Behavioral patterns and movement intensity of Sotalia guianensis (P. J. van Bénéden) (Cetacea, Delphinidae) in two different areas on the Brazilian coast

The behavioral patterns of the estuarine dolphin, Sotalia guianensis (P. J. van Bénéden, 1864), were compared between two populations along the Brazilian coast: Caravelas (Bahia), along the eastern coast, and Norte Bay (Santa Catarina), along the southern coast. Applying the focal-group sampling in both areas, information such as the geographic position (UTM) of groups and predominant behavioral patterns were obtained. Geographic positions were used to calculate the total distance traveled by estuarine dolphin groups on each observation day. Since the distance traveled varies with time, the daily mean speed of the dolphin’s group was used as an index of movement intensity. Two comparable and easily recognizable behavioral patterns were considered: travelling and foraging. Overall movement intensity and behavioral pattern frequency were similar between both areas. However, a seasonal variation was observed in both parameters in Norte Bay, while in Caravelas these parameters were homogeneous throughout the year. Variation in the behavior of the estuarine dolphin was consistent with variations in environmental factors, such as water temperature.

Download Full-text

Behavior of estuarine dolphin, Sotalia guianensis (Cetacea, Delphinidae), in controlled boat traffic situation at southern coast of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil

Biodiversity and Conservation ◽

10.1007/s10531-008-9435-z ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 67-78 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Carolina H. Tosi ◽

Renata G. Ferreira

Keyword(s):

Rio Grande ◽

Traffic Situation ◽

Southern Coast ◽

Sotalia Guianensis ◽

Boat Traffic ◽

Estuarine Dolphin

Download Full-text

Behavioural seasonality of the estuarine dolphin, Sotalia guianensis, on the north-eastern Brazilian coast

Marine Biodiversity Records ◽

10.1017/s1755267207006628 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

Author(s):

Fernando Roberto Guilherme-Silveira ◽

Flávio José de Lima Silva

Keyword(s):

Brazilian Coast ◽

Sotalia Guianensis ◽

The North ◽

North Eastern ◽

Estuarine Dolphin

Download Full-text

SOTALIA GUIANENSIS POPULATION DENSITY ESTIMATIVE IN THE BAY OF ANTONINA, BRAZIL

Revista Acadêmica Ciência Animal ◽

10.7213/academica.7741 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 351

Author(s):

Anne Karoline Japp ◽

Gislaine De Fatima Filla

Keyword(s):

Population Density ◽

Brazilian Coast ◽

Distance Method ◽

Sotalia Guianensis ◽

Average Group ◽

Fresh Water Input ◽

Marine Influence ◽

Estuarine Dolphin ◽

The One ◽

Data Extrapolation

The present work aimed to estimate the population density of Sotalia guianensis in the Bay of Antonina, southern Brazilian coast, by linear transects, distance method. The average group size in the total area was 2.57 individuals/group. The study area is 28.1 km2 and it was divided in two sub-areas, an outer area closer to the sea and another more enclosed with a higher fresh water input. In the Sector I, the one with greater marine influence, the density estimation found was D = 3.01 animals/ km2 (Variation Coefficient, VC 24.67%), whereas in Sector II there was no estuarine dolphin record. Also, during the rainy season a higher density value was found in the bay (D = 4.99 individuals/ km2, VC 15.93%). When the area division was ignored an overestimation of density was found (D = 3.80 animals/km2; VC 15.71%) due to the data extrapolation beyond the sampled area, including areas not much used by the dolphins. This superestimation due to the few estuarine dolphins records in the Bay of Antonina and also to the method used, which was biased by existing of sand banks at low tide which made it impossible to access all transects.

Download Full-text

Morphological description of six species of Suberitida (Porifera: Demospongiae) from the unexplored north-eastern coast of Brazil, with emphasis on two new species

Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom ◽

10.1017/s0025315420000296 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 100 (3) ◽

pp. 389-400

Author(s):

Humberto F. M. Fortunato ◽

Thierry Pérez ◽

Gisele Lôbo-Hajdu

Keyword(s):

Current Knowledge ◽

Atlantic Coast ◽

Marine Sponges ◽

Eastern Coast ◽

Morphological Description ◽

Brazilian Coast ◽

Northern Coast ◽

Western Atlantic ◽

The North ◽

North Eastern

AbstractThe Order Suberitida is defined as a group of marine sponges without an obvious cortex, a skeleton devoid of microscleres, and with a deletion of a small loop of 15 base pairs in the secondary structure of the 28S rDNA as a molecular synapomorphy. Suberitida comprises three families and 26 genera distributed worldwide, but mostly in temperate and polar waters. Twenty species were reported along the entire Brazilian coast, and although the north-eastern coast of Brazil seems to harbour a rich sponge fauna, our current knowledge is concentrated along the south-eastern Atlantic coast. A survey was implemented along the northern coast of Brazil, and the collection allowed the identification of six species belonging to the Order Suberitida. Two of them are considered new to science: Suberites purpura sp. nov., Hymeniacidon upaonassu sp. nov., and four, Halichondria (Halichondria) marianae Santos, Nascimento & Pinheiro, 2018, Halichondria (H.) melanadocia de Laubenfels, 1936, Suberites aurantiacus (Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864), and Terpios fugax Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864, are re-described. Taxonomic comparisons are made for Tropical Western Atlantic species and type species of the four genera. Finally, an identification key for the Western Atlantic Suberites species is provided.

Download Full-text

Application of EDM to Understand the Online Students' Behavioral Pattern

Journal of Information Technology Research ◽

10.4018/jitr.2019070109 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 154-168 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Luis Naito Mendes Bezerra ◽

Márcia Terra da Silva

Keyword(s):

Data Mining ◽

Educational Data Mining ◽

Learning Management Systems ◽

Behavioral Pattern ◽

Management Systems ◽

Online Course ◽

Educational Context ◽

Behavioral Patterns ◽

Limited Capacity ◽

Online Access

In distance learning, the professor cannot see that the students are having trouble with a subject, and can fail to perceive the problem in time to intervene. However, in learning management systems (LMS's) a large volume of data regarding online access, participation and progress can be registered and collected allowing analysis based on students' behavioral patterns. As traditional methods have a limited capacity to extract knowledge from big volumes of data, educational data mining (EDM) arises as a tool to help teachers interpreting the behavior of students. The objective of the present article is to describe the application of educational data mining technics aiming to obtain relevant knowledge of students' behavioral patterns in an LMS for an online course, with 1,113 students enrolled. This paper applies two algorithms on educational context, decision tree and clustering, unveiling unknown relevant aspects to professors and managers, such as the most important examinations that contribute to students' approval as well as the most significant attributes to their success.

Download Full-text

Analysis of the Influencing Factors of Regional Carbon Emissions in the Chinese Transportation Industry

Energies ◽

10.3390/en13051100 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 1100 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Changzheng Zhu ◽

Meng Wang ◽

Yarong Yang

Keyword(s):

Size Effect ◽

Carbon Emissions ◽

Energy Intensity ◽

Eastern Coast ◽

Southern Coast ◽

Transportation Industry ◽

Fourth Stage ◽

Intensity Effect ◽

Output Effect ◽

Economic Output

Global warming caused by excessive emissions of CO2 and other greenhouse gases is one of the greatest challenges for mankind in the 21st century. China is the world’s largest carbon emitter and its transportation industry is one of the fastest growing sectors for carbon emissions. However, China is a vast country with different levels of carbon emissions in the transportation industry. Therefore, it is helpful for the Chinese government to formulate a reasonable policy of regional carbon emissions control by studying the factors influencing the carbon emissions of the Chinese transportation industry at the regional level. Based on data from 1997 to 2017, this paper adopts the logarithmic mean divisia index (LMDI) decomposition method to analyze the influencing degree of several major factors on the carbon emissions of transportation industry in different regions, puts forward some suggestions according to local conditions, and provides references for the carbon reduction of Chinese transportation industry. The results show that (1) in 2017, the total carbon emissions of the Chinese transportation industry were 714.58 million tons, being 5.59 times of those in 1997, with an average annual growth rate of 9.89%. Among them, the carbon emissions on the Eastern Coast were rising linearly and higher than those in other regions. The carbon emissions in the Great Northwest were always lower than those in other regions, with only 38.75 million tons in 2017. (2) Economic output effect is the most important factor to promote the carbon emissions of transportation industry in various regions. Among them, the contribution values of economic output effect to carbon emissions on the Eastern Coast, the Southern Coast and the Great Northwest continued to rise, while the contribution values of economic output effect to carbon emissions in the other five regions decreased in the fourth stage. (3) The population size effect promoted the carbon emissions of the transportation industry in various regions, but the population size effect of the Northeast had a significant inhibitory influence on the carbon emissions in the fourth stage. (4) The regional energy intensity effect in most stages inhibited carbon emissions of the transportation industry. Among them, the energy intensity effects of the North Coast and the Southern Coast in the two stages had obvious inhibitory influences on carbon emissions of the transportation industry, but the contribution values of the energy intensity effect in the Great Northwest and the Northeast were positive in the fourth stage. (5) Except for the Great Southwest, the industry-scale effects of other regions had inhibited the carbon emissions of transportation industry in all regions. (6) The influences of the carbon emissions coefficient effect on carbon emissions in different regions were not significant and their inhibitory effects were relatively small.

Download Full-text

Surviving probability indicators of landing juvenile magellanic penguins arriving along the southern Brazilian coast

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology ◽

10.1590/s1516-89132010000200021 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 53 (2) ◽

pp. 419-424 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Sandra Carvalho Rodrigues ◽

Andréa Corrado Adornes ◽

Euclydes Antônio dos Santos Filho ◽

Rodolfo Pinho Silva Filho ◽

Elton Pinto Colares

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Brazilian Coast ◽

Southern Coast ◽

Magellanic Penguins ◽

Eventual Death

The aim of this work was to monitor and study the hematocrit and weight of juvenile penguins, with and without oil cover, found alive along the southern coast of Brazil, after capture, as well as before eventual death or release. Released juvenile penguins showed higher weight and hematocrit (3.65 ± 0.06 kg and 44.63 ± 0.29%, respectively) than those that died (2.88 ± 0.08 kg and 34.42 ± 1.70%, respectively). Penguins with higher hematocrit and weight after capture had higher mean weight gain than their counterparts with smaller hematocrit and weight after the capture. Besides, juveniles with higher hematocrit and weight after the capture had higher survival rates, independent of the presence or absence of oil. The results suggested that juveniles covered with oil might have been healthier than the juveniles without oil. The animals without oil probably died as a consequence of health disturbances, while the animals with oil possibly were healthy before contact with oil in the sea.

Download Full-text

Surface circulation and upwelling patterns around Sri Lanka

Biogeosciences ◽

10.5194/bg-11-5909-2014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 11 (20) ◽

pp. 5909-5930 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

A. de Vos ◽

C. B. Pattiaratchi ◽

E. M. S. Wijeratne

Keyword(s):

Sri Lanka ◽

Satellite Imagery ◽

Current System ◽

Eastern Coast ◽

Northeast Monsoon ◽

Southern Coast ◽

Lower Productivity ◽

Surface Circulation ◽

Southward Flow ◽

Sw Monsoon

Abstract. Sri Lanka occupies a unique location within the equatorial belt in the northern Indian Ocean, with the Arabian Sea on its western side and the Bay of Bengal on its eastern side, and experiences bi-annually reversing monsoon winds. Aggregations of blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus) have been observed along the southern coast of Sri Lanka during the northeast (NE) monsoon, when satellite imagery indicates lower productivity in the surface waters. This study explored elements of the dynamics of the surface circulation and coastal upwelling in the waters around Sri Lanka using satellite imagery and numerical simulations using the Regional Ocean Modelling System (ROMS). The model was run for 3 years to examine the seasonal and shorter-term (~10 days) variability. The results reproduced correctly the reversing current system, between the Equator and Sri Lanka, in response to the changing wind field: the eastward flowing Southwest Monsoon Current (SMC) during the southwest (SW) monsoon transporting 11.5 Sv (mean over 2010–2012) and the westward flowing Northeast Monsoon Current (NMC) transporting 9.6 Sv during the NE monsoon, respectively. A recirculation feature located to the east of Sri Lanka during the SW monsoon, the Sri Lanka Dome, is shown to result from the interaction between the SMC and the island of Sri Lanka. Along the eastern and western coasts, during both monsoon periods, flow is southward converging along the southern coast. During the SW monsoon, the island deflects the eastward flowing SMC southward, whilst along the eastern coast, the southward flow results from the Sri Lanka Dome recirculation. The major upwelling region, during both monsoon periods, is located along the southern coast, resulting from southward flow converging along the southern coast and subsequent divergence associated with the offshore transport of water. Higher surface chlorophyll concentrations were observed during the SW monsoon. The location of the flow convergence and hence the upwelling centre was dependent on the relative strengths of wind-driven flow along the eastern and western coasts: during the SW (NE) monsoon, the flow along the western (eastern) coast was stronger, migrating the upwelling centre to the east (west).

Download Full-text

Evaluation of periotic–timpanic bone complex of Sotalia guianensis (Cetacea: Delphinidae) as tool in identification of geographic variations

Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom ◽

10.1017/s0025315413001689 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 94 (6) ◽

pp. 1127-1132 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Danilo Leal Arcoverde ◽

Renata Emin-Lima ◽

Alexandra Fernandes Costa ◽

Ana Paula Madeira Di Beneditto ◽

Salvatore Siciliano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Geographic Variation ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Effective Characteristics ◽

Brazilian Coast ◽

Morphometric Characteristics ◽

Geographic Variations ◽

Morphometric Measurements ◽

Operational Taxonomic Units ◽

Sotalia Guianensis

Morphometric characteristics of the periotic–timpanic bone complex in the middle ear of cetaceans, are effective characteristics in evaluating systematics. However, they have not been used for studies of geographic variation regarding dolphins of the genus Sotalia. This study aimed to compare the periotic–timpanic of Sotalia guianensis from four distinct locations, considered here as different operational taxonomic units, Amapá/Pará (AM/PA), Maranhão/Piauí (MA/PI), Ceará (CE), and Rio de Janeiro (RJ), using 21 morphometric measurements. Multivariate analysis showed significant distinction mainly between the units of northern (AM/PA and MA/PI) and south-eastern (RJ) Brazilian coast. The timpanic bone showed variation, reaching larger sizes in the Brazilian south coast unit, corroborating current molecular data on the geographic variation of S. guianensis.

Download Full-text