Short and Long Term Evaluations of Public Employment Services in Italy

The COVID-19 pandemic has not significantly affected the increase in unemployment, including the change in the structure of long-term unemployment. Long-term unemployment increases with some delay after the recession. This article analyses the changes in the situation of long-term unemployed people in Poland before and during the COVID-2019 pandemic, presents actions taken at that time by employment and social services, and presents recommendations for the future, considering information collected from employees of poviat labour offices. In Poland, the reasons for the persistence of a relatively high level of long-term unemployment in general may include the following factors: registration in labour offices of people who, mainly for health reasons, are not ready to participate in processes of restoring the ability to work, a limited amount of funds allocated to activation of the unemployed activities and, finally, the lack of mechanisms rewarding the public employment services (PES) for bringing the long-term unemployed back to the labour market.

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Outreach Practices of Public Employment Services Targeted at NEET Youth in Poland

Youth & Society ◽

10.1177/0044118x211058224 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 0044118X2110582

Author(s):

Mateusz Smoter

Keyword(s):

Labor Force ◽

Support Systems ◽

Institutional Support ◽

Coverage Rate ◽

Local Institutions ◽

Public Employment ◽

Employment Services ◽

Remote Areas ◽

Effective Functioning

This paper contributes to our understanding of whether, and if so, how public employment services in Poland are attempting to reach young NEETs, and whether they fail or succeed in their efforts. The study shows that most NEETs below 25 years of age in Poland, including rural NEETs, remain beyond the reach of the PES registers. The coverage rate is particularly low amongst those individuals who are outside the labor force. Effective outreach strategies may prevent them from moving into long-term inactivity. The study shows that the PES offices do not cooperate closely with local institutions: moreover, they use methods for approaching the hardest-to-reach individuals and residents of remote areas infrequently. The article discusses the obstacles to the effective functioning of the PES, the factors that contribute to the PES’ successes and failures, and the consequences for young NEETs of remaining outside of institutional support systems.

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Predictive Algorithms in the Delivery of Public Employment Services

10.31235/osf.io/j7r8y ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

John Körtner ◽

Giuliano Bonoli

Keyword(s):

Labour Market ◽

Public Employment ◽

Employment Services ◽

Current State ◽

Job Opportunities ◽

Predictive Algorithms ◽

Active Labour ◽

Fairness Concerns ◽

History Of

With the growing availability of digital administrative data and the recent advances in machine learning, the use of predictive algorithms in the delivery of labour market policy is becoming more prevalent. In public employment services (PES), predictive algorithms are used to support the classification of jobseekers based on their risk of long-term unem- ployment (profiling), the selection of beneficial active labour market programs (targeting), and the matching of jobseekers to suitable job opportunities (matching). In this chapter, we offer a conceptual introduction to the applications of predictive algorithms for the different functions PES have to fulfil and review the history of their use up to the current state of the practice. In addition, we discuss two issues that are inherent to the use of predictive algorithms: algorithmic fairness concerns and the importance of considering how caseworkers will interact with algorithmic systems and make decisions based on their predictions.

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Econometric Analysis of the Factors of Long-term Unemployment in Poland

Oeconomia Copernicana ◽

10.12775/oec.2013.012 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 39-56

Author(s):

Dominik Śliwicki

Keyword(s):

Survey Methodology ◽

Supply And Demand ◽

Public Employment ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Employment Services ◽

Single Person ◽

Labor Supply And Demand ◽

And Behavior ◽

Negative Phenomena

Long-term unemployment that is lasting more than twelve months,a phenomenon described by the theory of economics as a manifestation of a permanentimbalance between labor supply and demand for labor. In fact, it bringsthe same negative effects both in terms of economic, social and individual sphere.As a result, it leads to the formation of pejorative phenomena and behavior. Tocounter these negative phenomena, public employment services in its terms ofreference have the early detection of people at risk of long-term unemployment andto take preventive measures.The purpose of this article is to present logit econometric models defining thefactors which have a significant impact on long-term unemployment. These modelscan be used to predict the probability of long-term unemployment at the microlevel, ie for a single person. Due to the fact that the survey methodology are two definitions of unemployment – the first by the methodology of the Labour ForceSurvey, the second according to the law on employment promotion and labor marketinstitutions, one presented two models describing the probability of long-termunemployment and a comparative analysis.

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Experience with Short and Long Term Courses of Local Adrenal Steroid Therapy For Ulcerative Colitis

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(62)80117-6 ◽

1962 ◽

Vol 42 (6) ◽

pp. 669-677 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Jean A. Spencer ◽

Joseph B. Kirsner

Keyword(s):

Ulcerative Colitis ◽

Steroid Therapy ◽

Adrenal Steroid ◽

Short And Long Term

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Short- and Long-Term Results of Total vs Subtotal Thyroid- ectomies in the Surgical Treatment of Graves' Disease

Swiss Surgery ◽

10.1024/1023-9332.7.1.20 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 20-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Robert ◽

Mariéthoz ◽

Pache ◽

Bertin ◽

Caulfield ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve ◽

Nerve Palsy ◽

Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy ◽

Laryngeal Nerve ◽

Long Term Results ◽

Graves Disease ◽

Laryngeal Nerve Palsy ◽

Short And Long Term

Objective: Approximately one out of five patients with Graves' disease (GD) undergoes a thyroidectomy after a mean period of 18 months of medical treatment. This retrospective and non-randomized study from a teaching hospital compares short- and long-term results of total (TT) and subtotal thyroidectomies (ST) for this disease. Methods: From 1987 to 1997, 94 patients were operated for GD. Thirty-three patients underwent a TT (mostly since 1993) and 61 a ST (keeping 4 to 8 grams of thyroid tissue - mean 6 g). All patients had received propylthiouracil and/or neo-mercazole and were in a euthyroid state at the time of surgery; they also took potassium iodide (lugol) for ten days before surgery. Results: There were no deaths. Transient hypocalcemia (< 3 months) occurred in 32 patients (15 TT and 17 ST) and persistent hypocalcemia in 8 having had TT. Two patients developed transient recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy after ST (< 3 months). After a median follow-up period of seven years (1-15) with five patients lost to follow-up, 41 patients having had a ST are in a hypothyroid state (73%), thirteen are euthyroid (23%), and two suffered recurrent hyperthyroidism, requiring completion of thyroidectomy. All 33 patients having had TT - with follow-ups averaging two years (0.5-8) - are receiving thyroxin substitution. Conclusions: There were no instances of persistent recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy in either group, but persistent hypoparathyroidism occurred more frequently after TT. Long after ST, hypothyroidism developed in nearly three of four cases, whereas euthyroidy was maintained in only one-fourth; recurrent hyperthyroidy was rare.

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