scholarly journals UN MODELO NUMÉRICO PARA LA ADMINISTRACIÓN SUSTENTABLE DE LAS PESQUERÍAS

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
E. A. Chávez -Ortíz
Keyword(s):  
Fishing Effort ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Maximum Sustainable Yield ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Fishing Season ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio

La evaluación de las pesquerías es a menudo problemática debido a que los parámetros de las poblaciones explotadas son poco conocidos o desconocidos. La mayoría de las evaluaciones se limitan al aspecto biológico, ignorando en la mayoría de los casos los aspectos económicos y sociales de la pesca. Los resultados de las evaluaciones tienen en cuenta los datos facilitados por el usuario, lo que debería ser una imagen precisa del aspecto socio-económico del caso de estudio. Así, en la actualidad se utiliza esta información para producir resultados que describen las consecuencias más probables después de cualquier cambio en la estrategia de manejo que se proponga. La evaluación de las poblaciones mediante el modelo FISMO (FIsheries Simulation MOdel) se basa en los principios generales de la evaluación de recursos pesqueros y se realiza con datos históricos de la captura en toneladas de peso fresco. Así, con el propósito de formular mejores opciones de administración, se realizó un meta-análisis de dato para evaluar el desempeño de las pesquerías con base en este modelo de simulación. En cada una de dichas opciones se utilizan datos históricos de la captura y los valores de los parámetros de población. Los costos asociados y los beneficios económicos de cada pesquería son tomados como referencia para el análisis bio-económico. El modelo propuesto permite la prueba de tantas posibilidades de explotación como la pesca y los datos lo permitan, en un ejercicio de programación dinámica que puede proporcionar respuestas a preguntas lógicas como ¿Qué pasará con la biomasa del stock y del rendimiento económico si la talla de primera captura se incrementa? ¿Cuáles serán las consecuencias biológicas y económicas si se duplica el esfuerzo de pesca? ¿Cuál es el esfuerzo máximo que puede soportar la pesquería y dejar de ofrecer beneficios de por lo menos el 10 por ciento por encima de los costos? y ¿Cuáles son las expectativas económicas de la próxima temporada si aumenta el costo de los combustibles en una proporción determinada? A numeric model for the sustainable management of fisheries Usual management targets of many fisheries worldwide are addressed to maintain exploitation at fishing intensities required for the maximum sustainable yield (FMSY). However, variability induced by climate variability and economic forces, often lead to over exploitation. Traditional assessment procedures are limited to the assessment of the biological aspect of fisheries and the socio-economic and social aspects of fishing activities are generally ignored; however, this is an economic activity and in contrast, stakes holders ignore the stock dynamics pursuing economic benefits only. This imposes a gap in the knowledge required for a complete management process. The FISMO is an assessment and management tool that allows forecasting the most likely outcome after the application of any feasible management decision by changing F and the age of first catch (tc). It uses as input historic records of catch data, parameters of the von Bertalanffy growth model, and of the length-weight. Also, socio-economic variables of the last fishing season, such as the number of boats, length (days) of the fishing season, and number of fishers per boat. The model outputs of any target are catch, stock biomass, fishing effort, economic returns, benefit/cost ratio, number of boats, number of fishers and number of fishing days. FMSY , FMEY, and B/C at the economic equilibrium level are found combining F and tc and many management options, useful for planning and co-management, with very reasonable accuracy, can be chosen without compromising the sustainability of the fishery. The software is user-friendly and can be adapted to practically any fishery.

scholarly journals KAJIAN PERIKANAN TANGKAP IKAN JULUNG-JULUNG (Hyporhamphus affinis) DI PERAIRAN KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN SANGIHE

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julius F Wuaten ◽  
Emil Reppie ◽  
Ivor L Labaro
Keyword(s):  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Coral Cover ◽  
Maximum Sustainable Yield ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Sustainable Yield ◽  
Live Coral ◽  
Fishing Season ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Maximum Effort ◽  
Benefit Cost

ABSTRACTThe objective of this research was to predict maximum sustainable yield of garfish resources in the waters of Sangihe Islands District; to analyze the fishing season of garfish; to map the location of coral reef expected to be a breeding ground of garfish; and to assess the biological, economic, social and environmental aspects of garfish in Sangihe Island district. Garfish maximum sustainable yield was calculated at about 70 tons/year with a maximum effort of 3,613.71 trips. Fishing season of garfish was very dependent on wind direction and speed throughout the year. The percentage of live coral cover at a depth of 5 meters was 56.16-70.17% and a depth of 3 meters was 44.33-83.75%. The ratio of male and female sexes was 35.92-64.07%. Based on length-weight analysis of the garfish growth was classified allometric with a length of 16.7-20.7 cm and weighs between 35-55 g. The financial analysis of garfish fisheries in this area showed that the of Benefit Investment ratio was 1.19 and the Benefit Cost ratio was about 0.94.ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memprediksi pemanfaatan maksimum sumberdaya lestari pada ikan julung-julung di perairan Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe; untuk menganalisis musim penangkapan ikan tersebut, memetakan lokasi terumbu karang diharapkan dapat menjadi tempat berkembang biak dari julung-julung, serta menilai aspek biologi, ekonomi, sosial dan lingkungan di kabupaten Pulau Sangihe. Pemanfaatan maksimum sumberdaya lestari ikan julung-julung dihitung sekitar 70 ton/tahun dengan upaya maksimal 3.613,71 trip. Musim penangkapan garfish sangat tergantung pada arah dan kecepatan angin sepanjang tahun. Persentase penutupan karang hidup pada kedalaman 5 meter adalah 56,16-70,17% dan kedalaman 3 meter adalah 44,33-83,75%. Rasio jenis kelamin jantan dan betina adalah 35,92-64,07%. Berdasarkan analisis pertumbuhan panjang-berat garfish diklasifikasikan alometrik dengan panjang 16,7-20,7 cm dan berat antara 35-55 g. Hasil analisis keuangan perikanan garfish di Sangihe Kabupaten menunjukkan bahwa rasio Manfaat Investasi adalah 1,19 dan rasio Biaya Manfaat sekitar 0,94.

Increasing the Productivity and Profitability of Paddy through Front Line Demonstrations in Irrigated Agro Ecosystem of Kaymore Platue and Satpura Hills

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
DHANANJAI SINGH ◽  
A.K. PATEL ◽  
S.K. SINGH ◽  
M.S. BAGHEL
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Scientific Practices ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Sustainable Agricultural Practices ◽  
Improved Technology

Krishi Vigyan Kendra laid down Front Line Demonstration in the year 2010-11 and 2011-12 introducing new, high yielding and scented variety “Pusa Sugandha-3” and applying scientific practices in their cultivation. The FLDs were carried out in village “Dainiha” of Sidhi district in supervision of KVK scientist. The productivity and economic returns of paddy in improved technologies were calculated and compared with the corresponding farmer's practices (local check). Improved practices recorded higher yield as compared to farmer's practices. The improved technology recorded higher yield of 30.83 q/ha and 32.65 q/ha in the year 2010-11 and 2011-12, respectively than 22.13 and 24.21 q/ha. The average yield increase was observed 37.15 per cent. In spite of increase in yield of paddy, technology gap, extension gap and technology index existed. The improved technology gave higher gross return (37020 and 39180 Rs./ha), net return (16820 and 18920 Rs./ha) with higher benefit cost ratio (1.83 and 1.93) as compared to farmer's practices. The variation in per cent increase in the yield was found due to the poor management practices, lack of knowledge and poor socio economic condition. Under sustainable agricultural practices, with this study it is concluded that the FLDs programmes were effective in changing attitude, skill and knowledge of improved package and practices of HYV of paddy adoption.

scholarly journals Crop productivity as affected by fertilizer management options in Boro -T.aman cropping pattern at farmers' fields

1970 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-296
Author(s):  
M Akkas Ali ◽  
M Robiul Alam ◽  
MSH Molla ◽  
F Islam
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Plant Nutrient ◽  
Fertilizer Management ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio

The experiment was conducted at multilocation testing (MLT) site, Sujanagar, Pabna during the year of 2003-2004 to find out a soil test based economically viable fertilizer recommendation for the cropping pattern Boro-T. aman. Six treatments viz., moderate yield goal (MYG), high yield goal (HYG), integrated plant nutrient system (IPNS), recommended fertilizer of FRG' 97 (BARC) guide (RF), farmers' practice (FP), and absolute control were employed for the study. The grain yield of Boro and T. aman rice increased 18 and 14%, respectively, by IPNS compared to farmers' practice. Total grain yield of rice was increased by about 16% in the IPNS fertilizer package compared to farmers' practice. Fertilizer nutrients supplied both from organic and inorganic sources in adequate amount have a positive effect on productivity of soil. On an average it was found that highest grain yields of Boro rice (5.37 t/ha) and T. aman (4.49 t/ha) were obtained from integrated plant nutrient system (IPNS) where farmers’ practice gave yield of 4.55 and 3.94 t/ha. The highest average gross margin (70385 Tk./ha) and marginal benefit cost ratio (3.78) was also obtained from IPNS plots. Keywords: Crop productivity; fertilizer management; cropping pattern. DOI: 10.3329/bjar.v35i2.5892Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 35(2) : 287-296, June 2010

scholarly journals Potential returns to yam research investment in sub-Saharan Africa and beyond

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Djana Babatima Mignouna ◽  
Adebayo Akinboye Akinola ◽  
Tahirou Abdoulaye ◽  
Arega D Alene ◽  
Victor Manyong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Severe Problem ◽  
Adoption Of Technology ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Knowledge Intensive

Lack of good-quality planting materials has been identified as the most severe problem militating against increased agricultural productivity in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and beyond. However, investment of research efforts and resources in addressing this menace will only be feasible and worthwhile if attendant economic gains are considerable. As a way of investigating the economic viability of yam investment, this research has been initiated to address problems confronting yam productivity in eight countries of SSA and beyond: Nigeria, Ghana, Benin, Togo, Côte d’Ivoire, Papua New Guinea, Jamaica, and Columbia. Research options developed were to be deployed and disseminated. Key technologies include the adaptive yam minisett technique (AYMT), varieties adapted to low soil fertility and drought, nematode-resistant cultivars (NRC), and crop management and postharvest practices (CMPP). This article aims at estimating the potential economic returns, the expected number of beneficiaries, and poverty reduction consequent to the adoption of technology options. Estimates show that the new land area that will be covered by the technologies in the eight countries will range between 770,000 ha and 1,000,000 ha with the highest quota accounted for by AYMT. The net present value will range between US$584 and US$1392 million and was highest for the NRC. The CMPP had the lowest benefit-cost ratio of 7.74. About 1,049,000 people would be moved out of poverty by these technologies by 2037 in the region. These technologies are less responsive to changes in cost than that in adoption rate. Therefore, the realization of the potential economic gains depends on the rate and extent of adoption of these technologies. Giving the knowledge-intensive nature of some of these interventions, capacity building of potential adopters will be critical to increasing the sustainability of the yam sector, thereby enhancing food security and reducing poverty.

Who Gains from and who Pays for Channel Deepening?

2005 ◽  
Vol 1909 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Grigalunas ◽  
James J. Opaluch ◽  
Young Tae Chang
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
The State ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Net Benefits ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Benefits And Costs

Port dredging to accommodate larger vessels can create substantial national economic benefits. However, how affected individual states fare economically with dredging is often unclear and can be an important issue. The benefits and the costs to Delaware residents of dredging—with the recent proposed deepening of the Delaware Bay and River main federal channel as a case study—are examined. Benefits include ( a) lower transportation costs that residents might receive on imported goods, ( b) profits that residents would realize if cost savings (e.g., on refinery products) were not passed forward to Delaware users, ( c) project costs that residents would bear as federal taxpayers, and ( d) benefits that residents would realize if the use of dredged sediments for planned beach renourishment created savings to the state. Sensitivity analyses are used to reflect uncertainty in outcomes. The estimated net present value to Delaware today of all future annual quantifiable benefits and costs ranges between $15,528,393 and $14,195,700 over 50 years at 5.875%. Stated another way, the quantified net benefits for Delaware imply a benefit-cost ratio between 2.07 and 1.89. Hence, for every dollar of the $7.5 million that Delaware would pay as a nonfederal cosponsor, estimated quantifiable net benefits to the state are $2.07 to $1.89. Some benefit and cost estimates are vehemently debated between interested parties, and not all benefits and costs can be quantified.

scholarly journals Increasing potato equivalent yield increases returns to investment under potato-legume intercropping systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 623-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harun I Gitari ◽  
Shadrack O Nyawade ◽  
Solomon Kamau ◽  
Charles K. K Gachene ◽  
Nancy N Karanja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Pure Stand ◽  
Lablab Purpureus ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Returns To Investment ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Equivalent Yield

AbstractIn order to enhance sustainable intensification of potato-based cropping systems, especially in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), there is a need to investigate the economic viability of investing in this lucrative venture. This study evaluated the economic returns under legume intercropping systems using value/cost ratio (VCR) and benefit/cost ratio (BCR) under treatments comprising of potato intercropped with dolichos (Lablab purpureus L.) (P-D), climbing bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) (P-B) and garden pea (Pisum sativum L.) (P-G), and a potato pure stand control (P-S). Across the seasons, tuber yield was not significantly (p < 0.05) affected by intercropping with P-D, whereas under P-B and P-G, it decreased by 19% and 16%, respectively compared to P-S. P-G, P-B and P-D recorded 6, 7 and 12% higher potato equivalent yield (PEY) relative to P-S. P-D was the most profitable intercropping system with VCR of 35 and BCR of 5.1 as compared to values recorded in P-S of 31 and 5, respectively. Regression of VCR against PEY resulted in a stronger coefficient (0.98) compared to that of BCR against PEY (0.82) implying that VCR is a simple tool that could be adopted for economic returns to investment studies such as potato-legume inter-cropping systems.

scholarly journals Management options for the Blackwater herring, a local spring-spawning stock in the Thames Estuary

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz A. Roel ◽  
Carl M. O'Brien ◽  
Marinelle Basson
Keyword(s):  
Fishing Effort ◽  
Current Approach ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Trawl Survey ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Fishing Season ◽  
Thames Estuary ◽  
Spawning Stock ◽  
Management Advice ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Herring caught in the Thames Estuary sustain a small local commercial fishery (peak catch of 606 t during the 1972–1973 fishing season). Loss of local consumers' interest in the herring product has resulted in a gradual decline in catches and fishing effort for the stock. The stock is assessed using an age-structured model that relies on the information provided by a scientific trawl survey, and management advice is provided before the fishing season starts in October. Given its current low economic value, managers have requested evaluation of options for multi-annual Total Allowable Catches (TACs) in an attempt to reduce the frequency (and costs) of assessment and associated management advice. A tentative relationship between sea surface temperature and recruitment is used to predict the impact of increasing sea temperatures on future recruitment in the context of global warming. Hypotheses of auto-correlation and of an environmental effect on recruitment, together with trends in weight-at-age and the overestimation of spawning-stock biomass, form the basis for sensitivity tests of the management options considered. Implementation of a 3-year fixed TAC with 40% constraint in TAC variability and a slight reduction in target F would seem appropriate for the stock, given that it is within safe biological limits and compares well in terms of yield and risk with the current approach of annual TAC revision.

scholarly journals Precipitation Enhancement Experiments in Catchment Areas of Dams: Evaluation of Water Resource Augmentation and Economic Benefits

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 3730
Author(s):  
Bu-Yo Kim ◽  
Joo Wan Cha ◽  
Woonseon Jung ◽  
A-Reum Ko
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Effective Area ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Seomjin River ◽  
Precipitation Enhancement

This study calculated the augmentation of water resources that can be achieved through precipitation enhancement and the ensuing economic benefits by conducting precipitation enhancement experiments using atmospheric aircraft in the catchment areas of 21 multipurpose dams in Korea. The maximum number of precipitation enhancement experiments to be carried out was estimated based on the frequency of occurrence of seedable clouds near each dam, using geostationary satellite data. The maximum quantity of water that can be obtained was calculated considering the mean precipitation enhancement and probability of success, as determined from the results of experiments conducted in South Korea during 2018–2019. The effective area of seeding was assumed 300 km2. In addition, the amount of hydroelectric power generation possible was determined from the quantity of water thus calculated. In conclusion, it was established that an approximate increase of 12.89 million m3 (90% confidence interval: 7.83–17.95 million m3) of water, and 4.79 (2.91–6.68) million kWh of electric power generation will be possible through approximately 96 precipitation enhancement operations in a year at the catchment area of Seomjin River (SJ) dam which has a high frequency of occurrence of seedable clouds, a large drainage area, and a high net head. An economic benefit of approximately 1.01 (0.61–1.40) million USD can be anticipated, the benefit/cost ratio being 1.46 (0.89–2.04).

Evaluating the Effect of Seaweed Formulations on the Quality and Yield of Sugarcane

2017 ◽  
Vol 104 (4 - 6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gomathi R ◽  
◽  
Kohila S ◽  
Ramachandiran K
Keyword(s):  
Foliar Application ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Cane Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Spad Value

 The effect of seaweed formulations on the growth and development, quality and yield response of sugarcane variety Co 86032 was evaluated by conducting field experiment. The results of the study indicated that the foliar application of seaweed formulations with different concentrations significantly improved the plant height, LAI, SPAD value and total dry matter production (TDMP), yield and yield components compared to control plants. Among the seaweed extract formulations tested, LBS 6 @ one ml/L recorded significantly higher plant growth parameters, yield attributes and cane yield (161 t. ha-1) compared to other treatments studied. It was found that sugarcane cane yield was increased significantly by 22.2 % over control. This treatment also recorded higher economic returns (Rs. 2,38,300. ha-1) and benefit cost ratio (2.08).

Economic analysis of an areawide program for biological control of the alfalfa weevil

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 173-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. White ◽  
P.G. Allen ◽  
L.J. Moffitt ◽  
P.P. Kingsley
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Biological Pest Control ◽  
Alfalfa Weevil ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
Benefit Cost

AbstractAn areawide program for biological control of the alfalfa weevil showed expected economic benefits of $2.2 billion, expressed in present value terms. Alfalfa producers and consumers of livestock products are the main beneficiaries. The control program was highly successful, with a benefit/cost ratio of about 91. Not all areawide biological pest control programs will be as successful; a benefit-cost analysis like the one described here should be performed before areawide control is initiated to identify programs expected to provide economic benefits.

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