scholarly journals The Connection between Teachers’ Attributional Style and Behavioral Patterns in Professional Conflicts

2020 ◽  
pp. 84-92
Author(s):  
В.И. Казаренков ◽  
Н.С. Оськин
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Attributional Style ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Behavioral Pattern ◽  
Behavioral Patterns ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Professional Interaction ◽  
Professional Conflicts

В статье раскрываются целесообразность и прогностическая ценность атрибутивного подхода к изучению конфликтов в деловом взаимодействии преподавателей. На основе анализа теоретических концепций обосновывается, что индивидуальная склонность преподавателя типично использовать внутренний или внешний вектор атрибуции определяет восприятие другого субъекта взаимодействия, в том числе и конфликтного, либо как потенциального партнера, либо как конкурента и тем самым опосредует выбор субъектом атрибуции соответствующей стратегии поведения в конфликте. Представлены результаты эмпирического исследования, где раскрывается содержание и направленность корреляционных взаимосвязей между оптимистичностью в достижениях и во взаимоотношениях с другими, стабильностью как параметрами стиля атрибуции личности и стратегиями компромисса, сотрудничества, приспособления, избегания и соперничества как паттернами поведения преподавателя в конфликтном деловом взаимодействии. Результаты исследования представляют практическую ценность для психологов и специалистов учреждений образования при разработке профилактических и коррекционных мероприятий, направленных на управление конфликтами в педагогических коллективах. The article treats the relevance and the prognostic value of attributional approach to the investigation of conflicts in educators’ professional interaction. The analysis of theoretical concepts enables the author to conclude that educators’ individual inclination to use the inner or outer vectors of attribution defines the perception of other subjects of the interaction (including conflicting situations) as potential partners or as competitors and, therefore, influences the choice of a respective behavioral pattern. The article presents the results of an empirical research that reveals the content and the direction of correlated links between achievement-associated optimism, stability as a parameter of personal attribution and strategies of compromise, cooperation, adjustment, avoidance, competitiveness as behavioral patterns in a conflicting professional interaction. The results of the research are valid for psychologists and educators who develop prophylactic and correctional strategies aimed at the management of conflicts in pedagogical teams.

On Stepping Stones and Other Calamities of Marxist Historiography

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-244
Author(s):  
Heide Gerstenberger
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Stepping Stones ◽  
Theoretical Concepts

Abstract Historical research is always in danger of being made use of for explaining and illustrating instead of testing one’s theoretical conceptions. Since Marxist historical research has certainly not been exempt from this temptation, one has to start any debate about Marxist historiography with the demand to accord empirical research the chance to shake even the cornerstones of one’s own theoretical conceptions. In a paper that has triggered off a new discussion on ‘Political Marxism’, Samuel Knafo and Benno Teschke insist on such a practice. In what follows I try to position the ongoing discussion in the wider context of theoretical concepts of Marxist historiography.

Application of EDM to Understand the Online Students' Behavioral Pattern

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Naito Mendes Bezerra ◽  
Márcia Terra da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Educational Data Mining ◽  
Learning Management Systems ◽  
Behavioral Pattern ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Online Course ◽  
Educational Context ◽  
Behavioral Patterns ◽  
Limited Capacity ◽  
Online Access

In distance learning, the professor cannot see that the students are having trouble with a subject, and can fail to perceive the problem in time to intervene. However, in learning management systems (LMS's) a large volume of data regarding online access, participation and progress can be registered and collected allowing analysis based on students' behavioral patterns. As traditional methods have a limited capacity to extract knowledge from big volumes of data, educational data mining (EDM) arises as a tool to help teachers interpreting the behavior of students. The objective of the present article is to describe the application of educational data mining technics aiming to obtain relevant knowledge of students' behavioral patterns in an LMS for an online course, with 1,113 students enrolled. This paper applies two algorithms on educational context, decision tree and clustering, unveiling unknown relevant aspects to professors and managers, such as the most important examinations that contribute to students' approval as well as the most significant attributes to their success.

MARKETING TOOLS USED BY THE SHARING ECONOMY PLATFORMS IN TOURISM: THE SPECIFIC ROLE OF PRICES

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 121-136
Author(s):  
Teresa Skalska
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Average Price ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Utility Index ◽  
Product Utility ◽  
Marketing Tool ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose. Analysis of the method of using price as a marketing tool on the example of selected cities with strong tourist function (empirical study); indication of other non-price ways of gaining competitive advantage (e.g. quality, scope of additional services) – based on empirical research, secondary sources and market analysis. Method. The article was based on the deductive approach and the results of the empirical study of offers placed by: 3* hotels, Airbnb hosts and Interhome in three metropolitan centres with developed tourist functions (Warsaw, Krakow, Prague). On the basis of the average price for 1 night (μ) and the product utility index (ή), the synthetic coefficient was calculated showing the price-to-utility relationship and allowing comparison of the price of services including the elements contained therein. Findings. The results of the empirical study allow to use two measures of price competitiveness assessment and the use of price as a marketing tool by selected service providers: the average price per night spent by the guest (μ) and the product utility index for the customer (ή). The research allowed to show the use of price as a tool of marketing impact in the area of sharing economy in tourism. Research and conclusions limitations. The sample contains all offers that meet the established criteria. The study fully reflects the situation in three selected metropolitan centres. Practical implications. The article has no direct practical implications, although the presented method and formulated conclusions can be used to improve price analysis tools in the area of tourism, taking into account the sharing economy. Originality. In the current research, the problem of using prices as a marketing tool in the area of sharing economy in tourism is rarely undertaken. Type of paper. The article presents both theoretical concepts and the results of empirical research.

Consumer Behavior Factors in the Sharing Economy in Russia: the Case of Airbnb

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazar Tishchenko ◽  
Olga Tishchenko ◽  
Vera Rebyazina ◽  
Yulia Slobodchuk
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Behavioral Patterns ◽  
Quantitative Survey ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Depth Interviews

The paper discusses the main approaches to the sharing economy definition, the characteristics of the sharing economy business model, as well as drivers and barriers that consumers of the sharing economy face. Empirical research includes the survey of the Airbnb customers. A series of in-depth interviews followed by quantitative survey are conducted to identify the factors that determine the consumers behavior in the sharing economy. As a result of qualitative and quantitative research, four groups of factors are revealed: economic, social, personal, and environmental. In addition, as a result of cluster analysis, five clusters of consumers are identified: economical, socially active, supporters of new sensations, initiative and home. The results are of great interest to researchers and management practitioners in order to form a deeper understanding of the expectations and behavioral patterns of the Russian customers in a shared economy.

scholarly journals Эффективность трансформации компаний открытого типа в компании закрытого типа на развитых рынках капитала: обзор исследований

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-109
Author(s):  
К. И. Романов
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Corporate Restructuring ◽  
Leveraged Buyouts ◽  
Public Companies ◽  
Theoretical Concepts

Late 80s and early 90s of the XX-th century showed great interest to the corporate restructuring deals, especially transformation of public companies into private form. This paper is devoted to theoretical concepts describing performance changes after such deals, as well as empirical research testing these theories. Both theoretical and empirical analysis are based on leveraged buyouts which took place in 80s.

scholarly journals Membangun Konsep Brand Religiosity Image Dalam Islamic Marketing (Sintesis Teori dan Penelitian Empiris yang Relevan)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Munadi Idris ◽  
Haris Maupa ◽  
Mahlia Muis ◽  
Maat Pono
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Brand Image ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Research Findings

The concept of Islam in marketing is elastic. Everything can be done unless there is a prohibition and this is only in the smallest parts. This is one of the causes lately, experts in marketing are interested in the concept of Islamic marketing. In the aspect of brand image, Islam has its own uniqueness that is able to attract customers not only materially but also emotionally, so that customers will always be loyal to brands that have that Islamic image. This paper is library research that aims to produce a concept in Islamic marketing that is sourced from the study of grand and middle theories or previous empirical research. This paper tries to synthesize theories based on appropriate theoretical concepts then harmonize with the concept of Islamic marketing and will produce research findings

Incivility as a Violation of Communication Norms—A Typology Based on Normative Expectations toward Political Communication

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marike Bormann ◽  
Ulf Tranow ◽  
Gerhard Vowe ◽  
Marc Ziegele
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
Cooperative Communication ◽  
Action Theory ◽  
Evolutionary Anthropology ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Norm Violations ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
Normative Expectations ◽  
And Linguistics

Abstract Research on incivility in political communication usually defines uncivil communication as a violation of established norms. Few studies, however, have specified these norms and corroborated them using relevant theoretical concepts. This article aims at strengthening the foundations of incivility research by analytically reconstructing the potential normative expectations of communication participants toward the behavior of others in offline and online political communication. We propose that these expectations can be considered as communication norms, which enable cooperative communication in political debates and conflicts. We use action theory, evolutionary anthropology, and linguistics to propose a norm concept that differentiates five communication norms: an information norm, a modality norm, a process norm, a relation norm, and a context norm. Drawing on these norms, we propose new definitions of incivility and civility. We also provide a comprehensive typology of norm violations that can be used as a heuristic for empirical research.

The Interaction of Theory and Data

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. Morrow
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Scientific Understanding ◽  
The Other ◽  
Theoretical Concepts

Theory shapes how data is collected and analyzed in at least three ways. Theoretical concepts inform how we collect data because data attempt to capture and reflect those concepts. Theory provides testable hypotheses that direct our research. Theory also helps us draw conclusions from the results of empirical research. Meanwhile, research using quantitative methods seeks to be rigorous and reproducible. Mathematical models develop the logic of a theory carefully, while statistical methods help us judge whether the evidence matches the expectations of our theories. Quantitative scholars tend to specialize in one approach or the other. The interaction of theory and data for them thus concerns how models and statistical analysis draw on and respond to one another. In the abstract, they work together seamlessly to advance scientific understanding. In practice, however, there are many places and ways this abstract process can stumble. These difficulties are not unique to rigorous methods; they confront any attempt to reconcile causal arguments with reality. Rigorous methods help by making the issues clear and forcing us to confront them. Furthermore, these methods do not ensure arguments or empirical judgments are correct; they only make it easier for us to agree among ourselves when they do.

scholarly journals Behavioral patterns and movement intensity of Sotalia guianensis (P. J. van Bénéden) (Cetacea, Delphinidae) in two different areas on the Brazilian coast

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio G. Daura-Jorge ◽  
Marcos R. Rossi-Santos ◽  
Leonardo L. Wedekin ◽  
Paulo C. Simões-Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Pattern ◽  
Eastern Coast ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Behavioral Patterns ◽  
Southern Coast ◽  
Sotalia Guianensis ◽  
Pattern Frequency ◽  
Movement Intensity ◽  
Estuarine Dolphin ◽  
Two Populations

The behavioral patterns of the estuarine dolphin, Sotalia guianensis (P. J. van Bénéden, 1864), were compared between two populations along the Brazilian coast: Caravelas (Bahia), along the eastern coast, and Norte Bay (Santa Catarina), along the southern coast. Applying the focal-group sampling in both areas, information such as the geographic position (UTM) of groups and predominant behavioral patterns were obtained. Geographic positions were used to calculate the total distance traveled by estuarine dolphin groups on each observation day. Since the distance traveled varies with time, the daily mean speed of the dolphin’s group was used as an index of movement intensity. Two comparable and easily recognizable behavioral patterns were considered: travelling and foraging. Overall movement intensity and behavioral pattern frequency were similar between both areas. However, a seasonal variation was observed in both parameters in Norte Bay, while in Caravelas these parameters were homogeneous throughout the year. Variation in the behavior of the estuarine dolphin was consistent with variations in environmental factors, such as water temperature.

scholarly journals Stability of Network Communities as a Function of Task Complexity

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 2030-2043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Fuertinger ◽  
Kristina Simonyan
Keyword(s):  
Functional Organization ◽  
Task Complexity ◽  
Motor Task ◽  
Behavioral Pattern ◽  
Behavioral Patterns ◽  
Approximation Quality ◽  
Systems Research ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Behavior Network ◽  
Leave One Out

The analysis of the community architecture in functional brain networks has revealed important relations between specific behavioral patterns and characteristic features of the associated functional organization. Numerous studies have assessed changes in functional communities during different states of awareness, learning, information processing, and various behavioral patterns. The robustness of detected communities within a network has been an often-discussed topic in complex systems research. However, our knowledge regarding the intersubject stability of functional communities in the human brain while performing different tasks is still lacking. In this study, we examined the variability of functional communities in weighted undirected graphs based on fMRI recordings of healthy participants across three conditions: the resting state, syllable production as a simple vocal motor task, and meaningful speech production representing a complex behavioral pattern with cognitive involvement. On the basis of the constructed empirical networks, we simulated a large cohort of artificial graphs and performed a leave-one-out stability analysis to assess the sensitivity of communities in the group-averaged networks with respect to perturbations in the averaging cohort. We found that the stability of partitions derived from group-averaged networks depended on task complexity. The determined community architecture in mean networks reflected within-behavior network stability and between-behavior flexibility of the human functional connectome. The sensitivity of functional communities increased from rest to syllable production to speaking, which suggests that the approximation quality of the community structure in the average network to reflect individual per-participant partitions depends on task complexity.

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