scholarly journals On river plumes along the Turkish coast of the Black Sea

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 63-78
Author(s):  
Andrey G. Kostianoy ◽  
Sergey A. Lebedev ◽  
Dmitry M. Soloviev ◽  
Yalcin Tepe
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
River Runoff ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
River Plumes ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
Heavy Rains

Heavy rains have become a serious problem for the coastal zone of the Krasnodar Territory of the Russian Federation and the Black Sea coast of Turkey. They lead to a significant increase in water levels in rivers, flooding of villages and even large cities, damage to urban and tourist infrastructure, roads and railways, bridges, beaches, flushing of garbage and sewage into rivers. This leads to environmental problems and even loss of life. River runoff forms river plumes in the coastal zone of the sea, which, depending on wind speed and direction, speed and direction of coastal currents, river runoff and density difference with sea water, can have various forms and spread in different directions from the mouth of the river, as well as participate in mesoscale and sub-mesoscale circulation of coastal waters. River plumes significantly affect the quality of sea water and the sanitary and epidemiological situation on the beaches of the resort area of Krasnodar Territory and Turkey. The situation is aggravated by the fact that sewage systems are in poor condition in cities or are completely absent in most of small villages along rivers and the coastal zone. After heavy rains, wastewater very often reaches the sea and poses a serious threat to human health. The purpose of this study is to use satellite remote sensing to demonstrate the behavior of river plumes along the Black Sea Turkish coast.

scholarly journals Evaluation of recreational potential of Odesa Region’s beach zones

2019 ◽  
pp. 135-149
Author(s):  
L. M. Poletayeva ◽  
O. Yu. Sapko ◽  
T. A. Safranov
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
Sea Coast ◽  
Tourist Flow

Among all the natural resources available in Odesa Region vacationists prefer beaches and associated entertainments. Quality and general ecological condition of the beaches in addition to the potential and actual beach capacity are key factors for tourist flow to Odesa Region and its socio-economic development. In order to substantiate the recreational and tourist development of the territory an economic and logistic evaluation of its resource base should be carried out. This will make it possible to determine an input tourist flow which dictates the volumes of required tourist infrastructure and material and technical facilities. The purpose of this study is to evaluate recreational potential of Odesa Region’s beach zones. To achieve this, all main natural and anthropogenic factors determining the recreational potential of the coastal zone were analyzed. The study is also based on scientific researches in the field of recreational and tourist activities made by well-known experts, on the existing regulatory frameworks and results of the authors' own research works. For the first time, recreational capacity and logistic potential of Odesa Region’s beach zones were estimated. Based on this estimation multiple conclusions about the most promising areas for future development of the recreation sector were made. It was determined that favorable climatic conditions, considerable length of beaches and other natural and recreational resources allow us to speak about good prospects of the Odesa Region’s coastal zone for various forms of recreation including thalassotherapy. In fact, thalassotherapy opportunity (first of all, beach recreation) is a very important factor of attractiveness for vacationists visiting the Odesa Region’s coastal zone. According to our research, Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi, Tatarbunarskyi and Lymanskyi districts are the most promising ones for recreational development. The total capacity of the beaches here even exceeds the districts' own population. Conducted recreational zoning of the Odesa’s Black Sea coast established that, based on the natural recreational factors, out of 9 recreational microdistricts only 3 of them may be classified as favorable, with 5 being relatively favorable and 1 – completely unfavorable. But, from the perspective of sea water quality, some microdistricts (Luzanivskyi and Arkadiyskyi) do not meet sanitary standards during the period of intense precipitation. It was found that there is a need for expansion of beach areas as well as a need for regulation and redistribution of the recreational and tourist flow. In order to increase recreational attractiveness of Odesa Region, regional and city administrations should pay more attention to the ecological conditions of beach areas of the Black Sea coast. The obtained results may be used by the Department of Culture and Tourism of the Odesa Regional State Administration, divisions of the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of Ukraine in order to assess the recreational potential of the Odesa Region’s beach areas.

Heavy metal assessment in algae, sediments and water from the Bulgarian Black Sea coast

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 207-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Jordanova ◽  
A. Strezov ◽  
M. Ayranov ◽  
N. Petkov ◽  
T. Stoilova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Enteromorpha Intestinalis ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Cystoseira Barbata ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
Sea Coast

The aim of our investigation is a survey of heavy metal pollution in algae, sediments and water from the Bulgarian Black Sea coast and determination of algae species appropriate as bioindicators. The levels of iron, copper, manganese, zinc, lead and cadmium are determined in water, sediments and eight species of macroalgae: (four green: Cladofora laetevirens, Ulva rigida, Enteromorpha intestinalis and Bryopsis plumosa; two brown: Cystoseira crinita and Cystoseira barbata; and two red: Ceramium rubrum and Corallina mediterranium), widely distributed in the Bulgarian coastal zone, and dominant in the Black Sea. The studied area is the littoral coastal zone from four locations - Tuzlata, Ravda, Ahtopol and Sinemoretz. No significant variations between metal concentrations in algae samples are obtained, while for sediments and water there are significant differences between location and season. The Cladofora laetevirens and Ceramium rubrum species show the highest metal content while Cystoseira crinita and Cystoseira barbata show the lowest level. The correlation coefficients and concentration factors of the elements are calculated.

LONG-TERM MONITORING OF SEASONAL AND INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY OF HYDROLOGICAL STRUCTURE IN COASTAL ZONE OF THE NORTH-EASTERN BLACK SEA

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Podymov ◽  
O. Podymov ◽  
N. Kuzevanova ◽  
N. Kuzevanova ◽  
A. Khvorosch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Hydrogen Sulphide ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Homogeneous Layer ◽  
Marmara Sea ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
North Eastern Part

The work demonstrates the results of the 6-years complex ship-borne monitoring of coastal zone in the north-eastern part of the Black Sea, carried out by the Southern Branch of P.P.Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, RAS, on a marine cross-section at the Blue Bay (Gelendzhik) beam 1-2 times per month. Climatic changes and eutrophication exert a significant impact on the sea water at the coastal area. In case of the Black Sea these factors pile up with a permanent hydrogen sulphide contamination of the sea water below 80-200 meters depth (depending on the season and distance from the shore). Strong pycno-halocline at the depths from 70 to 160 meters, formed due to the inflow of high salinity water from the Marmara Sea, inhibits the mixing between the water layers and, as a result, also limits the oxygen transport into the deeper layers. The winter cooling reduces the pycno-halocline and enriches the top active layer, down to the cold intermediate layer (CIL), with oxygen and nutrients, which subsequently lead to a vernal phytoplankton bloom. Formation of the thermocline and upper quasi-homogeneous layer (UQL), caused by the water warming in spring, at large extent determines a thickness of phytoplankton-rich layer during the spring and summer seasons. The work demonstrates seasonal and interannual dynamics of the UQL, thermocline, CIL and hydrogen sulphide boundary position in the coastal zone of the north-eastern part of the Black Sea.

scholarly journals Forecast of the Maximal Flow for the Caucasus Black Sea Coast Rivers

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Precipitation Amount ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
River Flow Forecasting ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
Forecasting System ◽  
Sea Coast

Methods of the maximum river flow forecasting of the Mzymta, Sochi, Zapadnyi Dagomys, Kuapse, Tuapse and Vulan rivers have been developed in order to prevent the flood risk on the rivers of the Black Sea coast. Approach of sufficiently accurate and efficient forecasting of maximum discharges and water levels with a lead time of one day has been developed on the basis of a hydrological model of snowmelt and rainfall runoff formation. A scheme for the computation of daily critical precipitation amount at the meteorological stations causing the exceeding with a given probability of critical flow rates and water levels during the expected day was proposed. Techniques of dangerous flooding probability computation during the next day and next five days depending on the initial hydro/meteorological data available on the forecast issue date of hydro/meteorological information have been developed. The proposed methods can be implemented in the operational automated flood forecasting system and used for warning of dangerous floods on the rivers of the Black Sea coast.

LONG-TERM MONITORING OF SEASONAL AND INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY OF HYDROLOGICAL STRUCTURE IN COASTAL ZONE OF THE NORTH-EASTERN BLACK SEA

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Podymov ◽  
O. Podymov ◽  
N. Kuzevanova ◽  
N. Kuzevanova ◽  
A. Khvorosch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Hydrogen Sulphide ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Homogeneous Layer ◽  
Marmara Sea ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
North Eastern Part

The work demonstrates the results of the 6-years complex ship-borne monitoring of coastal zone in the north-eastern part of the Black Sea, carried out by the Southern Branch of P.P.Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, RAS, on a marine cross-section at the Blue Bay (Gelendzhik) beam 1-2 times per month. Climatic changes and eutrophication exert a significant impact on the sea water at the coastal area. In case of the Black Sea these factors pile up with a permanent hydrogen sulphide contamination of the sea water below 80-200 meters depth (depending on the season and distance from the shore). Strong pycno-halocline at the depths from 70 to 160 meters, formed due to the inflow of high salinity water from the Marmara Sea, inhibits the mixing between the water layers and, as a result, also limits the oxygen transport into the deeper layers. The winter cooling reduces the pycno-halocline and enriches the top active layer, down to the cold intermediate layer (CIL), with oxygen and nutrients, which subsequently lead to a vernal phytoplankton bloom. Formation of the thermocline and upper quasi-homogeneous layer (UQL), caused by the water warming in spring, at large extent determines a thickness of phytoplankton-rich layer during the spring and summer seasons. The work demonstrates seasonal and interannual dynamics of the UQL, thermocline, CIL and hydrogen sulphide boundary position in the coastal zone of the north-eastern part of the Black Sea.

SEA-PORT CONSTRUCTION IMPACT ON LIMAN NATURE ALONG THE BLACK SEA COASTAL ENVIRONMENT

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Р. Перерайс ◽  
R. Pererays
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Coastal Environment ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Shore Protection ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Sea Ports ◽  
Wave Erosion ◽  
Port Construction

Construction of sea-ports in limanic aquathory along the Northern Black Sea coast have prefer impact on the coastal environment. Especially deep impact have liman bottom artificial deepening, liman slopes artificial reconstruction, navigate canals, jetties of different sizes, ground dumps etc. Typical examples are Odessa, Ill'ichevsk, Yuzhniy commercial sea-ports in northern sector of the Black Sea. On shores nearest Port Yuzhniy jetties was firstly employed new construction against sea wave erosion. This new artificial shore terrace, that consist of natural matherials, expressed as shore protection, purification of sea water, needless ground depot, new shore territory and squire for recreants simultaneous.

scholarly journals Investigation of concrete properties of reinforced concrete constructions of structures operated in the coastal zone of the Black Sea coast

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Erofeev ◽  
Tatiana Elchishcheva ◽  
Alexander Rodin ◽  
Igor Smirnov ◽  
Dmitry Merkulov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Concrete Properties ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
Sea Coast

scholarly journals Renewable energy sources in maintaining environmental stability on the Black Sea coast

2021 ◽  
Vol 250 ◽  
pp. 05001
Author(s):  
Mzia Diasamidze ◽  
Ana Shotadze
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Environmental Stability ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
Project Monitoring ◽  
Sea Area ◽  
Relationship Of

The aim of this research is to study the main ecological parameters of the Black Sea in an experimental way as well as to evaluate the results and to draw conclusions. We aim at determining the cause of pollution of the sea area represented by the emissions from ships’ engines and pollution by surface waters. Our empirical part that included the field expeditions, sampling was carried out with the involvement of students within the framework of the internal grant research project “Monitoring of the Black Sea Ecological Status - Sea Water Quality Survey”. We studied the level of pollution of two rivers flowing into the Black Sea, Bartskhana and Kubistskali, and made relevant conclusions about the types of pollution, proper measurements and causal relationship of the causes of sea water pollution with the vessels entering the port of Batumi.

Tsunami vulnerability along the western Bulgarian Black Sea coast - from the historical review towards multidisciplinary assessment approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyubka Pashova ◽  
Liliya Dimitrova ◽  
Emil Oynakov ◽  
Vasko Galabov
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Tsunami Hazard ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Tsunami Modelling ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
Hazard And Risk ◽  
Sea Coast

<p>Over the last two decades, in line with the global trend of expanding research into natural hazards and disaster risk reduction, the tsunami hazard and risk assessment along the coast of Europe has become a hot topic of research. In all its aspects, tsunami research includes the study of tsunami documentary evidence, historical data collection, field experiments, laboratory research, theoretical numerical and analytical modelling, and in-depth analysis of recent tsunami events. Tsunami modelling research methodologies and holistic approaches to risk assessment are continually being improved. Researches are directed to develop conventional standardised methods to analyse tsunami hazard and risk with associated uncertainties, aiming to reduce possible adverse effects on potentially vulnerable coastal settlements, coastal and marine infrastructures and natural ecosystems.</p><p>In the Black Sea, dangerous tsunami waves are a relatively rare phenomenon that cannot be forecast. Multidisciplinary studies focused on mapping and dating past events on the Black Sea coast, determining the causes, frequency of recurrence, and current prospects for tsunamis occurrence (risk) are not yet fully clarified or are in their infancy. Moreover, tsunami hazard along the Bulgarian coast is poorly understood and not considered in the National methodology for flood hazards and risk in the coastal zone. Numerical tsunami modelling performed in recent years for the region still needs to be improved. These events are relatively rare, few such cases have been documented, and validation data are scarce or missing.</p><p>This study provides a comprehensive inventory of tsunami sources from scientific publications, model studies of tsunami generated waves carried out during the recent years and an analysis of the results from recently established early warning systems in the Black Sea region. For the Bulgarian coastal zone, the results of studies of active faults with tsunamigenic potential in and around vulnerable coastal zones, available registrations at sea level during seismic events and some extreme meteorological events for the last century are summarized. A near-field and far-field tsunami sources that can generate tsunamis and affect the Bulgarian coastline are briefly reviewed. High-resolution data are needed for more credible tsunami numerical modelling for the western Black Sea region. Preliminary studies of the available datasets regarding Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and bathymetry for specific locations along the coastal zone are presented as well the needed accuracy and completeness of the data. Some consideration regarding the available and newly establish research infrastructure in the western Black Sea are also discussed.</p><p><strong>Acknowledgements:</strong><strong> </strong>The authors would like to thank the Bulgarian National Science Fund for co-funding the research under the Contract КП-СЕ-КОСТ/8, 25.09.2020, which is carried out within the framework of COST Action 18109 “Accelerating Global science In Tsunami HAzard and Risk analysis” (AGITHAR; https://www.agithar.uni-hamburg.de/).</p>

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