scholarly journals Are phonological features of roots in syntax? Evidence from Guébie

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Sande
Keyword(s):  
Field Data ◽  
Title Page ◽  
Phonological Features ◽  
Third Person ◽  
Original Field

<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>Based on original field data, I demonstrate that in Guébie (Kru, Niger-Congo), third person pronouns </span><span>phonologically </span><span>resemble their antecedents. This system, along with other phonologically determined agreement systems, pose problems for our traditional Y-model of grammar, which assumes that phonological features are not present in the syntax (cf. DM, Marantz 1995), thus morphosyntactic processes like agreement should not be able to access phonological features. </span></p><p><span>Here I address the question of whether phonologically determined agreement systems can be modeled without requiring syntax to be sensitive to phonological features. To do this I argue that pronouns select for an NP complement (cf. Elbourne 2001), where the pronoun enters into an agree relation with its NP complement. When spelled out, the morphologically agreeing heads must be phonologically similar, and this overt agreement licenses ellipsis of the NP. </span></p></div></div></div>

Ethology: The Narrative Turn

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Lestel
Keyword(s):  
Field Data ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Cognitive Ethology ◽  
Philosophical Question ◽  
Animal Intelligence ◽  
Narrative Structures ◽  
Methodological Tool ◽  
Third Person ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Strategies

Distinguishing their work from the causalist approaches of objectivist ethology, sociobiology, or cognitive ethology, a growing number of ethologists lay claim to the possibility of describing what animals do through more or less complex narratives. Narration becomes a methodological tool in its own right. Animals thus become characters as in novels. This is an epistemological choice. Our capacity to perceive the complexity of animal lives is tied to our capacity to tell ourselves stories in which animals are the heroes. These animals are not robots. They are subjects, individuals, and even persons. From this results a new and transpecific form of third-person narration. This approach still relies, however, on a set of very carefully collected field data and requires a great familiarity with observed animals. It then becomes possible to concern oneself with the individual strategies of particular animals rather than solely with behaviors that would be common to all members of a given species. The recourse to narrative as a means of understanding animal intelligence is especially pertinent as we become increasingly aware that animals themselves tell stories and that our concepts of narrative must expand beyond the human. Knowing whether animals have narrative structures is a philosophical question before it is a biological one. The desire to extend narrativity to the animal necessarily modifies what narrativity signifies. We perceive in animals a processual narrativity, a behavioral narrativity, and a fictional narrativity. The study of animals forces to rethink what a fiction is and compels one to consider its phylogensis in a rigorous manner without locating its origins in Homo sapiens.

Multiple vectors of unidirectional dialect change in eastern New England

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
James N. Stanford ◽  
Nathan A. Severance ◽  
Kenneth P. Baclawski
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
New Hampshire ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Social Setting ◽  
Linguistic Variables ◽  
Time Analysis ◽  
Language Faculty ◽  
Rates Of Change ◽  
Phonological Features ◽  
Northern New England

AbstractTraditional eastern New England (ENE) dialect features are rapidly receding in many parts of northern New England. Because this ENE shift involves seven different phonological features, it provides a prime opportunity to explore different rates of change across multiple linguistic variables at the same time in the same social setting. The present study is the first acoustic sociophonetic investigation of central New Hampshire, and it is based on new field data from 51 adult speakers. Results show that young generations are discarding many traditional ENE pronunciations in favor of leveled, nonregional forms, yet the changes are affecting some variables more quickly than others. Many distinctive traditional ENE variants (nonrhotic speech, intrusive-r, fronted father, “broad-a” in bath) are quickly receding, while others (fronted start and hoarse/horse distinction) are somewhat more conservative, being “overshadowed” by the presence of (r) as a variable within the same syllable. We frame our apparent-time analysis in terms of Sankoff's (2013a) notion of “age vectors” and Labov's (2012) “outward orientation” of the language faculty, illustrating how different generations are juggling multiple age vectors within the same overall shift, and how one variable can overshadow another variable within the same syllable.

scholarly journals A computation scheme based on field attenuation rate for improving regional-residual separation of potential field data set

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Wang ◽  
Xiaohong Meng ◽  
Fang Li
Keyword(s):  
Potential Field ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Synthetic Data ◽  
Regional Trend ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Potential Field Data ◽  
Attenuation Rate ◽  
Original Field ◽  
Computation Scheme ◽  
The Difference

Abstract To further improve the accuracy of regional-residual separation of potential field data set, this paper presents a novel computation scheme based on different attenuation rate of the fields induced from deep and shallow sources respectively. For the new scheme, the observations are first upward continued to a plane above it to get an updated field. Then, the difference between the original field and the updated field is calculated. Next, a controlling parameter is set to select those data points whose amplitudes have been much reduced. The adverse effects from the residual anomalies on the fitting of the regional trend can be reduced by removing the identified local points from the original field. Finally, a low-order polynomial is utilised for approximating the regional trend, and the corresponding residual field can be obtained by simple subtraction. Compared with gradient-based methods, the proposed new scheme has better noise adaptability for distinguishing different anomalies. The accuracy of the presented scheme was tested on synthetic data with and without noise. All tests showed that the new scheme reduces subjectivity and inaccuracy of the conventional methods significantly. In addition, the scheme was applied to Bouguer gravity anomaly of the Dida orebodies in Jilin Province, northeast China. This application also verified the superiority of the proposed scheme.

Updated checklist and distribution of the diaptomid copepods (Copepoda, Calanoida, Diaptomidae) of China

Crustaceana ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-352
Author(s):  
Huiming Li ◽  
Henri J. Dumont ◽  
Bo-Ping Han ◽  
Qiuqi Lin
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Original Field ◽  
Diaptomid Copepods

We present an updated checklist of the Diaptomidae of China, based on a literature review and on original field data from all over China during 2012-2016. A total of 19 genera and 56 species have been recorded. Neutrodiaptomus has the highest species richness (10 species), followed by Arctodiaptomus (9 species). Only one species each of Eudiaptomus, Mixodiaptomus, Eodiaptomus, Dentodiaptomus, Dolodiaptomus, Allodiaptomus, Karstodiaptomus, Metadiaptomus and Paradiaptomus was found. The taxonomic status of 16 species was revised: one wrongly attributed genus, Argyrodiaptomus, was corrected to Sinodiaptomus. First records for China include Arctodiaptomus parvispineus and one new cave-dwelling genus, Karstodiaptomus, is added. One Latin name from Shen & Sung’s book (1979) is corrected. Remarks on nomenclature and taxonomic issues are supplemented with information on the geographical distribution of the various species within China.

A sloping wedge technique for calculating gravity terrain corrections

Geophysics ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 1061-1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Barrows ◽  
J. D. Fett
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Gravity Station ◽  
Topographic Features ◽  
Original Field ◽  
Rugged Topography ◽  
Terrain Corrections ◽  
Wedge Technique

Gravity terrain corrections account for the upward pull of topographic features which are higher than a gravity station (hills) and the lack of downward pull from open space which is lower than the station (valleys). In areas of rugged topography or in high precision surveys, the magnitude of the terrain corrections can be comparable to the anomalies being sought and the uncertainties in the terrain corrections can limit the accuracy of the survey. Also, calculating the corrections can require more time and effort than gathering the original field data. Even if terrain corrections are not made, it is necessary to show that their omission does not compromise the integrity of the survey.

scholarly journals UM OLHAR SOCIOLINGUÍSTICO SOBRE O PORTUGUÊS MOÇAMBICANO: A CONCORDÂNCIA VERBAL DE TERCEIRA PESSOA DO PLURAL | A SOCIOLINGUISTIC LOOK AT MOZAMBICAN PORTUGUESE: THE THIRD PERSON PLURAL VERBAL AGREEMENT

2019 ◽  
pp. 257
Author(s):  
Karen Cristina da Silva Pissurno ◽  
Silvia Rodrigues Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Statistical Treatment ◽  
Title Page ◽  
Person Plural ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Status ◽  
Third Person ◽  
Theory Of Variation ◽  
Verbal Agreement ◽  
The Third Person

<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="section"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>Resumo: </span><span>Estudo sociolinguístico sobre a concordância verbal de 3a pessoa no Português de Maputo, Moçambique. A partir dos pressupostos da Teoria da Variação e Mudança (WLH, 1968), o objetivo é constatar o estatuto da regra (LABOV, 2003) de marcação de plural na variedade moçambicana. Assim, observaram-se as restrições (extra)linguísticas que condicionam a concordância. Os resultados obtidos por meio do programa </span><span>GOLDVARB X </span><span>revelam o comportamento de uma regra semicategórica (96.8% de marcas), índice que deve ser compreendido após análise qualitativa, que aponta a existência de contextos efetivamente variáveis. No entanto, a particularidade da situação multilíngue de Moçambique localizaria a variedade em posição intermediária dentro de um </span><span>continuum </span><span>de padrões de concordância da Língua Portuguesa. </span></p><div class="page" title="Page 2"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>Abstract: </span><span>Sociolinguistic study on verbal agreement of 3rd person in the Portuguese of Maputo, Mozambique. From the assumptions of the Theory of Variation and Change (WLH, 1968), the objective is to verify the status of the agreement rule (LABOV, 2003) in the Mozambican variety. Thus, the (extra)linguistic restrictions that constrain the rule were observed. Through the statistical treatment performed in GOLDVARB X, the results obtained reveal the behavior of a semicategorical rule (96.8% of marks), which must be understood after qualitative analysis, that indicates the existence of effectively variable contexts. However, the particularity of Mozambique's multilingual situation would establish an intermediary position for the variety within a continuum of the Portuguese agreement standards. </span></p><p><span>Keywords: </span><span>Mozambican Portuguese; Sociolinguistics; Multilingualism; Verbal Agreement. </span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>

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