scholarly journals Nanoreactors for green catalysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 716-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Teresa De Martino ◽  
Loai K E A Abdelmohsen ◽  
Floris P J T Rutjes ◽  
Jan C M van Hest

Sustainable and environmentally benign production are key drivers for developments in the chemical industrial sector, as protecting our planet has become a significant element that should be considered for every industrial breakthrough or technological advancement. As a result, the concept of green chemistry has been recently defined to guide chemists towards minimizing any harmful outcome of chemical processes in either industry or research. Towards greener reactions, scientists have developed various approaches in order to decrease environmental risks while attaining chemical sustainability and elegancy. Utilizing catalytic nanoreactors for greener reactions, for facilitating multistep synthetic pathways in one-pot procedures, is imperative with far-reaching implications in the field. This review is focused on the applications of some of the most used nanoreactors in catalysis, namely: (polymer) vesicles, micelles, dendrimers and nanogels. The ability and efficiency of catalytic nanoreactors to carry out organic reactions in water, to perform cascade reaction and their ability to be recycled will be discussed.

2007 ◽  
Vol 79 (11) ◽  
pp. v
Author(s):  
James R. Bull

IUPAC's initiatives and publications have been closely identified with green chemistry over the past several years. However, a significant milestone was reached in a project on Synthetic Pathways and Processes in Green Chemistry, chaired by Prof. Pietro Tundo (University of Venice), as a first IUPAC undertaking devoted exclusively to the theme of green chemistry. This culminated in publication of a Special Topic issue of Pure and Applied Chemistry [Pure Appl. Chem.72 (7), (2000); <http://www.iupac.org/publications/pac/2000/7207>], which attracted an exceptionally high level of readership interest and has hitherto accumulated a record number of nearly 900 citations. Indeed, one of the papers published in that collection, Ionic Liquids: Green Solvents of the Future, by M. J. Earle and K. R. Seddon (The Queen's University of Belfast) [Pure Appl. Chem.72 (7), 1391 (2000)], boasts no fewer than 349 citations (recorded on 30 April 2007)!Shortly thereafter, Prof. M. Kidwai and his colleagues at the University of Delhi launched an IUPAC-sponsored International Symposium on Green Chemistry in January 2001 [Pure Appl. Chem.73 (1), (2001); <http://www.iupac.org/publications/pac/2001/7301>], and have since organized a sequel in 2006 [Pure Appl. Chem.78 (11), (2006); <http://www.iupac.org/publications/pac/2006/7811>]. The record of that first event focused strongly on insights into green catalysis and methodology, and also has the distinction of heading the citation record for PAC event collections in 2001. Later in 2001, the Conference on Green Chemistry: Toward Environmentally Benign Processes and Products was held in Boulder, Colorado, under the guidance of Drs. D. L. Hjeresen and P. T. Anastas [Pure Appl. Chem.73 (8), (2001); <http://www.iupac.org/publications/pac/2001/7308>]. This was the 14th of the CHEMRAWN series, an acronym for CHEMistry Research Applied to World Needs, that is most aptly served by this important collection of works, dealing with a range of policy, educational, and research and development issues around the title topic.Although the foregoing publication projects are explicitly identified with green chemistry, the theme features repeatedly in numerous papers arising from other IUPAC-sponsored events in recent years, or underpins other disciplinary themes, for example, in the Special Topic collection devoted to Electrochemistry and Interfacial Chemistry for the Environment [Pure Appl. Chem.73 (12), (2001); <http://www.iupac.org/publications/pac/2001/7312>]. This trend is destined to continue, and is perhaps symptomatic of growing social responsibility in current research and development. Furthermore, it demonstrates that IUPAC has an ongoing role to play in fostering activities that fulfil its commitment to shaping and serving the chemical sciences in the interests of societal upliftment and progress.It is thus fitting that the Union should now take the initiative to regularize its role in promoting green chemistry, through a series of biennial conferences. It is equally appropriate to highlight the published record of the 1st International Conference on Green-Sustainable Chemistry as a Special Topic feature of PAC, in recognition of the topicality of this authoritative and representative collection of papers.James R. BullScientific Editor


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liman Hou ◽  
Marta Dueñas-Diez ◽  
Rohit Srivastava ◽  
Juan Perez-Mercader

<p></p><p>Belousov-Zhabotinsky (B-Z) reaction driven polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA), or B-Z PISA, is a novel method for the autonomous one-pot synthesis of polymer vesicles from a macroCTA (macro chain transfer agent) and monomer solution (“soup”) containing the above and the BZ reaction components. In it, the polymerization is driven (and controlled) by periodically generated radicals generated in the oscillations of the B-Z reaction. These are inhibitor/activator radicals for the polymerization. Until now B-Z PISA has only been carried out in batch reactors. In this manuscript we present the results of running the system using a continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) configuration which offers some interesting advantages.Indeed, by controlling the CSTR parameters we achieve reproducible and simultaneous control of the PISA process and of the properties of the oscillatory cargo encapsulated in the resulting vesicles. Furthermore, the use of flow chemistry enables a more precise morphology control and chemical cargo tuning. Finally, in the context of biomimetic applications a CSTR operation mimics more closely the open non-equilibrium conditions of living systems and their surrounding environments.</p><p></p>


Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1097
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Hernández Fernández ◽  
Antonia Pérez de los Ríos

Sustainable chemical process engineering results from applying the principles of green chemistry or sustainable chemistry to chemical process engineering [...]


RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 5938-5950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abida Ashraf ◽  
Zahid Shafiq ◽  
Khalid Mahmood ◽  
Muhammad Yaqub ◽  
Waqar Rauf

An efficient and environmentally benign synthetic protocol has been developed for the synthesis of benzo[c]pyrazolo[2,7]naphthyridine derivatives through regioselective multi-component “on-water” reaction of isatin, malononitrile and 3-aminopyrazole.


2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-50
Author(s):  
M. Rana ◽  
A. Rahman ◽  
P. K. Roy ◽  
H. N. Roy

(S)-3-Methyl-1, 1-diphenylbutane-1, 2-diamine has been found to be a mild and effective organocatalyst for one-pot 4-components synthesis of 1, 2, 4, 5-tetra-substituted imidazoles. The key benefits of this protocol is high yielding, cost effectiveness, easy purification and above all, environmentally benign.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhra Sarkar ◽  
Siddharth Pandey

: Ionic Liquids (ILs) in their neoteric form have emerged to be a potential ‘green’ alternative of traditional Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) as solvents in different fields of industries and academia. Recent investigations on the development of multi-faceted applications of ionic liquids have revealed that they really stand for “environmentally-benign” solvents as far as their impact on the ecology is concerned. This caused them to be an exciting and lucrative subject to explore more and more, and many research groups are involved in the manifestation of their inherent undisclosed legacy. Recently, there has been a huge jump in search of an alternative to conventional metal catalysts in academia as well as in industries due to their pollution-evoking roles. Scientists have explored multiple numbers of homogeneous or heterogeneous mixtures of catalysts incorporating ionic liquids to reduce the extent of contamination in our global environment produced due to catalytic synthesis and chemical transformations. In this review, we have put our concentration on some beneficial and recently explored aspects of the successful implementation of Ionic Liquids in different forms in several fields of catalysis as a ‘green’ alternative catalyst/co-catalyst/solvent for catalysis to replace or minimize the lone and hazardous use of metal and metallic compounds as catalysts as well as chemicals like mineral acids or VOCs as solvents. Here, our study focuses on the inevitable role of ILs in several catalytic reactions like cycloaddition of CO2, electrolytic reduction of CO2, biocatalytic or enzymatic reactions, some of the important organic conversions, and biomass to biofuel conversion as catalysts, cocatalysts, catalyst activator, and solvents.


RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (105) ◽  
pp. 86179-86190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sagnika Pradhan ◽  
B. G. Mishra

A series of sulfate grafted Fe2O3–ZrO2mixed oxides (SFexZr) were prepared by urea hydrolysis method and studied as heterogeneous catalyst for synthesis of structurally diverse 1,8-dioxodecahydroacridines.


RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (57) ◽  
pp. 46074-46087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna Bosica ◽  
John Gabarretta

An environmentally benign, one-pot, A3-coupling reaction of various aldehydes, amines and terminal alkynes for the synthesis of propargylamine was catalysed by Amberlyst A-21 supported CuI, under heterogeneous and solvent-free conditions.


RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (57) ◽  
pp. 46415-46422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yogesh Kumar Tailor ◽  
Sarita Khandelwal ◽  
Yogita Kumari ◽  
Kamlendra Awasthi ◽  
Mahendra Kumar

An efficient, environmentally benign isocyanide-based domino protocol is presented for synthesizing spiroheterocycles with 2-amino benzothiazole/1,3,4-thiadiazole, cyclohexyl/tert-butyl isocyanides and isatines/cyclic carbonyls, catalyzed by recyclable nanocrystalline TiO2.


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