scholarly journals Characteristics Of Articulate Syndrome In Patients With Reactive Arthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 179-182
Author(s):  
Khalmetova F.I. ◽  
◽  
Akhmedov K.S. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Arthritis ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Individual Therapy ◽  
Early Biomarkers ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Active Search ◽  
Adequate Therapy

In many countries and in our country reactive arthritis (RA) is a topical rheumatologic problem requiring early and individual therapy. Recently in the diagnostics of RA there is an active search of early biomarkers (BM) of articulate structures damage, which provide revealing of the symptoms of lesion of articulate soft tissues elements at the early stages of the disease. It can also help to assess the stage of lesion and prognosis of the disease. Later it will assist to prescribe adequate therapy according to the stage of the pathological process and perform monitoring of the therapy [1].

scholarly journals Regulation of mineralisation in bone and vascular tissue: a comparative review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucie E Bourne ◽  
Caroline P Wheeler-Jones ◽  
Isabel R Orriss
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Signalling Molecules ◽  
Normal Bone ◽  
Comparative Review ◽  
Systemic Factors ◽  
Bone Mineralisation ◽  
Opposing Effects ◽  
Arterial Medial Calcification

Biomineralisation, the deposition of mineral onto a matrix, can be both a physiological and pathological process. Bone formation involves the secretion of an extracellular matrix (ECM) by osteoblasts and subsequent mineralisation of that matrix. It is regulated by a number of local and systemic factors and is necessary for maintenance of normal bone health. Conversely, mineralisation (or calcification) of soft tissues, including the vasculature, is detrimental to that tissue, leading to diseases such as arterial medial calcification (AMC). The mechanisms underlying AMC development are not fully defined, though it is thought that vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) drive this complex, cell-mediated process. Similarly, AMC is regulated by a variety of enzymes and molecules, many of which have already been implicated in the regulation of bone mineralisation. This review will provide an overview of the similar, and sometimes opposing effects of these signalling molecules on the regulation of bone mineralisation and AMC.

Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen (SCC), Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA), and Tumour-Associated Trypsin Inhibitor (TATI) for Monitoring Head and Neck Cancer

1993 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Pectasides ◽  
J. Bourazanis ◽  
N. Economides ◽  
P. Pozadzidou ◽  
L. Gogou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Recurrent Disease ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Tumour Marker ◽  
Individual Therapy ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Low Sensitivity

Eighty-eight patients with head and neck cancer were prospectively monitored, before and after treatment, by means of simultaneous serum SCC, CEA and TATI measurements. Thirty-two (36.6%) patients had early stages (I, II, III) and 56 (63.4%) advanced (stage IV) or recurrent disease. Pre-treatment serum SCC levels were elevated in 20.4% of patients, CEA in 27.2% and TATI in 4.5%. There was no correlation between the incidence of TATI elevation and tumour burden; this marker did not increase with progressing disease stages. CEA and SCC had low sensitivity in the early stages of head and neck cancer and reached 35.7% (20/56 patients) and 25% (14/56 patients) in stage IV or recurrent disease. Despite the low sensitivity of these tumour markers, there was a correlation between tumour marker levels and the course of the disease. This study indicates that the routine assessment of SCC, CEA and TATI serum levels is of no value. However, it can be used as a potential tool for monitoring the efficacy of individual therapy in both early and advanced stages of head and neck cancer.

scholarly journals A Case of Surgical Extraction of the Lower Third Molars in a Cranial Series from the Pucará de Tilcara Fortress (Jujuy Province, Argentina)

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-156
Author(s):  
A. V. Zubova ◽  
O. L. Pikhur ◽  
A. V. Obodovskiy ◽  
A. A. Malyutina ◽  
L. M. Dmitrenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Stone Tool ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Dental Surgery ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Surgical Extraction ◽  
Ct Analysis ◽  
The Right

This study analyzes the earliest known case of surgical extraction of the lower third molars, observed in a cranial series from Pucará de Tilcara fortress (15th–16th centuries AD), northwestern Argentina, excavated in 1908–1910. Crania were transported to the Kunstkamera in 1910 under an exchange project. Traces of dental surgery were registered in the mandible of a male aged ~40. Both third molars had been extracted after the removal of soft tissues and parts of the alveoli. Teeth were extracted by scraping alveolar walls with semicircular movements. The results of scanning electron microscopy, X-ray fluorescence, and X-ray microanalysis suggest that a stone tool was used. The results of macroscopic and CT analysis suggest that the surgery was motivated by the exacerbation of chronic periodontal disease and probably by caries. The left third molar was extracted without complications 2–3 months before the individual’s death. On the right side, the pathological process continued, culminating in osteomyelitis and its complications. The surgeon’s skill notwithstanding, the extraction of the right third molar did not cure the patient, who died, apparently following the destructive stage of acute osteomyelitis complicated by orofacial phlegmon. Our findings suggest that the level of dental surgery practiced in the Inca Empire was ahead of the diagnostic expertise.

scholarly journals POTENTIALS OF MODERN ULTRASOUND TECHNIQUES IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-146
Author(s):  
Yu. Yu. Liashko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Axial Skeleton ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Instrumental Methods ◽  
Early Psoriatic Arthritis

Psoriatic arthritis is a heterogeneous disease characterized by the involvement of the axial skeleton and peripheral joints and / or entheses in the pathological process. The problems of diagnosing early psoriatic arthritis are not limited to the heterogeneity of clinical manifestations of the disease. Unlike rheumatoid arthritis, there are no biomarkers for the detection of early psoriatic arthritis, and therefore verification of the diagnosis depends on the identification of specific clinical signs. Finally, the absence of psoriasis in the presence of typical clinical signs of arthritis does not permit to confirm the diagnosis in the early stages. Considering numerous difficulties of clinical and laboratory diagnostics of psoriatic arthritis, great attention is paid to non-invasive instrumental methods for diagnosing the disease at early stages. The article provides up-to-date information on the potentials of ultrasound techniques in the diagnosis of early psoriatic arthritis.

scholarly journals COMBINED IMPACTION AUTOPLASTY OF THE FEMORAL HEAD IN THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH EARLY STAGES OF ASEPTIC NECROSIS

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
DS S Kudashev ◽  
SD D Zuev-Ratnikov ◽  
IS S Shorin
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
New Method ◽  
Harris Hip Score ◽  
Aseptic Necrosis ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Functional Capabilities ◽  
Results Of Treatment

Aseptic necrosis of the femoral head refers to the number of severe, rapidly progressing destructive-dystrophic hip joint lesions. In the overwhelming majority of cases, the disease develops in young and most active age group. In the absence of necessary treatment, the result of the disease is the early disability retirement with the need for radical reconstructive interventions on the joint. The use of modern diagnostic methods makes it possible to detect the beginning of the pathological process in the femoral head in the early stages and to conduct the most effective treatment of patients of this category. Aim - to improve the results of treatment of patients with early stages of aseptic necrosis of the femoral head due to the development and introduction into clinical practice of a new method of combined impaction autoplasty of the femoral head. Materials and methods. A new method of combined impaction autoplasty of the femoral head was used, including decompression, intraosseous resection and excision of the focus of osteonecrosis followed by combined autoplasty of the postresection defect (RF patent No. 2583577 dated 13.04.2016). Intraosseous resection of the focus of destruction of the femoral head was performed with the help of a specially developed device - milling cutters for bone tissue resection (RF patent for utility model No. 171951 dated 21.06.2017). Evaluation of the effectiveness of the treatment was carried out on the basis of the severity of the pain syndrome and functional capabilities of patients defined by the Harris scale (Harris Hip Score). Results. The analysis of the medium-term results of the conducted treatment showed that good results were obtained in 67.4% of cases in which the proposed method was used.

scholarly journals RADIO-FREQUENCY WAVE APPLICATION IN ESTHETIC SURGERY OF HEAD AND NECK

2008 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
Vukoje Novak
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Wave Form ◽  
Esthetic Surgery ◽  
Frequency Wave ◽  
Radio Frequency Wave

Introduction: Four-megahertz radiowave surgery is a relatively new technology usage of which rapidly expands reaching superior results compared to other surgical techniques. Radiosurgery is an atraumatic metod of cutting and coagulation of soft tissues that uses optimal low heat 4.0 MHz source for numerous plastic,esthetic and cosmetic interventions which reguires surgical precision, penetration control and low temperature. This technology allows us to simultaneously cut and coagulate the tissue with minimal lateral tissue alteration, without burning damage and with better wounds healing.This mode is used by the author in high vascularity anatomical areas and for the deeper tissue of the head and neck. The pure cutting wave-form is ideal for skin excision with otoplasty and blepharoplasty when we expect ideal esthetic result. Coagulation is obviously paramount for any surgeon and can make the difference between a good and poor result. When he coagulates tissues in the head and neck, the surgen is frequently close to significant structures such as nerves and vessels which we must protect. Ellman Sugitron 4.0 offers great advantages. One of the stronges point of the Ellman system is the large array of specialized electrodes. By bending the malleable electrodes we can use them at any angle or even around corners. Material and Methods: The Author has done surgical procedures on over 600 patients using this technique on different esthetic problems with satisfying results. In operative material dominate various skin growths (hemangioma, fibroma, naevus, wart) blepharoplasy, otoplasty, rhinoplasty and other minor surgical procedures. Interventions were done in local anesthesy. The aim of this work is to present our observations about radioablation in heterogenous pathological process on head and neck based of our own experience. Results: Our results show that this technology have great advantage over other techniques (scalpel, electrocouter, laser) from which the most important are simultaneous cutting and coagulation,coagulation in liquid medium, minimal termal damage of latteral tissues, faster healing of wounds with excellent cosmetic results. If we want surgery without cut,cut without scar, Ellman Sugitron is the best choice.

scholarly journals Systemic Amyloidosis: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (24) ◽  
pp. 68-76
Author(s):  
N.V. Bakulina ◽  
◽  
A.S. Nekrasova ◽  
A.Ya. Gudkova ◽  
E.L. Latariya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Systemic Amyloidosis ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Current State ◽  
Late Initiation

This review is devoted to the current state of the problem of diagnosis of systemic amyloidosis at the outpatient stage and in a multidisciplinary hospital. The article summarizes the existing information about the variants of the clinical course and provides current methods of verification of this disease. In systemic amyloidosis, the involvement of different systems and organs in the pathological process, the variety of clinical manifestations and nonspecific complaints of the patient in the early stages of this disease often lead to untimely establishment of the correct diagnosis and late initiation of treatment, worsening the prognosis and posing a significant threat to the life of the patient. Early diagnosis of systemic amyloidosis allows the patient to start treatment on time and increases the chances of success

Significance of Perinatal Anamnesis for Determination of Treatment Plan and Subsequent Neurological Prognosis for Children with Anomaly Chiari 1

10.12737/4998 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
Козлитина ◽  
T. Kozlitina ◽  
Глаголев ◽  
Nikolay Glagolev
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Neurological Status ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Spine Injury ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
And Function ◽  
Conservative And Surgical Treatment

The injuries of the cervical spine injury craniovertebral transition, involving in pathological process of vertebral arteries or the spinal cord can cause obstetric benefits as pathological and normal birth. In this article the authors evaluate the effects generic posttraumatic changes soft tissues of the cervical spine in the development of vascular disorders in the field craniovertebral transition. For this study, 112 patients with Chiari anomaly 1, received conservative and surgical treatment, were ex-amined. Children from 2 to 18 years were divided into two groups: the 1st group - children (55 patients) without surgical treatment, and the 2nd group of children after decompressive trepanation about Chiari anomaly 1. Common neurological status, anatomy and function of blood vessels at the level craniovertebral transition were assessed in all children. Perinatal anamnesis, including: cesarean section, rapid delivery, entanglement neck child´s umbilical cord, and use of obstetric benefits in the form of application of forceps and receive «squeezing», was studied. Changes in the normal course of delivery, pointing to birth trauma level craniovertebral transition were noted in 96 patients (85,7%). This fact may have prognostic value in the treatment and follow-up care of children with Chiari anomaly 1.

scholarly journals The role of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of malignant bone neoplasms. Current state of an issue

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
A. I. Valeev ◽  
A. A. Malov
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Articular Surface ◽  
Bone Neoplasms ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Matrix Mineralization ◽  
Cortical Destruction

The review article is about clinical experience in the use of modern tomographic methods (magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and X-ray computed tomography (CT)) in the diagnosis and assessment of the progression of malignant bone neoplasms, summarizing the results of the largest studies demonstrating the comparative characteristics of the methods. Numerous data demonstrate high sensitivity of MRI and form the following diagnostic tasks that can be solved by this method: the involvement degree of soft tissues in the pathological process, damage to the neurovascular bundle, the articular surface, assessment of the extent of tumor in the bone marrow canal. At the same time, CT shows a higher sensitivity in assessing cortical destruction and the degree of matrix mineralization. The article discusses the variety of program sequences and modes of MRI scanning, the prospects of the method in assessing the prevalence, staging, and differential diagnosis of bone tumors.

scholarly journals Fournier’s Gangrene: the Criteria for Diagnosis, Prognostic Factors, Complications and Mortality

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-164
Author(s):  
Andrew Vladimirovich Prokhorov
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Fournier’S Gangrene ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Fournier's Gangrene ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Prognostic Criteria ◽  
Complications And Mortality

The early diagnosis, prognosis, complications and mortality Fournier’s gangrene (FG) are discussed. The terms pre-hospital period with FG is amount of 8.0 ± 5.2 days. Cases of misdiagnosis are observed in 70% in the early stages of FG due to nonspecific clinical and laboratory picture, lack of awareness and alertness of doctors. Early diagnosis of FG is based on clinical and laboratory data of the picture. In order to timely diagnosis of FG is used scale laboratory indicators of necrotizing fasciitis (LRINEC), allowing suspect FG in doubtful cases. In diagnostically unclear cases FG used radiation methods. At the slightest suspicion on the FG made explorative operation, including express biopsy of soft tissues. The differential diagnosis is carried out in the early stages of FG with acute diseases anogenital region and is rarely used. As a prognostic criteria discussed the patient's age, the presence and nature of comorbid diseases, severity of the condition, the hospital admission dates, duration of preoperative period, necrosis area, metabolic parameters, the amount of remedial necrectomy, antibiotic regimen, hyperbaric oxygen therapy. For the systematic evaluation of the severity of the patient's condition and prognosis use different scoring systems. Many of the proposed prognostic criteria are controversial. The favorable prognosis in FG is entirely dependent on early diagnosis and timing of emergency surgery. Sepsis and its complications are the main causes of deaths. Mortality in the FG has been a steady downward trend, and is 22.3 ± 8.8%. Prevention of the FG is a timely treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases of the urinary organs and their complications.

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