Helminth Parasites of Anurans from Zaria, Northern Guinea Savannah Zone of Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
E.U Anele ◽  
I.H Nock ◽  
I.M.K Gadzama
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Infection Intensity ◽  
Parasite Prevalence ◽  
Xenopus Tropicalis ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Infestation Level ◽  
New Host ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Savannah Zone ◽  
New Host Records

Helminth parasitc infections were investigated in 150 Anurans collected in parts of the Northern Guinea Savannah during thedry and wet seasons of 2016. The Anurans that were investigated included Amietophrynus regularis, Kassina senegalensis,Afrixalus vittiger, Xenopus tropicalis, Xenopus fischbergi, Pyxiecephalus cf. edulis, Hoplobatrachus occipitalis, Amniranagalamensis and Ptychadena pumilio. Overall prevalence of helminth parasites was 64% (94/150). Seven species ofhelminths belonging to three taxonomic classes were recovered: Monogenea 4%, Trematoda 19.33% and Nematoda 40.67%were identified. Eupolystoma alluaudi (30%) was the only monogenean recorded from the bladder of S. regularis. Tematodesfound were Diplodischus fishthalicus (53.49%) and Haematoloechus micrurus (67.45%) from the rectum and lungs of H.occipitalis, respectively. Nematodes included Camallanus microcephalus from the oesophagus and small intestine of X.fischbergi ( 62.96%) and X. tropicalis (100 %), respectively, Camallanus dimitrovi (25.58%) from the small intestine andrectum of H. occipitalis, an unidentified nematode from the oesophagus and small intestine of X. fischbergi (1.85%) and X.tropicalis (33.33%), and an Aplectana (85.00%%) species from the small intestine and rectum of S. regularis. Except forEupolystoma alluaudi, the infestation level was generally low. Parasite prevalence was higher during the wet (39.33%) thandry (24.67%) season and the difference was not significant (p = 0.17). The prevalence and infection intensity were lower thanthose reported from anurans in southern biotopes of Nigeria. The occurrence of Camallanus macrocephalus is a new recordfor Nigeria, while X. fischbergi and X. tropicalis are new host records for C. macrocephalus. Keywords: Anurans, helminth, prevalence, Northern Guinea Savannah, Nigeria

Studies on the helminth parasites of the herring gull, Larus argentatus Pontopp., in Northern Caernarvonshire and Anglesey

Parasitology ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Threlfall
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
New Host ◽  
Herring Gulls ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Parorchis Acanthus ◽  
Two Peaks ◽  
Intestinal Trematodes ◽  
New Host Records

A survey was made of the helminth fauna of 657 herring gulls (474 ‘adults’ and 183 chicks) in northern Caernarvonshire and Anglesey during the period July 1962 to November 1964. A total of 31 species of helminths were identified (10 species of Trematoda, 11 of Cestoda and 10 of Nematoda), including 1 new species, four new host records and three new British records. Two species of Mallophaga were identified from the birds. In three cases (Gymnophallus deliciosus, Paricterotaenia porosa and Capillaria contorta) a significant difference was found in the burden carried by male and female birds. ‘Adult’ birds were generally found to be more heavily infected with helminths than the chicks, with the exception of the nematode Cyathostoma lari, which was found more frequently in the chicks. A new intermediate host for Capillaria contorta was noted, namely Eiseniella tetraedra.Three species of Trematoda, two of Cestoda, and two of Nematoda were found to be cyclic (seasonal) in their time of appearance. Tetrabothrius spp. appeared most frequently in winter, whilst Anomotaenia larina was found only during the summer months. C. lari showed a primary peak of appearance in summer, with a secondary peak in winter. Capillaria contorta appeared in high numbers throughout the year.The distribution of helminths within the birds was also examined. Gymnophallus deliciosus was generally found in the gall bladder, whilst Parorchis acanthus was found only in the rectum. Intestinal trematodes were normally found in the mid-third of the small intestine (e.g. Spelotrema excellens, Himasthla elongata). In the case of C. lingua, however, peak numbers were found in the duodenum, whilst Brachylaemus fuscatus was found most frequently in the posterior third of the small intestine. Cestodes appeared most frequently in the anterior or posterior thirds of the small intestine (e.g. Tetrabothrius spp., Anomotaenia micracantha). Hymenolepis cirrosa showed two peaks of infection along the length of the small intestine, a small one in the anterior third, a much larger one in the posterior third. Attempts were made to correlate the helminth burden found with the food eaten by the birds and the availability of intermediate hosts.I should like to thank Mr J. Hobart and Dr I. V. Herbert for all the help that they have given me in the preparation of this manuscript, and also the bodies that gave me permission to shoot birds on their land, particularly the Nature Conservancy. Finally, I would like to thank the S.R.C. for the grant that made this work possible.

scholarly journals Prevalence and intensity of pentastomid infection in two species of snakes from northeastern Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 759-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
WO Almeida ◽  
A Vasconcellos ◽  
SG Lopes ◽  
EMX Freire
Keyword(s):  
Arid Region ◽  
Infection Intensity ◽  
W State ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
New Host ◽  
Host Infection ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
New Host Records ◽  
Semi Arid

This study aimed to evaluate the infection rates of snakes by pentastomids in the semi-arid region of Brazil. Fifteen snakes (four Micrurus ibiboboca (Merrem, 1820) and eleven Philodryas nattereri Steindachner, 1870) were collected between January and April of 2005, in the municipality of Crato (07° 14' S and 39° 24' W), State of Ceará, Brazil. Laboratorial analysis of the respiratory tracts of the sampled snakes indicated differences in host infection rates: four individuals of P. nattereri (36.4%) were infected by Cephalobaena tetrapoda Heymons, 1922 (mean infection intensity 1.5 ± 0.28, 1-2) and three specimens (27.3%) by Raillietiella furcocerca (Diesing, 1863) (2.3 ± 1.32, 1-5). Only one individual of M. ibiboboca (25%) was infected by a non-identified species of Raillietiella sp. These are the first data on pentastomid infection in snakes in Northeastern Brazil and both snake species comprise new host records for the pentastomids. The results also indicate that the generalist parasites C. tetrapoda and R. furcocerca share their definitive hosts.

Checklist of helminth parasites of threatened vertebrate species from Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2123 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUÍS C. MUNIZ-PEREIRA ◽  
FABIANO M. VIEIRA ◽  
JOSÉ L. LUQUE
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Helminth Species ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Vertebrate Species ◽  
Helminthological Collection ◽  
New Host ◽  
Unpublished Information ◽  
New Host Records

Using available records, unpublished information retrieved from the Helminthological Collection of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute (CHIOC) and published reports, a checklist of the recorded helminth parasites of endangered vertebrates from Brazil was generated. A total of 772 records and 186 helminth species (6 Acanthocephala, 83 Nematoda, 23 Cestoda, 64 Trematoda, 10 Monogenea) in 76 host species (7 Actinopterygii, 8 Chondrichthyes, 1 Amphibia, 10 Reptilia, 22 Aves, 28 Mammalia) from Brazil were listed in the present work, including 39 undetermined helminth species and 10 new host records. This is the first compilation of the helminth parasites of threatened vertebrates in Brazil and in the Neotropics.

scholarly journals Cestoda, Bothriocephalidae, Bothriocephalus acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934; Nematoda, Rhabdochonidae, Rhabdochona canadensis Moravec and Arai, 1971: new records for the state of Puebla, Mexico, and a new fish host

Check List ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogelio Aguilar-Aguilar ◽  
Alexis José-Abrego ◽  
Gerardo Pérez-Ponce de León
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
Fish Host ◽  
Cyprinid Fish ◽  
The State ◽  
Helminth Fauna ◽  
Helminth Species ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
New Host ◽  
Bothriocephalus Acheilognathi ◽  
New Host Records

In order to contribute to the knowledge on helminth parasites of freshwater fishes in Mexico, the helminth fauna of the cyprinid fish Notropis moralesi was studied. The helminth species Bothriocephalus acheilognathi and Rhabdochona canadensis were recovered from 20 examined hosts. Values of prevalence, abundance and mean intensity of each infection are provided. Present work represents the first helminthological study for N. moralesi. Therefore, both helminth species recorded are new host records. This is the second report of B. acheilognathi and the first of R. canadensis for the state of Puebla.

Parasitofauna of ground-dwelling anurans from cocoa plantations in Ugboke, Edo State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-18
Author(s):  
O. Edo-Taiwo ◽  
M.S.O. Aisien
Keyword(s):  
Parasite Species ◽  
Infection Intensity ◽  
Parasite Burden ◽  
Parasite Prevalence ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Susceptible Host ◽  
Edo State ◽  
The Village ◽  
Cocoa Plantation

The parasitofauna of ground-dwelling anurans from pesticide-treated cocoa plantations (CP) in Ojo Camp, Ugboke, Edo State of Nigeria were investigated and compared with those recovered from host specimens collected from the village settlement (VS). The anurans were caught by hand following visual or acoustic location. The anurans encountered in both the VS and the CP included Aubria subsigillata, Hylarana spp. (H. albolabris and H. galamensis), Sclerophrys spp. (S. maculata and S. regularis), Ptychadena spp. (P. aequiplicata, P. longirostris, P. mascareniensis, P. oxyrhynchus and P. pumilio) and Hoplobatrachus occipitalis. Hylarana galamensis, Ptychadena spp. and Sclerophrys spp. were encountered in the VS and the CP while Aubria subsigillata, H. albolabris and H. occipitalis occurred only in the CP. The helminth parasites recovered included four cestode species (adult of Cylindrotaenia jaegerskioeldi and three encysted  proteocephalid larvae), five Polystoma spp. 11 species of digeneans and 19 nematode species. More parasite species were recovered from toads collected from the VS; parasite prevalence was generally low in both habitats but the intensity of infection was higher in the specimens collected from the VS. Although cip A. subsigillata and H. ocitalis both occurred in the CP, A. subsigillata was the more susceptible host of the two, harbouring 16 helminth parasites as against four from H. occipitalis. Polystomes were recovered from H. albolabris and H. galamensis in addition to Diplodiscus fischthalicus and Mesocoelium spp. Infections occurred  mostly among the Ptychadeniidae collected from the CP, with prevalence ranging from 12.5% to 100% and infection intensity from 1.0 to 13.0. The generally low parasite burden in anurans from the CP can possibly be attributed to the pesticide contamination of this habitat which may have hindered the development of the free-living stages of parasites in this milieu. Keywords: Anurans; cocoa plantation; pesticides; parasitofauna; prevalence; intensity.  

scholarly journals Helminth parasites of Thomomys bulbivorus (Richardson) (Rodentia: Geomyidae), with the description of a new species of Hymenolepis (Cestoda)

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 1463-1469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Lyell Gardner
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Pocket Gopher ◽  
Willamette Valley ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
New Host ◽  
Pocket Gophers ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
A New Species ◽  
New Host Records

A cestode, Hymenolepis tualatinensis n. sp., is described from the pocket gopher, Thomomys bulbivorus (Richardson) (Rodentia: Geomyidae), from the Willamette Valley in Oregon. Helminths of four additional species were found. Trichuris fossor Hall, 1916, Ransomus rodentorum Hall, 1916, Heligmosomoides thomomyos Gardner and Jasmer, 1983, and Hymenolepis horrida (von Linstow, 1901), of which all but H. thomomyos represent new host records. A significant change in prevalence of the whipworm T. fossor in the population of T. bulbivorus from spring through summer was noted. Significant differences in prevalence of infection of helminths in pocket gophers collected from two different localities in the Willamette Valley were observed.

Helminth parasites of squirrels (Sciuridae) in Saskatchewan

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (11) ◽  
pp. 2040-2050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven G. McGee
Keyword(s):  
Ground Squirrels ◽  
Tamiasciurus Hudsonicus ◽  
Glaucomys Sabrinus ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Spermophilus Tridecemlineatus ◽  
New Host ◽  
Marmota Monax ◽  
The Family ◽  
Spermophilus Franklinii ◽  
New Host Records

During the period March 1976 to November 1977, 377 mammals of the family Sciuridae (Rodentia) were collected in Saskatchewan and examined for helminths. Species and numbers of each were as follows: Spermophilus richardsonii (Sabine), 209; Spermophilus franklinii (Sabine), 46; Spermophilus tridecemlineatus (Mitchill), 31; Tamiasciurus hudsonicus (A. H. Howell), 64; Glaucomys sabrinus (Shaw), 12; Eutamias minimus (J. A. Allen), 11; and Marmota monax (Erxleben), 4.Ten species of cestodes, 2 species of trematodes, 11 species of nematodes, and 1 acanthocephalan were represented in the collections made. New host records and (or) geographic range extensions were indicated for 10 species of helminths.In addition to taxonomic considerations of the helminths, attention has been given to parasite–host relationships involving ground squirrels. In general, male Spermophilus spp. were significantly more commonly infected than were females, and older squirrels were significantly more commonly infected than were younger ones. However, adult squirrels did not have significantly more worms than did juveniles.

Helminth Parasites of the Gunner,Tautogolabrus adspersus(Walbaum) in Newfoundland

1970 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandra Sekhar S. ◽  
William Threlfall
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Tautogolabrus Adspersus ◽  
New Host ◽  
Metazoan Parasites ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Species Being ◽  
New Host Records

808 cunners,Tautogolabrus adspersus(Walbaum) were obtained from eight sampling stations around the Newfoundland coast, during the periods August-September, 19G7 and July-October, 1908. The fish were examined for metazoan parasites using conventional parasitological techniques. 22 species of parasites (10 trematode; 5 cestode; 6 nematode; 1 acanthocephalan) were recovered. This number excludes metacercariae ofCryptocotyle lingua(Creplin, 1825). 19 are new host records. Details of infections with the various species are given, each species being discussed and/or described individually. No leeches were found on this host despite the fact that it lives in. close proximity to other fish species that are heavily infested and an experiment performed to determine if leeches would move from one host species to another gave negative results.

Helminth parasites of the Newfoundland short-finned squid, Illex illecebrosus illecebrosus (LeSueur) (Cephalopoda: Decapoda)

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 1059-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth L. Brown ◽  
William Threlfall
Keyword(s):  
Species Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
New Host ◽  
First Time ◽  
New Host Records

Five genera of cestode parasites were found in the short-finned squid. Representatives of three of these, Pelichnibothrium speciosum, Monticelli, Scolex polymorphus Rudolphi, and Nybelinia sp. are new host records. The other two genera are Phyllobothrium and Dinobothrium, both of which have previously been described from Illex illecebrosus illecebrosus. The specimens of Dinobothrium collected were identified to the species level, Dinobothrium plicitum Linton, for the first time. Contrary to conclusions drawn by other workers, the plerocercoids of Phyllobothrium sp. do not wander freely about the body of the squid in nature, but are restricted to the caecum. The wandering of plerocercoids referred to above is probably a function of rising temperature over the period between time of capture of the squid and time of examination.

Capillaria obsignata Madsen, 1945 (Nematoda) from the Black Swan

1963 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Wakelin
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Domestic Fowl ◽  
Black Swan ◽  
New Host ◽  
First Time ◽  
New Host Records

1. Capillaria obsignata Madsen, 1945 is described from the small intestine of the Black Swan (Cygnus atratus) for the first time.2. The description of C. obsignata from the Black Swan is compared with the descriptions of C. anseris Madsen, 1945, C. droummondi Travassos, 1915 and C. obsignata from the domestic fowl, and it is concluded that C. anseris and C. droummondi are synonyms of C. obsignata.3. Capillaria anatis and Trichostrongylus tennis are recorded from the Black Swan as new host records.

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