccal Cavity ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Compression Stroke ◽  
Pressure Pump ◽  
Pharyngeal Pressure ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Gill Cavity ◽  
Valvular Function ◽  
Bullfrog Tadpole ◽  
Normal Ventilation

A detailed description of the water flow through the ventilation system of the bullfrog tadpole has been facilitated by recording the time dependence of normal hydrostatic pressures in the system. The mouth and nasal intakes are discontinuous but a pharyngeal pressure pump to support the buccal pressure pump has been found to assist in maintaining a flow through the gill cavity. The alternate action of these pumps drives water into the gill cavity during almost the entire ventilation cycle and owes its efficiency to the occlusion between the buccal cavity and pharynx during the compression stroke of the pharyngeal pump. The need for a valvular function of the ventral velum has thus been demonstrated as it is the only structure between the buccal cavity and pharynx which can effect such cyclic occlusion.

scholarly journals Rearing of Bitterling (Rhodeus amarus) Larvae and Fry under Controlled Conditions for the Restitution of Endangered Populations

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3534
Author(s):  
Roman Kujawa ◽  
Przemysław Piech
Keyword(s):  
Larval Development ◽  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Secondary Sexual Characteristics ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
Sexual Characteristics ◽  
Spawning Behaviour ◽  
Gill Cavity ◽  
Embryonic And Larval Development

Among the several dozen European freshwater fish species, only European bitterling (Rhodeus amarus Bloch) and Rhodeus meridionalis belong to the group of ostrakophilous fish. The embryonic and larval development of the fish in this reproductive group until the time of the yolk sac resorption takes place in the gill cavity of river mussels (Anodonta sp. or Unio sp.). This paper presents the results of the European bitterling Rhodeus amarus being reared under controlled conditions. Bitterling larvae were caught together with river mussels in the natural environment and subsequently placed in a tank for behavioural observations. Bitterling larvae were seen swimming in the water within a week of placing the bivalves under controlled conditions. The bitterling larvae were 8.6 ± 0.11 mm long when they started to swim actively. The rearing was conducted in water at 20 and 26 ± 0.5 °C and lasted for 6.5 months (200 days) in both variants. Initially, the larvae were fed with live nauplii of Artemia salina and subsequently with fodder. The bitterlings in tanks with water at 26 ± 0.5 °C were 66.2 ± 3.0 mm long and weighed 3389 ± 548 mg. For comparison, bitterlings kept in water at 20 ± 0.5 °C were 64.48 ± 3.4 mm long and weighed 3242 ± 427 mg. No larval malformities or mortality were observed during the larvae and fry rearing. The bitterlings had well-developed secondary sexual characteristics and exhibited pre-spawning behaviour at the end of the rearing. This produced suitable bitterling stocking material to be used in the conservation of small or endangered populations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document