scholarly journals Determinants of the Audiometric Notch at 4000 and 6000 Hz in Young Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (06) ◽  
pp. 371-383
Author(s):  
Ishan Sunilkumar Bhatt
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Hearing Threshold ◽  
Calibration Error ◽  
Cochlear Function ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Distortion Product ◽  
Hearing Thresholds ◽  
Children And Young Adults

Abstract Background Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is often characterized by the presence of an audiometric notch at 3000-6000 Hz in a behavioral audiogram. The audiometric notch is widely used to investigate NIHL in children and young adults. However, the determinants of the audiometric notch in young adults largely remain unknown. Purpose The study aimed to investigate the determinants of the audiometric notch in young adults. Research Design A cross-sectional design was adopted for the study. Study Sample A sample of 124 adults (38 males and 86 females) aged 18-35 years with normal otoscopic and tympanometric findings was recruited. Data Collection and Analysis Hearing thresholds and real-ear sound pressure levels (RESPLs) were obtained with calibrated ER-3A (Etymotic Research, Elk Grove Village, IL) andTDH-50P receivers (Telephonics, Farmingdale, NY). Distortion-product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) were used to evaluate the cochlear function. The external auditory canal (EAC) length was measured using the acoustical method. Noise exposure background (NEB) was estimated using the Noise Exposure Questionnaire. The notched audiograms were identified using: Phillips, Coles, and Niskar criteria. Results The prevalence of notched audiograms was substantially higher for TDH-50P supra-aural receivers than for ER-3A insert receivers. RESPLs at 6000 and 8000 Hz were the major predictors of notched audiograms for TDH-50P receivers. These predictors explained around 45% of the variance in the notched audiograms. The notched audiograms obtained with TDH-50P receivers showed no association with NEB. Individuals with notched audiograms measured using TDH-50P did not show convincing evidence of cochlear dysfunction as assessed by DPOAEs. Individuals with notched audiograms obtained with TDH-50P receivers revealed an average of shorter EAC and a poorer hearing threshold at 6000 Hz. Conclusions The calibration error in the RESPLs at 6000 and 8000 Hz that are likely to be influenced by the shorter EAC was the major determinant of the notched audiograms when the supra-aural transducers were used to measure hearing thresholds. Therefore, the supra-aural receivers should not be used to estimate the prevalence of NIHL in children and young adults when the less restrictive notch identification criteria are used to identify NIHL. Real-ear calibration techniques that are least influenced by the standing waves in the EAC should be preferred when investigating the prevalence of and risk factors for NIHL in young adults.

Hearing and Exposure to Music in Adolescents From Four Schools of Córdoba, Argentina

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Sara Gaetán ◽  
Jimena Muratore ◽  
Ana Luz Maggi ◽  
Jorge Pérez Villalobo ◽  
María de los Ángeles Hinalaf
Keyword(s):  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Hearing Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Distortion Product ◽  
Hearing Thresholds ◽  
Low Exposure ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Purposes The aims of this study are (a) to characterize the hearing of adolescents from four schools of Córdoba, Argentina, through the analysis of conventional and extended high-frequency audiometric thresholds and otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) and (b) to analyze the association between the mentioned hearing tests and exposure to music. Method It was a cross-sectional correlational descriptive study. Hearing thresholds (250–16000 Hz), transient evoked OAEs, and distortion product OAEs were evaluated in 225 adolescents (450 ears) aged 14 and 15 years. The ears were split into two groups: Group 1 had thresholds ≤ 21 dB HL in all frequencies, and Group 2 had thresholds > 21 dB HL in at least one. Exposure to music was evaluated through a questionnaire. Results Statistically significant differences were found in both ears between Groups 1 and 2. A notch at 3000–6000 Hz was noted in both groups. Group 2 showed a progressive threshold increase from 9000 Hz. Amplitude decrease, negative values, absent distortion product OAEs, and transient evoked OAEs were noted even in Group 1. A statistically significant association between Groups 1 and 2 and the presence/absence of OAEs was observed in most frequencies. Ears with moderate or high exposure to music had greater hearing thresholds compared to ears with low exposure at most frequencies; this was more evident in Group 1. Regarding exposure to music and OAEs, no significant differences were found between the exposure categories. Conclusions The findings highlight the value of implementing hearing conservation programs in Argentina, analyzing hearing tests correlated with questionnaires about recreational noise exposure in order to detect vulnerable ears early.

Vocal Performance Teachers and Hearing Loss

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Vance Gunnell ◽  
Jeff Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Vocal Performance ◽  
Occupational Noise ◽  
Hearing Conservation ◽  
Occupational Noise Exposure ◽  
Distortion Product ◽  
Hearing Thresholds ◽  
Performance Teachers

Hearing thresholds and distortion product otoacoustic emissions were measured for teachers of vocal performance who were gathered for a national conference. Results showed mean audiometric thresholds to be consistent with noise induced hearing loss, more than what would be expected with normal aging. Years of instruction and age were considered as factors in the hearing loss observed. It was concluded that hearing conservation should be initiated with this group to help raise awareness and protect them from hearing loss due to occupational noise exposure.

Evaluating cochlear function and the effects of noise exposure in the B6.CAST+Ahl mouse with distortion product otoacoustic emissions

2004 ◽  
Vol 194 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana E Vázquez ◽  
Ana M Jimenez ◽  
Glen K Martin ◽  
Anne E Luebke ◽  
Brenda L Lonsbury-Martin
Keyword(s):  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Cochlear Function ◽  
Distortion Product

scholarly journals A cross sectional study of hearing thresholds in medical students

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 434
Author(s):  
V. M. Hemlata Katiyar ◽  
D. Elango ◽  
Vincent Prasanna
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Bone Conduction ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hearing Thresholds ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Right

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The hearing thresholds of young adults with no known hearing loss or noise exposure is expected to be closer to 0 dB HL, though with the increasing usage of recreational noise through personal amplification devices there is shift in thresholds noted. Some studies have highlighted the effect of these devices on the hearing thresholds and a general shift of thresholds towards 25 dB. Objective was to determine the audiometric thresholds of a screened sample of medical students with presumed normal hearing.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 103 medical students in the age group of 20 to 23 years were screened and subjected to PTA. The Pure tone average was calculated for air conduction (AC) and bone conduction (BC) separately and also for high frequencies (HF). The average for the female students was compared with that of male students. The right ear average was compared with that of left ear.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> There was a statistically significant difference with higher thresholds for males in BC and HF, however the difference in AC was not significant. Between the right and left ears, there was statistically significant elevation observed in BC average in the right ear, but no significant difference was found in the HF and AC thresholds.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> There is evidence of thresholds especially BC, shifting more towards 25 dB HL in young adults considered to have normal hearing. Early screening will help in identifying this and prevent further elevation by judicious use of mobile phones, personal music players and personal listening devices.</p>

scholarly journals The Immediate and Long-Term Impact of Military Aircraft Noise on Hearing: A Cross-Sectional Comparison of Fighter Pilots and Ground Staff

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 2982
Author(s):  
Chao-Yin Kuo ◽  
Chia-Lien Hung ◽  
Hsin-Chien Chen ◽  
Cheng-Ping Shih ◽  
Rou-Huei Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Aircraft Noise ◽  
Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emission ◽  
Military Aircraft ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Distortion Product ◽  
Hearing Thresholds

We examined the immediate and long-term impacts of military aircraft noise exposure on noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) in fighter pilots and ground staff. We recruited 40 pilots, 40 ground staff, and 136 age-matched controls; all participants underwent hearing tests, including conventional pure-tone audiometry (PTA) (0.25–8.0 kHz), extended high-frequency (EHF) audiometry (9.0–18.0 kHz), and distortion-product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) as a recent reference. A subsequent hearing test immediately after flight-mission noise exposure was requested. The results revealed higher recent hearing thresholds in pilots and ground staff than in controls. Threshold shifts at many octave band frequencies were also significantly elevated in ground staff. The grouped frequency threshold was significantly elevated in the 4–8 kHz high-frequency range. After a single flight-mission noise exposure, both ground staff and pilots showed decreased signal-to-noise ratios for DPOAE (1–8 kHz), whereas only ground staff showed significantly elevated left-ear hearing thresholds at 3, 11.2, and 12.5 kHz by conventional and EHF PTA. Fighter pilots and ground staff serve in hazardous noise-exposed environments that cause hearing damage and subsequent NIHL, but ground staff may be more vulnerable. A comprehensive hearing conservation program should be implemented to protect high-risk service members, and especially ground staff, from high-intensity noise exposure.

scholarly journals Reliability of Contralateral Suppression in Evoked Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina dos Santos ◽  
Ludimila Labanca ◽  
Larissa Resende Assumpção ◽  
Patricia Cotta Mancini ◽  
Sirley Alves da Silva Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Auditory Pathway ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Cochlear Function ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Distortion Product ◽  
Clinical Applicability ◽  
Contralateral Suppression

Abstract Introduction Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) and their suppression may be considered useful in monitoring cochlear function and the efferent auditory pathway inhibitory effect. Nonetheless, the establishment of reliable parameters of response variations is of great importance. Objectives To verify the replicability of test and retest in the research of the inhibitory effect of the efferent pathway using contralateral suppressing stimulus during DPOAE recording for clinical applicability. Methods Cross-sectional study with 48 volunteers, aged 18 to 30 years, with normal audiometric thresholds. The procedures included were audiometric and immittance measures to overrule any conductive or sensorineural conditions and DPOAE recordings without and with contralateral suppression with a 60 dBHL white noise. Distortion product otoacoustic emissions amplitudes were analyzed and compared in both conditions with Wilcoxon test, and the Spearman correlation test was used to assess test-retest reliability. Results The comparative analysis showed differences between amplitudes in test and retest conditions only in 1,500 Hz for DPOAE measures with all other tested frequencies showing no differences, and no difference was observed in all recorded frequencies in the test and retest comparison for DPOAE suppression. The degree of correlation between test and retest of DPOAE amplitude was good at 6,000 Hz and strong (r > 0.880) at the other frequencies. For DPOAE with suppression, all frequencies presented strong correlation between test and retest: 1,500 Hz (r = 0.880), 2,000 Hz (r = 0.882), 3,000 Hz (r = 0.940), and 6,000 Hz (r = 0.957). Conclusions The study found good replicability in contralateral suppression of DPOAE with potential clinical applicability, and we recommend conducting the test from 2000Hz to higher frequencies for more reliable results.

Otoacoustic emissions in young adults with a history of otitis media

2005 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sule Yilmaz ◽  
Ahmet Rifat Karasalihoglu ◽  
Abdullah Tas ◽  
Recep Yagiz ◽  
Memduha Tas
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Otoacoustic Emission ◽  
Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emission ◽  
Distortion Product ◽  
The Third ◽  
Hearing Thresholds ◽  
History Of

The aim of this study was to investigate otoacoustic emissions in young adults who had a history of otitis media (OM) in childhood and to assess whether a history of OM had an irreversible effect on hearing. We studied 116 cases between 15 and 25 years of age, divided into three groups. Each subject underwent a single examination comprising otoscopy, pure-tone audiometry (PTA), tympanometry, and transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) and distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) testing. Subjects in the first and second groups had normal audiometric hearing thresholds and type A tympanograms. The only difference between the first and second group was the presence or absence of a history of OM. The third group consisted of patients diagnosed as having active OM; these patients had poorer hearing thresholds and type B or C tympanograms. After statistical analysis of TEOAE and DPOAE results (one-way analysis of variance test), significant differences were noted between groups. Otoacoustic emission levels were, unsurprisingly, lowest in the third group, as expected. However, the most striking result in the study was that significantly fewer otoacoustic emissions were detected in subjects with a history of OM than in subjects without a history of OM. These findings suggest that OM in childhood may cause minor but irreversible damage to the middle ear or cochlea. Otoacoustic emissions testing can be used to detect this sub-clinical damage.

Noise Levels Among Spectators at an Intercollegiate Sporting Event

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beau England ◽  
Jeffery Blythe Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Hearing Sensitivity ◽  
Distortion Product ◽  
Sound Levels ◽  
Basketball Game ◽  
Hearing Thresholds ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The intensity of noise levels in a basketball arena during games, as well as the hearing sensitivity of attendees, was measured for the purpose of assessing the impact of the noise on hearing thresholds. Method Noise levels at 10 intercollegiate basketball games were measured with a dosimeter affixed on the shoulders of attendees. Hearing thresholds and distortion product otoacoustic emissions were measured for 20 participants just before attending a basketball game and within an hour of the end of the game to determine whether changes in hearing thresholds resulted from exposure to the sound levels within the arena during the games. Results Participants demonstrated temporary shifts in pure-tone thresholds and reductions in the intensity of their otoacoustic emissions after attendance at 1 of the basketball games. Dosimeter measurements showed that noise at 6 of the 10 basketball games exceeded acceptable intensity levels when compared with a national workplace noise exposure standard. Conclusion Although noise intensities, on average, did not exceed workplace exposure standards, universities would be wise to be proactive in warning spectators about the potential dangers of noise exposure at sporting events, make earplugs available to interested spectators, and implement a hearing conservation program for employees working in noise.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PAPARAN BISING TERHADAP AMBANG PENDENGARAN SISWA SMK NEGERI 2 MANADO JURUSAN TEKNIK KONSTRUKSI BATU BETON

e-CliniC ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Paskawita Haurissa
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Hearing Threshold ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hearing Thresholds ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Stone Concrete ◽  
Microsoft Office

Abstract: Noise is unwanted sound, in this case the sound from wood smoothing machine. Noise can cause various health problems such as physiological disorders, psychological disorders, communication disorders, and deafness. Indonesia based on survey data Senses Sight and Hearing Health in 1994-1996 showed the prevalence of hearing loss ( 16.8 % ) and highest in the school age group ( 7-18 ) years . The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of noise exposure on hearing threshold. This study is an observational survey description with a cross-sectional design. The research sample of 20 students of SMK Negeri 2 Manado Stone Concrete Construction Engineering class XI and XII who met the inclusion criteria. The data was collected using a Pure Tone Audiometer examination. The data is processed using Microsoft Office Excel 2007. The results showed that students with exposure to 100-105 dB noise, as much as 4 students with hearing impairment percentage (20%) and 16 students with a percentage (80%) did not hearing impairment. Conclusion: there is the effect of noise exposure on hearing thresholds. Keywords: hearing thresholds, noise exposure   Abstrak: Kebisingan adalah suara yang tidak dikehendaki, dalam hal ini adalah bising mesin penghalus kayu. Bising dapat menyebabkan berbagai gangguan kesehatan seperti gangguan fisiologis, gangguan psikologis, gangguan komunikasi, dan ketulian. Data Indonesia berdasarkan survei Kesehatan Indera Penglihatan dan Pendengaran tahun 1994-1996 menunjukan prevalensi gangguan pendengaran (16,8 %) dan paling tinggi pada kelompok usia sekolah (7-18) tahun. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui pengaruh paparan bising terhadap ambang pendengaran. Penelitian ini bersifat survei deskripsi observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Sampel penelitian yaitu 20 siswa SMK Negeri 2 Manado Jurusan Teknik Konstruksi Batu Beton kelas XI dan XII yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pemeriksaan menggunakan Pure Tone Audiometer. Data diolah menggunakan Microsoft Office Excel 2007. Hasil penelitian menujukan bahwa siswa dengan paparan bising 100 – 105 dB, sebanyak 4 siswa mengalami gangguan pendengaran dengan persentase (20 %) dan 16 siswa dengan persentase (80 %) tidak mengalami gangguan pendengaran. Simpulan: terdapat pengaruh paparan bising terhadap ambang pendengaran. Kata kunci: ambang pendengaran; paparan bising.

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