scholarly journals Journey From Central Asia To Mecca In The 19th Century: Roads And Conditions (Based On Muntahab Ut-Tawarikh)

2020 ◽  
Vol 02 (11) ◽  
pp. 350-355
Author(s):  
Guldona Mamanovna Tanieva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
History Of ◽  
Central Route ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Southern Route

It is known that in the XVI-early XX centuries there were three main routes from Central Asia to Mecca - the northern route through the territory of the Russian Empire, the southern route through India and the central route through Iran. It is through these routes that a number of works dedicated to the memories of the pilgrimage by some pilgrims who have made the pilgrimage have come down to us. They contain very valuable information about the history of the pilgrimages of the peoples of Central Asia, the ways of pilgrimage and the conditions in them.

scholarly journals The influence of the Italian vocal school on the professional formation of Ukrainian singers (the end of the XVIII – the beginning of the XIX century)

2021 ◽  
pp. 219-225
Author(s):  
Maryna Rossikhina
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
New Era ◽  
Italian Opera ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Opera Singers ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The 19Th Century

The purpose of the article is to study the influences of the Italian vocal school, the traditions of Italian opera performance on the professional development of Ukrainian singers in this period. Methodology. Analysis was carried out on the basis of such methods as historical and chronological to study trends and patterns of Ukrainian music at the end of the 17th – the beginning of the 19th century, analytical – for a comprehensive consideration of the influence of Italian culture on the emergence of opera in East Slavic areas, source – for elaboration and analysis of sources, bio-bibliographic – for studying creative biographies of artists, the method of systematization – for the reduction of all found facts to a logical unity. Scientific novelty. By studying the creative biographies of prominent Ukrainian musicians (M.Berezovsky, D.Bortnyansky, M.Ivanov, S.Gulak-Artemovsky) for the first time the Italian pages of their creative biography were systematized, new facts were introduced into scientific circulation, which allow to clarify the contribution of Italian vocal culture in the development of the Ukrainian opera school at the initial stage of its formation. Conclusions. The interest of the Russian Empire in Western European, especially Italian, opera led to the rapid development of a new era in the history of musical theater in the East Slavic territories. Internships of Ukrainian musicians in Italy, invitations of Italian artists, composers, vocal teachers to the Russian Empire, joint performances on stage with foreign singers give grounds to assert the influence of the Italian vocal school on the skills of Ukrainian opera singers of the end of the 18th – the beginning of the 19th century and laying of the fundamental foundations for the development of the Ukrainian vocal school.

Chinese emigration to Russia from the middle of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (01) ◽  
pp. 109-120
Author(s):  
Cheng Hong ◽  
Wang Xu
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Qing Empire ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Late Qing ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article examines the key problems of the history of Chinese emigration to Russia from the middle of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century. It is shown, that, for a number of reasons, the Russian Empire became one of the important channels of emigration from the late Qing Empire. The conclusion is substantiated, that, in the presence of political migrants, for example, from among the Dungan rebels, the main reason for attracting a large number of Chinese to Russia was purely economic, not political factors.

scholarly journals The debate on the publishing of the memoirs of Mikhail Muravyov and its impact on the development of the historiography of the 1863–1864 Uprising

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-175
Author(s):  
D. Ch. Matveichyk
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
Heated Debate ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Source Study ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century

The Uprising of 1863–1864 is one of the most controversial issues in Belarusian history of the period when Belarus was a part of the Russian Empire. This issue started being controversial in the 19th century; one of the important reasons for discussions was the source study factor. One of the most commonly used sources on the events of 1863–1864 was the memoirs of the Vilna Governor-General Mikhail Muravyov, published in the Russian Antiquity (Russkaya Starina) magazine. They sparked heated debate among historians and publicists; the subject of the debate was numerous cases of biased interpretation of historical facts by M. Muravyov; self-glorification and lies. Such figures as Mikhail Semevsky (the publisher of the memoirs); Nikolai Berg; Yevgeniy Karnovich; Pyotr Valuev; Sergei Yuzhakov; Alexandr Pavlov; Ivan Aksakov; Alexandr Mosolov and others were the participants of the discussion. In general; the participants were divided into two groups – critics and supporters of Muravyev. The firsts sought; based on the critic of the Muravyov postulates; to reveal the distortions and to present more objective picture of what had been happening; the seconds supported and justified everything that had been written in every possible way. The discussion confirmed the presence in the Russian historiography of the polar views and assessments of M. Muravyov as a person and as a statesman in the position of the Governor-General of Vilna; as well as attracted additional attention of historians to the issue of the Uprising in general.

scholarly journals Правовой и религиозный авторитет в концепции иджтихада у Марджани

Islamology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Nathan Spannaus
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Ural Region ◽  
Islamic History ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Legal Methodology ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Volga Ural Region

In the history of Islamic thought in the Russian Empire, Shihabaddin Mardjani’s (1818-1889) call for ijtihad is well-known, but often misunderstood as a form of radical modernization. In fact, Mardjani’s understanding of ijtihad, as evident in his important Arabic works, does not differ significantly from the conception of ijtihad that predominated in the post-classical period of Islamic history (13th-19th cent.). This article addresses in detail Mardjani’s stance on ijtihad and its religious and legal premises, from the perspective of its broader context in the middle of the 19th century, specifically the changes to the structure of Islamic institutions in the Volga-Ural region and the weakening of the religious authority of the ulama. I argue that although Mardjani’s stance was shaped by this context, it is nevertheless based on maintaining the legal methodology of the Hanafi school (madhhab) and scholars’ role as religious interpreters.

Šihāb al-Dīn al-Marǧānī on the Divine Attributes: A Study in Kalām in the 19th Century

Arabica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Spannaus
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Divine Attributes ◽  
Islamic Theology ◽  
Divine Essence ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Ontological Relationship

In the late 18th and early 19th centuries, very vibrant debates regarding the question of the divine attributes (ṣifāt), one of the central issues in the history of Islamic theology, arose among the Muslims of the Russian Empire. A continuation of pre-existing debates taking place at the time in Central Asia, the controversy over the attributes revolved around the question of their ontological relationship to the divine essence (ḏāt), and whether the predominant view, that of Saʿd al-Dīn al-Taftāzānī, rendered the attributes too distinct from the essence, thus violating God’s oneness. One very prominent participant was the Tatar scholar Šihāb al-Dīn al-Marǧānī (d. 1889), who crafted a sophisticated critique of Taftāzānī and articulated a novel view of the attributes, based on the work of another Tatar scholar, Abū Naṣr Qūrṣāwī (d. 1812). This paper argues that not only do these debates show the continuation of the kalām tradition into the modern era, but they also represent important developments of that tradition in their own right, against the view that post-classical theology had become repetitive and derivative.

scholarly journals К вопросу присоединения Средней Азии к России (обзор некоторых башкирских письменных источников второй половины XIX в.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1234-1242
Author(s):  
Minlegali Kh. Nadergulov ◽  
◽  
Ilshat S. Igdavletov
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Ethnic Composition ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Federal Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century

Introduction. The article studies southeastern policies of the Russian Empire in the second half of the 19th century, its campaigns and the annexation of Central Asia. Goals. The work analyzes reasons for the activation of foreign policy in the region during the mentioned period. The course and goals of the conquest of the Khanates of Kokand and Khiva, Emirate of Bukhara are considered. Materials. The paper investigates data contained in reports by the State Councilor М. Bekchurin, and one more document ― Arabic-script travel records (manuscript) by a private soldier Husniyar currently stored at the Manuscript Collection of the Institute of History, Language and Literature (Ufa Federal Research Centre of the RAS) and for the first time studied as a historical source. Results. Messages about the beauty of Eastern cities and Asian wealth had long attracted attention of Russian monarchs. Finally, Russia’s attempts to penetrate into Central Asia were crowned with success. In just two decades, the vast country further extended its borders far to the south and became a neighbor of another one ― the British Empire. Nowadays, the study of the history of establishing relations with Kazakhstan and Central Asia, when the southeastern borders of Russia almost returned to those of the early 18th century, is relevant and practically expedient. Reports by State Councilor M. Bekchurin reveal the economic objectives of the government: Russian industry and trade were looking for new markets for their products. So, M. Bekchurin gives his suggestions how to facilitate the growth of trade. The manuscript of Husniyar’s travel notes contains observations of an ordinary soldier, his attitude and experience as a Muslim in the campaign against his co-religionists. The source makes it possible to present the set and route of one military formation. Both the documents provide an opportunity to depict this region in the late 19th century. Currently, there are independent countries across this territory with different state borders, and the ethnic composition of many settlements has changed significantly.

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