Endo-Helminth Fauna of the Rainbow Lizard (Agama Agama)

This parasitological study was carried out between February and May 2019 to determine the prevalence and intensity of helminthiasis in the rainbow lizard (Agama agama) in Okrika, Rivers State, Nigeria. A total of one hundred and fifty-one (151) specimens made up of 93 males and 75 females were caught by a local netting system during the day and anaesthesized with chloroform. Samples were collected from two stations (Ogoloma-Ama and Oba-Ama). After dissection, the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, rectum, liver, lungs, urinary bladder, heart and body cavity were searched for helminths using conventional methods. Five species of helminths belonging to Nematoda - Strongyluris brevicaudata, Parapharyngodon awokoyai, encysted Ascaridida larva, Cestoda - Oochoristica sp. and Trematoda - Mesocoelium spp - were recovered from infected lizards. Helminths infected one hundred and twenty-three (123) (82%) of the lizards. In Oba-Ama, forty-five (45) (76.3%) out of 59 and in Ogoloma-Ama, seventy-eight (78) (84.8%) out of 92 were infected with helminths. By abundance, in both locations, the males were more infected than their female counterparts with a prevalence of 51(93%) and 72(75%) (P<0.05), respectively. This study has revealed the helminth parasites infecting the agamid lizard of Rivers State, Nigeria. It has also shown some unidentified species of Mesocoelium and Oochoristica sp. Additionally the trapping system used was also found to be effective and efficient.

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A new method using a vessel-sealing system provides coagulation effects to various types of bleeding with less thermal damage

Surgical Endoscopy ◽

10.1007/s00464-020-08043-z ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Shosaburo Oyama ◽

Takashi Nonaka ◽

Keitaro Matsumoto ◽

Daisuke Taniguchi ◽

Yasumasa Hashimoto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Thermal Damage ◽

New Method ◽

Porcine Liver ◽

Energy Devices ◽

Vessel Sealing System ◽

Vessel Sealing ◽

Soft Coagulation ◽

Conventional Methods ◽

Porcine Organs

Abstract Background Hemostasis is very important for a safe surgery, particularly in endoscopic surgery. Accordingly, in the last decade, vessel-sealing systems became popular as hemostatic devices. However, their use is limited due to thermal damage to organs, such as intestines and nerves. We developed a new method for safe coagulation using a vessel-sealing system, termed flat coagulation (FC). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of this new FC method compared to conventional coagulation methods. Methods We evaluated the thermal damage caused by various energy devices, such as the vessel-sealing system (FC method using LigaSure™), ultrasonic scissors (Sonicision™), and monopolar electrosurgery (cut/coagulation/spray/soft coagulation (SC) mode), on porcine organs, including the small intestine and liver. Furthermore, we compared the hemostasis time between the FC method and conventional methods in the superficial bleeding model using porcine mesentery. Results FC caused less thermal damage than monopolar electrosurgery’s SC mode in the porcine liver and small intestine (liver: mean depth of thermal damage, 1.91 ± 0.35 vs 3.37 ± 0.28 mm; p = 0.0015). In the superficial bleeding model, the hemostasis time of FC was significantly shorter than that of electrosurgery’s SC mode (mean, 19.54 ± 22.51 s vs 44.99 ± 21.18 s; p = 0.0046). Conclusion This study showed that the FC method caused less thermal damage to porcine small intestine and liver than conventional methods. This FC method could provide easier and faster coagulation of superficial bleeds compared to that achieved by electrosurgery’s SC mode. Therefore, this study motivates for the use of this new method to achieve hemostasis with various types of bleeds involving internal organs during endoscopic surgeries.

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Complete scrotal urinary bladder hernia with both ureters and small intestine presenting as dysuria, bilateral ureterohydronephrosis, and acute renal insufficiency

Bratislava Medical Journal ◽

10.4149/bll_2013_137 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 114 (11) ◽

pp. 642-644

Author(s):

V. Nagy ◽

I. Kilar

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Urinary Bladder ◽

Renal Insufficiency ◽

Bladder Hernia ◽

Acute Renal Insufficiency

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The helminth parasites of two sympatric species of the genus Apodemus (Rodentia, Muridae) from south-eastern Slovakia

Acta Parasitologica ◽

10.2478/s11686-010-0043-1 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 55 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Jarmila Ondríková ◽

Dana Miklisová ◽

Alexis Ribas ◽

Michal Stanko

Keyword(s):

Sympatric Species ◽

Helminth Fauna ◽

Hymenolepis Diminuta ◽

Individual Species ◽

Helminth Parasites ◽

Heligmosomoides Polygyrus ◽

Mean Intensity ◽

Host Ecology ◽

Taenia Taeniaeformis ◽

Rodent Populations

AbstractThe helminths of two sympatric species of rodents, the striped field mouse Apodemus agrarius and the yellow-necked mouse, Apodemus flavicollis from Slovakia were studied to determine whether there are similarities in the composition of the helminth fauna of two closely related host species living in the same area. A total of twelve species of helminths were identified in these rodent populations, including Brachylaima sp. (Trematoda); Hymenolepis diminuta (Rudolphi, 1819), Mesocestoides sp. larvae, Rodentolepis fraterna (Stiles, 1906), Rodentolepis straminea (Goeze, 1782), Skrjabinotaenia lobata (Baer, 1925), Taenia taeniaeformis larvae (Batsch, 1786) (Cestoda); Aonchotheca annulosa (Dujardin, 1845), Heligmosomoides polygyrus (Dujardin, 1845), Heterakis spumosa Schneider, 1866, Mastophorus muris (Gmelin, 1790) and Syphacia stroma (Linstow, 1884) (Nematoda). In A. agrarius, H. polygyrus was the most prevalent, as well as the most abundant helminth, but R. fraterna was the species with the highest mean intensity. In contrast, S. stroma dominated the A. flavicollis helminth fauna with the highest prevalence, mean abundance and mean intensity. Both rodent populations harboured nine helminth species, although the mean individual species richness was significantly higher in A. agrarius than in A. flavicollis. The analysis of helminth diversity at both component and infracommunity levels revealed differences between the two rodent populations, which are most likely attributable to the specific host ecology.

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Checklist of helminth parasites of cetaceans from Brazil

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.2548.14 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2548 (1) ◽

pp. 57 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

JOSÉ L. LUQUE ◽

LUÍS C. MUNIZ-PEREIRA ◽

SALVATORE SICILIANO ◽

LIEGE R. SIQUEIRA ◽

MAGDA S. OLIVEIRA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Helminth Fauna ◽

Helminth Species ◽

Helminth Parasites ◽

Helminthological Collection ◽

Unpublished Information

Based on published records and unpublished information retrieved from the Helminthological Collection of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute (CHIOC), a checklist of the helminth parasites of cetaceans from Brazil was generated. A total of 215 records of 18 species of helminths were associated with 22 species of cetaceans in Brazil. Six species determined only to genus were also included. The majority of these helminth species are nematodes (33.3%) and trematodes (33.3%), which total 66.6% of the helminth fauna of cetaceans from Brazil. The Acanthocephala represents 22.2% of species, and the Cestoda 11.1%.

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Fasciola hepatica: a technique for the study of gut penetration by juvenile flukes

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182000085255 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 83 (2) ◽

pp. 249-252 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

D. J. Burden ◽

A. P. Bland ◽

D. L. Hughes ◽

N. C. Hammet

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Small Intestine ◽

Fasciola Hepatica ◽

Body Cavity ◽

The Body ◽

Ultrathin Sections ◽

Resistance To Infection ◽

Electron Microscopes

SUMMARYA method using light and electron microscopes is described which is suitable for the examination of gut penetration by juvenile Fasciola hepatica. It involved the ligation of small sections of the small intestine of rats and the introduction of artificially excysted flukes into these gut loops. By restricting the area of infection in this way it was possible to either recover flukes from the gut lumen or to prepare ultrathin sections for electron microscopy of flukes penetrating the gut wall. In addition, flukes were recovered from the body cavity at various times after preparation of loops in resistant and naive rats. It was found that more flukes reached the body cavity in naive rats than in resistant rats, demonstrating a resistance to infection in the gut loops of sensitized rats.

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Helminth Parasites of Anurans from Zaria, Northern Guinea Savannah Zone of Nigeria

Nigerian Journal of Parasitology ◽

10.4314/njpar.v41i2.12 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

Author(s):

E.U Anele ◽

I.H Nock ◽

I.M.K Gadzama

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Infection Intensity ◽

Parasite Prevalence ◽

Xenopus Tropicalis ◽

Helminth Parasites ◽

Infestation Level ◽

New Host ◽

The Difference ◽

Savannah Zone ◽

New Host Records

Helminth parasitc infections were investigated in 150 Anurans collected in parts of the Northern Guinea Savannah during thedry and wet seasons of 2016. The Anurans that were investigated included Amietophrynus regularis, Kassina senegalensis,Afrixalus vittiger, Xenopus tropicalis, Xenopus fischbergi, Pyxiecephalus cf. edulis, Hoplobatrachus occipitalis, Amniranagalamensis and Ptychadena pumilio. Overall prevalence of helminth parasites was 64% (94/150). Seven species ofhelminths belonging to three taxonomic classes were recovered: Monogenea 4%, Trematoda 19.33% and Nematoda 40.67%were identified. Eupolystoma alluaudi (30%) was the only monogenean recorded from the bladder of S. regularis. Tematodesfound were Diplodischus fishthalicus (53.49%) and Haematoloechus micrurus (67.45%) from the rectum and lungs of H.occipitalis, respectively. Nematodes included Camallanus microcephalus from the oesophagus and small intestine of X.fischbergi ( 62.96%) and X. tropicalis (100 %), respectively, Camallanus dimitrovi (25.58%) from the small intestine andrectum of H. occipitalis, an unidentified nematode from the oesophagus and small intestine of X. fischbergi (1.85%) and X.tropicalis (33.33%), and an Aplectana (85.00%%) species from the small intestine and rectum of S. regularis. Except forEupolystoma alluaudi, the infestation level was generally low. Parasite prevalence was higher during the wet (39.33%) thandry (24.67%) season and the difference was not significant (p = 0.17). The prevalence and infection intensity were lower thanthose reported from anurans in southern biotopes of Nigeria. The occurrence of Camallanus macrocephalus is a new recordfor Nigeria, while X. fischbergi and X. tropicalis are new host records for C. macrocephalus. Keywords: Anurans, helminth, prevalence, Northern Guinea Savannah, Nigeria

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Intestinal helminth parasites of the ray Raja naevus in British waters

Journal of Helminthology ◽

10.1017/s0022149x00007215 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 51 (1) ◽

pp. 11-21 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

A. H. McVicar

Keyword(s):

Species Composition ◽

Significant Variation ◽

Nematode Species ◽

Life Cycles ◽

Helminth Fauna ◽

Intestinal Helminth ◽

Helminth Parasites ◽

Geographical Differences ◽

Host Sex ◽

Host Diet

ABSTRACTFive cestode, one monogenean, and two nematode species comprised the “normal” intestinal helminth fauna of Raja naevus in British waters. An additional two nematodes, a digenean, an acanthocephalan and a crustacean recorded are considered to be accidental infections. Geographical differences in the species composition and level of infection are noted and discussed. Short descriptions of the tetraphyllidean cestode Echeneibothrium sp. and the nematode Capillaria sp. are given, but the species, although probably both new, are left unnamed. The intensity of cestode infections show two patterns associated with host length and these are discussed in relation to variations in host diet. Speculations are made on the cestode life cycles. Only Echeneibothrium sp. numbers showed any significant variation associated with host sex.

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A checklist of helminth fauna of weatherfish, Misgurnus fossilis (Pisces, Cobitidae): state of the art, species list and perspectives of further studies

Helminthologia ◽

10.2478/s11687-008-0036-x ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 45 (4) ◽

pp. 181-184 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Popiołek ◽

J. Kotusz

Keyword(s):

Geographical Distribution ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Helminth Fauna ◽

Helminth Parasites ◽

Species List ◽

Larval Stages ◽

Natural Range ◽

Current List ◽

Specific Parasite ◽

Misgurnus Fossilis

AbstractThe helminth fauna of weatherfish (Misgurnus fossilis) in natural range is reviewed. Several helminth species reported in weatherfish are discussed with reference to host specificity and their geographical distribution. The current list of helminth parasites of the weatherfish includes 37 species. Most (15) are digenean trematodes, half of them being larval stages. Only one species of trematode — Allocreadium transversale is more specific parasite of weatherfish. Second largest group are Monogenea, with 10 species. Two of them (Gyrodactylus strelkovi and G. misgurni) are found only in the genus Misgurnus. Tapeworms (6 species) and Nematodes (6 species) are less numerous. No Acanthocephala, however, were ever found.

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