scholarly journals Different Activities in the Same Task: An Activity theory Approach to ESL Students’ Writing Process

2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachiko Yasuda

This study offers some insights into the writing process of ESL students in a natural academic context. The theoretical framework used in this investigation is activity theory, which emphasizes the sociocultural and historical nature of the learning environment in determining the way students interpret the task requirements and the way they behave. Two major data sources were utilized: all the drafts students had written until they completed the final version, and retrospective interviews on students’ perception of their revision behaviors. While the analyses of drafts produced at different stages focus on how students go about writing, their previous writing experiences compiled through interviews, help explain why students act the way they do. The results showed that different activities were underway even though all of the participants were engaged in the same task. They also illustrated that students’ beliefs about academic writing, which were shaped through their previous experiences, determined the nature of their activities during the writing process. 本研究は、日本人学習者による英語での文章作成過程を検証する。分析のための理論的枠組として「活動理論(Activity Theory)」を使用し、同じ作文課題(task)に取り組む学習者が作成過程において、どの程度異なる活動(activity)に従事しているかを明らかにする。文章作成過程を知るために学習者が作成した複数の原稿をすべて回収し、一度書いたものを学習者がどのように推敲したかを分析した。その直後にインタビューを行い、推敲の際に何を考えたか、文章のどのような要素を改善しようとしたかについて質問した。分析の結果、分かったことは以下の2つである。(1)学習者はそれぞれ異なる点に推敲の焦点を当てており、それに従って異なる推敲の方法を採用していた。(2)各学習者によって異なる文章作成過程がとられていたが、それには各学習者の過去の経験とそれに基づいた学習者の作文に対するビリーフ(belief)が大きく関与していた。つまり、学習者はそれぞれが過去の経験を通して築き上げてきたビリーフに基づいて、それぞれ異なる目標を設定し、それに向かって作文活動を展開したのである。この結果は、教室内で同じ課題に取り組む学習者は必ずしも同じ活動に従事しているとはいえないことを示唆している。

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Galtung ◽  
Cathinka Dahl Hambro ◽  
Solveig Kavli

This roundtable addresses how three Norwegian writing centres – in different stages of their establishment and settled within different constitutional frames – handle staff policy and aims to facilitate academic writing to their main users; students and PhD candidates. We will structure the discussion around four main themes that we juggle in our daily work:  Using strategic plans to promote academic writing development and student throughput Co-creating learning activities with and for MA students Keeping up with the Library and Faculty Strengthening and further developing academic writing in Higher Education Attendees at the roundtable will be invited to discuss and participate in a dialogue on the way in which writing centres can improve the students’ and PhD candidates’ writing process; why we find teaching and preaching academic writing to be an important skill, and how we can co-create learning activities in libraries and writing centres with academic staff and students. We will also discuss the issue of legitimacy, and  what it takes to move writing centre activities from the periphery to the centre of the institution and its pedagogical mission. The audience will leave with ideas and inspirations on how to facilitate and build good writing centres in collaboration between staff, librarians and experienced students.


Author(s):  
Seongyong Lee

This study investigated how three Korean ESL students constructed their writer identity in narrative and argumentative genres of writing. For this purpose, the qualitative data collected from interviews, observations and written documents for eight weeks were analyzed according to a social constructionist perspective as a philosophical framework and Ivanič’s approach to systemic functional linguistics as an analytic method. The results showed that the participants constructed a confident identity in narrative writing whereas they identified themselves with a less-confident writer in an argumentative genre. Accordingly, they adopted different strategies for the difficulties they were confronted with in two genres. In addition, while narrative essays showed their ownership of Korean culture as a sojourner in the U.S., argumentative essays revealed their ambivalent identity in an academic context. These findings shed light on the importance of a narrative writing task as a stepping stone for academic writing by empowering an L2 writer in terms of constructing an authoritative voice.Keywords: L2 writing, writer identity, genre-based writing


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Galtung ◽  
Solveig Kavli ◽  
Dina Møll Schoder ◽  
Marianne Tønnesen

This roundtable addresses how two Norwegian writing centres –in different stages of establishment and settled within different constitutional frames –handle staff policy and aim to facilitate academic writing to their target group and main users, namely the students.We will structure the discussion around four main themes that we juggle in our daily work: 1.Using strategic plans to promote academic writing development and student throughput 2.Co-creating learning activities with and for MA students 3.Keeping up with the Library and Faculty 4.Strengthening and further developing academic writing in HE Attendees at the roundtable will be invited to discuss and participate in a dialogue on the way in which writing centres can improve the students’ writing process; why we find teaching and preaching academic writing to be an important skill, and how we can co-create learning activities in libraries and writing centres with academic staff and students. We will also touch on the issue of legitimacy, and how writing centre activities can be moved from the periphery to the centre of the institution and its pedagogical mission. The audience will leave with ideas and inspirations on how to facilitate and build good writing centres in collaboration between staff, librarians and experienced students.


MIS Quarterly ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Chen ◽  
◽  
Raj Sharman ◽  
H. Raghav Rao ◽  
Shambhu J. Upadhyaya ◽  
...  

Modern Italy ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osvaldo Croci ◽  
Sonia Lucarelli

The international role and status of Italy among international powers has been an issue of debate in both the political and the academic context. What has never been systematically investigated is the way in which other powers with which Italy interacts in institutional contexts perceive Italy and its international role. It is the aim of this special issue to provide an overview of how Italy is perceived abroad. This introduction explains why it is worth looking at international images of Italy, and sums up the findings of the research project.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Holly McLeod

<p>Education is good for development. This positive relationship between education and development is often stated without challenge, resulting in education being posited at the forefront of global development strategies. Yet, within the subject of Development Studies, postdevelopment theorists have questioned the very basis of ‘development’, not only its definition but also the inherent assumption that it is necessarily desirable and positive. Instead, they point to examples such as Buen Vivir and argue that we should explore different ways of conceptualising what is a good life.  The present research has sought to examine the way the Pasifika community in Wainuiomata, Aotearoa perceives and engages with education to fulfil its own vision of development. Some 30 research participants contributed their valuable time and energy to this project through semi-structured interviews, offering insight into their own educational experiences and aspirations. Through employing a methodological approach informed by the ethos of talanoa and participatory research, this research has privileged the narratives of participants, giving voice to their experiences within an academic context.  This research has identified that while the experiences of these families within Aotearoa’s education system have been frustrating and challenging, such adversity has not served to disenfranchise Pasifika families from engaging within this educational system. Rather, it has served as motivation to create better educational experiences for youth in this community today. Furthermore, the vision of development aspired toward by this community is one that draws both similarities and contrasts with mainstream conceptions of development. The existence of alternative conceptions of development supports post-development’s call for development practise to examine local context and community aspirations, and to value community knowledge and action. In examining the way this community has engaged with education to progress their own vision of development, it was found that Pasifika families in Wainuiomata are taking ownership of their own development, and are actively involved in creating better educational outcomes for their youth.</p>


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Borg ◽  
Marie-Louise Eriksson

Librarians and writing tutors in higher education are working intensely to teach information literacy to students. But the extent to which this work is done collaborative or separately differs greatly between the universities. •How can we facilitate collaborative learning on questions regarding the teaching of academic information literacy? •How do we relate this teaching to various national and international frameworks and guidelines? •How do we find new ways and methods for writing tutors and librarians to work together? •Is it possible to create a platform to facilitate the exchange of ideas and tools? These are some of the questions that led us to start this project: to develop an open web course on student learning of information literacy in higher education. But instead of targeting students in higher education the target group for this course is librarians and writing tutors at Swedish universities. The project is funded by the Swedish library Association.The purpose of the course is to: •Place information literacy in an academic context, where academic writing is included together with information seeking, referencing, plagiarism etc. •Develop national cooperation on issues related to the teaching of information literacy and academic writing •To facilitate online peer learning between collegues on issues related to teaching information literacy and academic writing •Develop a platform for sharing experiences regarding tools and methods The participants will get the opportunity to participate in workshops and PBL-inspired group work on themes regarding the teaching of information literacy in higher education. In this way we hope to facilitate a creative and collaborative learning environment. The first iteration of the course will take place April-May 2021. This presentation will be about the development of the course and what we have learned so far.


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