Foreword

2007 ◽  
Vol 79 (11) ◽  
pp. v
Author(s):  
James R. Bull
Keyword(s):  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Environmentally Benign ◽  
Special Topic ◽  
Sustainable Chemistry ◽  
Green Solvents ◽  
Interfacial Chemistry ◽  
Green Catalysis ◽  
High Level ◽  
The University

IUPAC's initiatives and publications have been closely identified with green chemistry over the past several years. However, a significant milestone was reached in a project on Synthetic Pathways and Processes in Green Chemistry, chaired by Prof. Pietro Tundo (University of Venice), as a first IUPAC undertaking devoted exclusively to the theme of green chemistry. This culminated in publication of a Special Topic issue of Pure and Applied Chemistry [Pure Appl. Chem.72 (7), (2000); <http://www.iupac.org/publications/pac/2000/7207>], which attracted an exceptionally high level of readership interest and has hitherto accumulated a record number of nearly 900 citations. Indeed, one of the papers published in that collection, Ionic Liquids: Green Solvents of the Future, by M. J. Earle and K. R. Seddon (The Queen's University of Belfast) [Pure Appl. Chem.72 (7), 1391 (2000)], boasts no fewer than 349 citations (recorded on 30 April 2007)!Shortly thereafter, Prof. M. Kidwai and his colleagues at the University of Delhi launched an IUPAC-sponsored International Symposium on Green Chemistry in January 2001 [Pure Appl. Chem.73 (1), (2001); <http://www.iupac.org/publications/pac/2001/7301>], and have since organized a sequel in 2006 [Pure Appl. Chem.78 (11), (2006); <http://www.iupac.org/publications/pac/2006/7811>]. The record of that first event focused strongly on insights into green catalysis and methodology, and also has the distinction of heading the citation record for PAC event collections in 2001. Later in 2001, the Conference on Green Chemistry: Toward Environmentally Benign Processes and Products was held in Boulder, Colorado, under the guidance of Drs. D. L. Hjeresen and P. T. Anastas [Pure Appl. Chem.73 (8), (2001); <http://www.iupac.org/publications/pac/2001/7308>]. This was the 14th of the CHEMRAWN series, an acronym for CHEMistry Research Applied to World Needs, that is most aptly served by this important collection of works, dealing with a range of policy, educational, and research and development issues around the title topic.Although the foregoing publication projects are explicitly identified with green chemistry, the theme features repeatedly in numerous papers arising from other IUPAC-sponsored events in recent years, or underpins other disciplinary themes, for example, in the Special Topic collection devoted to Electrochemistry and Interfacial Chemistry for the Environment [Pure Appl. Chem.73 (12), (2001); <http://www.iupac.org/publications/pac/2001/7312>]. This trend is destined to continue, and is perhaps symptomatic of growing social responsibility in current research and development. Furthermore, it demonstrates that IUPAC has an ongoing role to play in fostering activities that fulfil its commitment to shaping and serving the chemical sciences in the interests of societal upliftment and progress.It is thus fitting that the Union should now take the initiative to regularize its role in promoting green chemistry, through a series of biennial conferences. It is equally appropriate to highlight the published record of the 1st International Conference on Green-Sustainable Chemistry as a Special Topic feature of PAC, in recognition of the topicality of this authoritative and representative collection of papers.James R. BullScientific Editor

IUPAC-Zhejiang NHU International Award for Advancements in Green Chemistry

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-29
Keyword(s):  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Sustainable Chemistry ◽  
Green Solvents ◽  
Green Products ◽  
International Award ◽  
Renewable Feedstocks ◽  
Synthetic Routes ◽  
Green Catalysis

Abstract IUPAC and Zhejiang NHU have established a new collaborative award in Green Chemistry encouraging young and experienced chemists, and emphasizing the importance of advancements in Green Chemistry and the value of sciences to human progress. This newly established award covers all the topics of Green Chemistry, such as Green and Renewable Feedstocks, Green Synthetic Routes, Green Solvents, Green Catalysis, Green products, Green Energy, and as broadly defined by OECD as Sustainable Chemistry.

scholarly journals Nanoreactors for green catalysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 716-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Teresa De Martino ◽  
Loai K E A Abdelmohsen ◽  
Floris P J T Rutjes ◽  
Jan C M van Hest
Keyword(s):  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Environmentally Benign ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Polymer Vesicles ◽  
Key Drivers ◽  
Green Catalysis

Sustainable and environmentally benign production are key drivers for developments in the chemical industrial sector, as protecting our planet has become a significant element that should be considered for every industrial breakthrough or technological advancement. As a result, the concept of green chemistry has been recently defined to guide chemists towards minimizing any harmful outcome of chemical processes in either industry or research. Towards greener reactions, scientists have developed various approaches in order to decrease environmental risks while attaining chemical sustainability and elegancy. Utilizing catalytic nanoreactors for greener reactions, for facilitating multistep synthetic pathways in one-pot procedures, is imperative with far-reaching implications in the field. This review is focused on the applications of some of the most used nanoreactors in catalysis, namely: (polymer) vesicles, micelles, dendrimers and nanogels. The ability and efficiency of catalytic nanoreactors to carry out organic reactions in water, to perform cascade reaction and their ability to be recycled will be discussed.

Foreword

2000 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. iii
Author(s):  
Torbjörn Norin
Keyword(s):  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Sustainable Chemistry ◽  
Chemical Research ◽  
Chemical Safety ◽  
Modern Biology ◽  
Chemistry Research ◽  
Chemistry Division

Modern chemistry is one of the essential tools in pursuing better medical care, more efficient telecommunications and informatics, and increased agricultural production. However, certain chemicals produced and used in large quantities might cause various hazards in environmental sectors, owing to their global (trans-boundary) translocation, as well as their intrinsically hazardous properties. To reduce environmental risk of such chemicals, international regulatory measures have already been taken [e.g., in response to the initiatives of the Intergovernmental Forum in Chemical Safety (IFCS)], including legally binding implementations and national capacity building in developing countries. Herein lies the urgent need for promoting worldwide research into green chemistry (sustainable chemistry), in which the invention and application of chemical products and processes are designed to reduce or to eliminate the use and generation of hazardous substances.Indeed, green chemistry should encompass a variety of disciplines of fundamental chemistry in IUPAC, to encourage new trends of chemical research. Moreover, results of these researches could be effectively applied for solving environmental problems related to the production and use of chemicals and to create a new chemical industry in the future. As such, green chemistry research conforms completely to the mission-oriented activity of IUPAC to meet regulatory requirements for achieving environmentally sound management of chemicals. We sincerely hope that the present special issue highlighting the state of the art and future prospects of green chemistry research will encourage all chemists who intend to serve society through their research efforts.J. MiyamotoPast-President of IUPAC Chemistry and the Environment DivisionThe increasing knowledge in natural sciences and the application of this knowledge are the driving forces for the development and welfare of mankind. Chemistry plays a central role in this development. Chemistry provides the molecular understanding of physical properties of materials and other matters and thus closely interacts with physics. Chemistry also provides the molecular understanding of living systems and is the basis for modern biology and medicine. The development and opportunities of synthetic chemistry have opened a new dimension for tailor-made materials and compounds for specific purposes.The driving forces for developments in chemistry have been very strong, and there is a demand for new and efficient processes and chemicals. Aspects of sustainable and environmentally friendly processes and chemicals have sometimes been lagging behind this demand. Fortunately, chemistry also provides the tools for a green and sustainable development. Knowledge in this general area has to be integrated into the planning of all research and development in chemistry. There are specific research topics related to the development of green and sustainable processes, which need the input of new technology and novel chemistry. The present Symposium-in-Print provides an overview of recent research and development in the field. We hope that it will stimulate further activities in the field. It is planned as a first step in an IUPAC action on this subject. The IUPAC Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry Division is grateful to its Subcommittee on Organic Synthesis and particularly Professor Pietro Tundo for initiating and engaging in this action, and to him and Profs. David StC. Black and Sofia Memoli for editing the Symposium-in-Print.Torbjörn NorinPresident of IUPAC Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry Division

scholarly journals Solvents and sustainable chemistry

2015 ◽  
Vol 471 (2183) ◽  
pp. 20150502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Welton
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Supercritical Fluids ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Sustainable Chemistry ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Green Solvents ◽  
Chemical Production ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Selection Of

Solvents are widely recognized to be of great environmental concern. The reduction of their use is one of the most important aims of green chemistry. In addition to this, the appropriate selection of solvent for a process can greatly improve the sustainability of a chemical production process. There has also been extensive research into the application of so-called green solvents, such as ionic liquids and supercritical fluids. However, most examples of solvent technologies that give improved sustainability come from the application of well-established solvents. It is also apparent that the successful implementation of environmentally sustainable processes must be accompanied by improvements in commercial performance.

scholarly journals Preface

2012 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. vi ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Tundo
Keyword(s):  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Price Competition ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Special Topic ◽  
Sustainable Chemistry ◽  
International Conference ◽  
Underdeveloped Area ◽  
History Of ◽  
Fundamental Research ◽  
Topic Issue

The first Special Topic issue devoted to green chemistry was published in Pure and Applied Chemistry in July 2000 [Pure Appl. Chem.72, 1207-1403 (2000)]. Since then, three collections of works have been published, arising from the recently launched IUPAC series of International Conferences on Green Chemistry:- 1st International Conference on Green Chemistry (ICGC-1), Dresden, Germany, 10-15 September 2006: Pure Appl. Chem.79, 1833-2100 (2007)- 2nd International Conference on Green Chemistry (ICGC-2), Moscow, Russia, 14-20 September 2008: Pure Appl. Chem.81, 1961-2129 (2009)- 3rd International Conference on Green Chemistry (ICGC-3), Ottawa, Canada, 15-18 August 2010: Pure Appl. Chem.83, 1343-1406 (2011)This Special Topic issue forms part of the series on green chemistry, and is an outcome of IUPAC Project No. 2008-016-1-300: “Chlorine-free Synthesis for Green Chemistry” previously announced in Chemistry International, May-June, p. 22 (2011).The IUPAC Subcommittee on Green Chemistry was founded in July 2001 and has selected the following definition for green chemistry [1]: “The invention, design and application of chemical products and processes to reduce or to eliminate the use and generation of hazardous substances” [2].Much controversy persists about the appropriate terminology to describe this new field of research. Which term should be selected, “green chemistry” or “sustainable chemistry”? Perhaps consensus can be achieved if different purposes and interests of chemists are reconciled. If we are involved in fundamental research devoted to the discovery of new reaction pathways and reagents, “green” is the best word because it defines these intents, thus the term “green chemistry” would be the best name for this field of research. If we are interested in exploitation of a process or a product that must be profitable, then such chemical manufacture must be sustainable by many criteria (price, competition, profit, environment, etc.), and, accordingly, “sustainable chemistry” is the term that best defines this objective.This Special Topic issue has been designed with the intent to explore the restriction, or preferably prevention, of the use of halogenated compounds, whenever feasible, through the assembly and reporting of already identified information. This intent has been pursued through innovative synthetic pathways using clearly identified production drivers (e.g., energy consumption, environmental impact, economical feasibility, etc.). In past decades, scientific knowledge and feasible technologies were unavailable, but we now have enough expertise to pursue discontinuation of hazardous and toxic reagents. In fact, the replacement of reagents that are toxic, dangerous, and produced by eco-unfriendly processes is still an underdeveloped area of chemistry today.Pietro TundoProject Co-chair1. For a short history of green chemistry, see: P. Tundo, F. Aricò. Chem. Int.29(5), (2007).2. P. Anastas, D. Black, J. Breen, T. Collins, S. Memoli, J. Miyamoto, M. Polyakoff, W. Tumas, P. Tundo. Pure Appl. Chem.72, 1207 (2000).

Preface

2007 ◽  
Vol 79 (11) ◽  
pp. vi
Author(s):  
Pietro Tundo
Keyword(s):  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Product Evaluation ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Special Topic ◽  
Sustainable Chemistry ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Process Technology ◽  
Topic Issue

This Special Topic issue on green chemistry pursues the same objectives as the Special Topic issue published in July 2000 and can be considered as its continuation. The articles have been selected (with great difficulty) from the massive and valuable scientific contributions on green chemistry by numerous professors and researchers during the 1st International IUPAC Conference on Green-Sustainable Chemistry held 10-15 September 2006 (for more details on the conference, see Chemistry International, Vol. 29, No. 3, 2007).The wide selection of topics was chosen with the intent to attract industrial researchers and representatives, colleagues from universities, as well as politicians and students who are interested in green and sustainable chemistry.The week-long conference was divided into five topics, each of which included several subtopics. This special issue covers the following topics discussed during the conference:benign syntheses routes (heterogeneous catalysis, new reagents, and catalysis for degradation of pollutants);benign process technology (microwave technology, photochemistry, new regulation devices);use of renewable sources (starch, cellulose, sugar, new detergents, biomass technology); andfuture green energy sources (hydrogen technology, fuel cell technology, biodiesel).All the articles reported in this issue point out a general need for novel green processes which comes from a new paradigm in process and product evaluation that must include environmental and health issues (see Chemistry International, Vol. 29, No. 5, 2007). In order to reach this objective, one priority should be to push for more basic research on chemical reactions related to green chemistry, where our knowledge is far from completion.In recent times, in fact, the difference between sustainable chemistry and green chemistry is becoming more evident. Sustainable chemistry envisages an industrial involvement and promotion with the aim of achieving fewer pollutant processes and more valuable products, maintaining, at the same time, profits. Whereas green chemistry is more innovative because it is not necessarily connected to profits, it involves fundamental aspects and does not aim automatically at an industrial process. There is a great need to create a new type of chemistry focused on a new production system and utilization of chemical derivatives, in order to prepare the younger generation to reach a greener future. Following this scenario, this special issue has been planned with the aim of extending the knowledge on green chemistry, not disregarding, however, the industrial interest.Nowadays, globalization (induced by many factors such as industrial development) pushes the chemistry community to adopt ethical issues. In this respect, green chemistry can achieve, better than sustainable chemistry, the approval of society by teaching students to be confident in science and at the same time by convincing people that it is possible to achieve technological development respecting and taking care of the environment in which we live. In order to realize these objectives, it is important that education and fundamental research are strictly connected, so that democracy and development can also grow and progress side by side. In my personal experience I think that the young generation is very interested and passionate about green chemistry. An example is dott. Fabio Aricò (postdoctorate fellow in my group) who helped me through the organization of the IUPAC conference and the preparation of this special issue with enthusiasm and passion.Pietro TundoConference Chairman

A New Step in the Study of the History of the Russian Prosecutor’s Office

2019 ◽  
pp. 94-98
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
High Level ◽  
The University

The paper is a review on the textbook by A. V. Yeremin, «The History of the National Prosecutor’s office» and the anthology «The Prosecutor’s Office of the Russian Empire in the Documents of 1722–1917» (authors: V. V. Lavrov, A. V. Eremin, edited by N. M. Ivanov) published at the St. Petersburg Law Institute (branch) of the University of the Prosecutor’s office of the Russian Federation in 2018. The reviewers emphasize the high relevance and high level of research, their theoretical and practical significance. The textbook and the anthology will help the students increase their legal awareness, expand their horizons.

Green Chemistry and Green Solvents: An Overview

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-325
Author(s):  
Barla Karuna Devi ◽  
Swathi Naraparaju ◽  
Chaganti Soujanya ◽  
Sayan Dutta Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Chemical Reaction ◽  
Supercritical Co2 ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Green Solvents ◽  
Eutectic Mixtures ◽  
Organic Carbonates

: Green chemistry emphasizes designing novel routes to overcome health and environmental problems that occur during a chemical reaction. Green solvents are used in place of conventional solvents that are hazardous to both human and the environment. Solvents like water, ionic liquids, supercritical CO2, biosolvents, organic carbonates, and deep eutectic mixtures can be used as green solvents. The review focuses on the properties, applications, and limitations of these solvents.

scholarly journals SURG-29. A SINGLE CENTRE EXPERIENCE OF USING INTRA-OPERATIVE MRI IN MANAGING PEDIATRIC CRANIAL NEURO-ONCOLOGY CASES

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii464-iii464
Author(s):  
Dharmendra Ganesan ◽  
Nor Faizal Ahmad Bahuri ◽  
Revathi Rajagopal ◽  
Jasmine Loh PY ◽  
Kein Seong Mun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Operating Procedure ◽  
Ferromagnetic Material ◽  
Extent Of Resection ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Single Centre Experience ◽  
Physical Setting ◽  
Paediatric Case ◽  
High Level ◽  
The University

Abstract The University of Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur had acquired a intraoperative MRI (iMRI) brain suite via a public private initiative in September 2015. The MRI brain suite has a SIEMENS 1.5T system with NORAS coil system and NORAS head clamps in a two room solution. We would like to retrospectively review the cranial paediatric neuro-oncology cases that had surgery in this facility from September 2015 till December 2019. We would like to discuss our experience with regard to the clear benefits and the challenges in using such technology to aid in the surgery. The challenges include the physical setting up the paediatric case preoperatively, the preparation and performing the intraoperative scan, the interpretation of intraoperative images and making a decision and the utilisation of the new MRI data set to assist in the navigation to locate the residue safely. Also discuss the utility of the intraoperative images in the decision of subsequent adjuvant management. The use of iMRI also has other technical challenges such as ensuring the perimeter around the patient is free of ferromagnetic material, the process of transfer of the patient to the scanner and as a consequence increased duration of the surgery. CONCLUSION: Many elements in the use of iMRI has a learning curve and it improves with exposure and experience. In some areas only a high level of vigilance and SOP (Standard operating procedure) is required to minimize mishaps. Currently, the iMRI gives the best means of determining extent of resection before concluding the surgery.

scholarly journals Special Issue: Green Sustainable Chemical Processes

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1097
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Hernández Fernández ◽  
Antonia Pérez de los Ríos
Keyword(s):  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Chemical Process ◽  
Process Engineering ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Sustainable Chemistry ◽  
Special Issue

Sustainable chemical process engineering results from applying the principles of green chemistry or sustainable chemistry to chemical process engineering [...]

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