scholarly journals BIOSOCIAL DIVERSITY OF SCOTS PINE (PINUS SYLVESTRIS L.) IN A TREE STAND IN RELATION TO CHOSEN HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY INDICATORS OF THE STEM

Wood Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-462
Author(s):  
Tomasz Jelonek ◽  
Witold Pazdrowski ◽  
Joanna Kopaczyk ◽  
Magdalena Arasimowicz-Jelonek ◽  
Arkadiusz Tomczak
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Annual Rings ◽  
Tree Stand ◽  
Living Space ◽  
Peripheral Area ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Water Nutrients

The research focused in determining the lignification indicator of fresh needled springs and the mass of fresh needles in reference to the lignin content in tracheid walls of peripheral area of the stem (MFT/LC and MFN/LC) of Scots pine differentiated as far as its biosocial position within the community expressed by Kraft’s classification. The material for the analysis came from mature pine stands growing on North European Plain, on the territory of Poland. Chemical and structural analyses of wood encompassed the area of mature sapwood, i.e. thickness of the last 10 annual rings located at 1.3 m (DBH). It seems that the noticed differences values of both indicators (MFT/LC and MFN/LC) in pines belonging to the first three Kraft’s biological classes are connected with physiological, physical and structural conditionings of water transport with minerals in xylem and are closely connected with competition for sunlight, water, nutrients and living space.

Climate-tree-growth relationships of Scots pine stands (Pinus sylvestris L.) exposed to soil dryness

Trees ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Oberhuber ◽  
M. Stumböck ◽  
Werner Kofler
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Soil Dryness ◽  
Scots Pine Stands

Physical properties of the mor layer in a Scots pine stand I. Hydraulic conductivity

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Laurén ◽  
J. Heiskanen
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Hydraulic Properties ◽  
Matric Potential ◽  
Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Undisturbed Samples ◽  
Constant Head ◽  
Humified Peat ◽  
Properties Of Soil

Hydraulic conductivity in the mor layer of a Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stand was measured in undisturbed samples using the constant-head permeameter and instantaneous-profile method. Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) averaged 2.9 × 102 m d−1. With a decrease in matric potential (ψ) from −4 kPa to −70 kPa the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity (K(ψ)) decreased from 3.1 × 10−3 to 1.1 × 10−8 m d−1. Ks and K(ψ) were similar to those reported in the literature for low-humified peat. The variation in hydraulic conductivity within a stand of Scots pine at a given matric potential was large, ranging from one to two orders of magnitude. Key words: F horizon, humus, hydraulic properties of soil

scholarly journals The effect of planting, seeding and soil preparation on the regeneration success of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) on drained peatlands – 10-year results

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-106
Author(s):  
Jyrki Hytönen ◽  
Hannu Hökkä ◽  
Markku Saarinen
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Alces Alces ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Soil Preparation ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Scots Pine Stands

AbstractWe studied the effect of regeneration (planting/seeding) and soil preparation methods (no soil preparation/scalping/mounding) on the regeneration success of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) on three drained peatland Scots pine stands in northern Finland. After ten years, planting and sowing showed no differences in the total number of Scots pine seedlings (one seedling per sowing spot accepted) with the exception of the Sievi experiment. Without soil preparation the total number of Scots pine seedlings was 350–600 per ha. Scalping increased the number of Scots pine seedlings to 550–900 per ha, with the exception of seeding at Sievi. In mounded plots, with the exception of seeded plots at the Sievi site, the number of planted or seeded seedlings was 1,325–2,350 per ha. The number of crop seedlings in all the experiments and for all the soil preparation treatments reached the target of 2,000 seedlings per ha if naturally regenerated Scots pine, Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) or birch (Betula spp.) seedlings were accepted as such. Moose (Alces alces L.) damage in Scots pine crop seedlings ranged from 4% in Sievi to 65% in Simo. The proportion of planted or seeded Scots pines of the crop seedlings was 23% in unprepared plots, 30% in scalped plots and 75% in mounded plots. Mounding increased the share of Scots pine seedlings in the overall crop seedlings. Planted seedlings were taller than seeded seedlings. Planting in mounds gave the best overall results in terms of the number of crop seedlings and their height ten years after the treatment.

scholarly journals Estimating Genetic Parameters for Wood Density of Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)

2006 ◽  
Vol 55 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 84-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Fries ◽  
Tore Ericsson
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Wood Density ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Annual Ring ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Mature Wood ◽  
Annual Rings

Abstract Wood density was analysed and annual ring width was measured on increment cores from 1400 trees in a 30-year-old full-sib progeny test of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in north Sweden. Genetic parameters for wood density were analysed separately for ten outer annual rings, and for simple averages of the five most recent years. The evaluation included genetic correlations with height and stem diameter. Heritabilities of density estimated separately for each annual ring was 0.14-0.26 without any age trend, and jointly for the ten or five latest rings 0.30-0.33; for height growth it was 0.30-0.42 and for stem diameter 0.11-0.13. Additive genetic correlations with height and stem diameter were negative with the simplest statistical model (ȓA = -0.425 and 0.511, respectively) but vanished or diminished when ring width was added as covariate. Density breeding values calculated for the parent trees for each of ten annual rings separately varied considerably between parent trees and between years, tending to increase with increasing age, with a substantial increase between the ages 14 to 16 years from the pith. This age fits well with literature data on the change from juvenile to mature wood. The genetic correlation for wood density between rings from different years was high: ȓA = 0.8 ten years apart, increasing to 1.0 for neighbouring rings. The high genetic correlations for wood density between the innermost and outermost annual rings indicate possible strong covariation between juvenile and/or transition wood and mature wood. The annual variation in wood density in relation to genetic regulation, phenology, environmental conditions, and development from juvenile to mature age is discussed.

scholarly journals An economic aspect of conversion of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands in the Polish Lowland

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 293-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Węgiel ◽  
R. Jaszczak ◽  
G. Rączka ◽  
P. Strzeliński ◽  
D. Sugiero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Economic Aspect ◽  
Mixed Forests ◽  
Stand Conversion ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Average Wood ◽  
Wood Increment

Pine stands at fertile sites need conversion into broadleaved or mixed forests. Yet, according to the age of stand, conversion may have different economic results. Therefore, in order to reduce costs of the process, the analysis on the basis of the potential income from wood sale has been done. The aim of the analysis has been to find an optimal date of conversion beginning. The date of conversion beginning has been fixed on the basis of the relation of the value of wood increment from the stands which need conversion to the value of average wood increment from stands conformable to the sites. By this means, three age intervals have been appointed.

Variation of tracheid length within annual rings of Scots pine and Norway spruce

Holzforschung ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harri Mäkinen ◽  
Tuula Jyske ◽  
Pekka Saranpää
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Juvenile Wood ◽  
Mature Wood ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Annual Rings ◽  
Tracheid Length

Abstract Variation of tracheid length was studied within individual annual rings of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) from the pith to the bark. The material consisted of six Scots pine and six Norway spruce trees growing on sites of both low and high fertility. Microtome sections of 0.25 mm thick were cut from annual rings 7, 20 and 50 counted from the pith outwards, i.e., juvenile, transition and mature wood, respectively. After maceration, tracheid lengths were separately measured in each sample. In juvenile wood of Scots pine, tracheids were on average 17% longer in the latewood than in earlywood. However, in juvenile wood, the first formed earlywood tracheids were slightly longer than those in the middle of the earlywood zone. In the transition and mature wood of Scots pine, the increase in tracheid length was more gradual from earlywood to latewood, and no significant differences were found between earlywood and latewood. In Norway spruce, tracheids were 2–4% longer in the latewood than in earlywood. In general, tracheid length is highly variable within annual rings and the variation can differ from ring-to-ring even within the same tree.

scholarly journals Wood structure of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) growing on flotation tailings

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-122
Author(s):  
Marta Górska ◽  
Edward Roszyk
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Radial Increment ◽  
Wood Structure ◽  
Annual Rings ◽  
Flotation Tailings ◽  
Spring Frost ◽  
Xylem Tissue ◽  
Control Samples

Abstract The aim of this study was to examine Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) xylem changes caused by heavy metal pollution. Annual rings width, number of tracheids in radial rows and the length of tracheids in the wood from trees growing on post-flotation tailings have been measured. Dimensions of tracheids have been examined separately for early- and latewood of each radial increment. The most demonstrable changes are observed in the tracheids length, which appears to be shorter in the xylem from the industrial area than in the control samples. In the wood from the polluted site, the variability of length of tracheids is increased. Microscopic observations revealed numerous deformations in the xylem tissue and deviations from the standard cell arrangement. Circumferential deformations occurring in the wood structure may indicate the increasing spring frost vulnerability of these trees.

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