scholarly journals Interaction Effect of Process Variables on Solar-Assisted Photocatalytic Phenol Degradation in Oilfield Produced Water Over ZnO/Fe2O3 Nanocomposites

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-121
Author(s):  
Omer Al Haiqi ◽  
Abdurahman Hamid Nour ◽  
Bamidele Victor Ayodele ◽  
Rushdi Bargaa
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Phenol Degradation ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
P Value ◽  
Phenol Removal ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Oilfield Produced Water

This study investigates the interaction effects of process variables on photocatalytic phenol degradation in oil produce water. A series of ZnO/Fe2O3 nanocomposite prepared using the sol-gel method and calcined at a temperature range of 400-600 oC were employed as photocatalysts. The characterization analysis using different instrument techniques revealed that the ZnO/Fe2O3 nanocomposites have suitable physicochemical properties as photocatalysts. The photocatalytic activity of the ZnO/Fe2O3 nanocomposite was examined in photo-reactor considering the degradation of the phenol and the reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD) in the oilfield produced water under direct sunlight. It was ascertained that process variables such as irradiation time, calcination temperature of the ZnO/Fe2O3 nanocomposites, and the ZnO/Fe2O3 nanocomposites concentration significantly influenced the chemical oxygen demand and phenol removal. Based on the analysis of variance (ANOVA), the effects of the process variables on the phenol and COD removal can be ranked as irradiation time (p-value < 0.0001) > calcination temperature of the ZnO/Fe2O3 nanocomposite (p-value = 0.0003) > ZnO/Fe2O3 concentration (p-value = 0.0013). The interaction between the parameters was observed to have a substantial effect on COD and phenol removal. However, the interaction effect that produced the most significant influence on the COD and phenol removal was recorded between the irradiation time and the ZnO/Fe2O3 nanocomposite concentration.

Analysis of chemical compositions contributable to chemical oxygen demand (COD) of oilfield produced water

Chemosphere ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 322-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinren Lu ◽  
Xiulin Wang ◽  
Baotian Shan ◽  
Ximing Li ◽  
Weidong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Oilfield Produced Water

scholarly journals Boehmite nanopowder recovered from aluminum cans waste as a potential adsorbent for the treatment of oilfield produced water

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel Abdelkader ◽  
Basem M. Hussien ◽  
Eman M. Fawzy ◽  
Asma A. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Good Efficiency ◽  
Pollution Indicator ◽  
Oilfield Produced Water ◽  
Aluminum Cans

AbstractIn the present study, high surface area boehmite nanopowder was recovered from aluminum cans waste. The sodium aluminate solution was first prepared by dissolving aluminum cans in NaOH solution and then, H2O2 solution was added to precipitate boehmite. The prepared boehmite was characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and N2 adsorption–desorption techniques. The thermal stability of the boehmite sample was investigated using thermogravimetry (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques. The feasibility of using the prepared boehmite powder as a new low-cost adsorbent for the treatment of oilfield produced water was investigated. For comparison, commercial activated carbon was used for the treatment of the produced water under the same conditions. The efficiency of both of boehmite and activated carbon in the treatment of produced water was determined by monitoring the values of a number of pollution indicators [i.e. turbidity, sulfides, sulfates, total organic carbon (TOC), total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH), and chemical oxygen demand (COD)] before and after the treatment. The boehmite powder showed very good efficiency in the treatment of the produced water, which is very close to that of commercial activated carbon under the same conditions. The effect of adsorbent dose, treatment time, and pH of the media on the adsorption efficiency of both of boehmite and activated carbon was examined at room temperature using chemical oxygen demand as a pollution indicator. The maximum capacity for COD reduction was 69.6% for boehmite and 83.5% for activated carbon at 40 g/l adsorbent dosage, pH7, and 24-h contact time. Graphic abstract

Detoxification of photo-catalytically treated 2-chlorophenol: optimization through response surface methodology

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Z. Ahamd ◽  
S. Ehtisham-ul-Haque ◽  
Numrah Nisar ◽  
Khizar Qureshi ◽  
Abdul Ghaffar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Toc Removal

The present study was conducted to degrade and detoxify 2-chlorophenol (2-CP) under UV irradiation in the presence of titanium dioxide (TiO2) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The treatment efficiency was evaluated on the basis of degradation and cytotoxicity reduction as well as biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC) removal. The process variables such as TiO2, pH, UV irradiation time and H2O2 were optimized. Central composite design in combination with response surface methodology was employed to optimize the process variables. A quadratic model was proposed to predict the treatment efficiency and analysis of variance was used to determine the significance of the variables. The correlation between the experimental and predicted degradation was confirmed by the F and P values (&lt;0.05). The coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.99) were high enough to support the validity of developed model. At optimized conditions, up to 92% degradation of 2-CP was achieved with 3.5 × 10−4 s−1 rate constant. Significant reductions in BOD, COD and TOC values were also achieved. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using bioassays and it was observed that UV/TiO2/H2O2 reduced the cytotoxicity considerably. It is concluded that UV/TiO2/H2O2 could possibly be used to detoxify 2-CP in industrial wastewater.

scholarly journals Advanced treatment of heavy oil wastewater for reuse by the combination of microwave enhanced coagulation and iron/carbon micro-electrolysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Ming He ◽  
Ke-Yong Chen ◽  
Tian-Yu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Heavy Oil ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Settling Time ◽  
Continuous Treatment ◽  
Mw Irradiation

A combination process was developed in laboratory scale including microwave (MW) coagulation and iron/carbon micro-electrolysis (Fe/C ME) in series for treatment of heavy oil produced water (HOPW) with high concentrations of oil and chemical oxygen demand and high corrosion rates. The effects of coagulant dosage, MW irradiation time, settling time, and Fe:C mass ratio on the actual treatment results were investigated. The use of MW irradiation brought some benefits including enhancing oil removal, reducing coagulation consumption, shortening settling time and lowering corrosion rate. During the 30-day continuous treatment period, the Fe-based metallic glasses/activated carbon (MGs/AC) ME system exhibited high performance stability, whereas the iron shavings/AC ME system had good performance for only 8 days. The total reduction percentages of oil, suspended solids and corrosion rate were 95.5%, 98.3% and 96.5%, respectively, in the combined MW coagulation-MGs/AC ME system, and the corrosion rate of the treated HOPW was only 0.025 mm/year. The quality parameters of the treated heavy oil produced water (HOPW) could completely meet the requirements of the C1 grade in the SY/T 5329-1994 standard for wastewater reinjection in oilfields. Moreover, the biodegradability of the HOPW was greatly improved after treatment, creating favorable conditions for subsequent biological treatment if not reinjection.

Using Biological Treatment of Henan Oilfield -Produced Water: Pilot Plant Test Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 593-597
Author(s):  
Feng He ◽  
Peng Cheng Fu ◽  
Chun Ming Xu
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Test Study ◽  
Crude Oil Production ◽  
Pilot Plant Test ◽  
Plant Test ◽  
Oilfield Produced Water ◽  
Contact Oxidation

Biological treatment of heavy crude oil production wastewater is well-established method for remediation of these wastes. We have developed effective biological treatments by (1) utilizing microbes with high oil-degrading abilities, (2) allowing greater organic loads while increasing both process stability and the resistance to shock loading, (3) minimizing the production of waste sludge byproducts, and (4) adopting anaerobic and aerobic biological processes to improve the biodegradation of the wastewater. Fixed-film bioreactors with 15h hydraulic retention times have decreased chemical oxygen demand by 74.8%, total suspended solids by 90.9%, oil by 80.6%, and phenols and sulfides by 100%. The results with an in situ pilot system show that the bioreactor's hydrolytic acidulation and contact oxidation tanks are suitable for treating oilfield wastewater, and that water quality after treatment fully meets national drainage standards.

Oxidation of Phenol by Persulfate Activated with UV-Light and Ag+

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 1806-1809
Author(s):  
De Dong Sun ◽  
Huan Zheng ◽  
Wen Ping Xue
Keyword(s):  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Process ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Phenol Degradation ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Mercury Vapor ◽  
Cod Reduction

Phenol degradation with a UV/Ag+/K2S2O8 advanced oxidation process (AOP) was studied in a batch photolytic reactor. The UV irradiation source was a low-pressure mercury vapor lamp that was axially centered and was immersed in the phenol solution. In the UV/ K2S2O8 and Ag+/K2S2O8 system, the degradation of phenol was inefficient with an low concentration K2S2O8 at ambient temperature, and only around 26% and 23%of the phenol was degraded in 3 h , respectively. In the UV/Ag+/K2S2O8 oxidation process, persulfate (S2O82-) was activated by UV irradiation and Ag+ catalysis to produce powerful oxidants, SO4– •.The effects of K2S2O8 concentration, UV irradiation time and Ag+ concentration on the oxidation had been investigated. The experimental results indicated that optimum K2S2O8 concentration was 0.37mmol/L, and Ag+ concentration was 0.185 mmol/L. Phenol and chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction was analyzed to determine the efficiency of the UV/Ag+/K2S2O8 process in mineralization, where we obtained 77% phenol reduction, and 65% COD reduction, respectively . The efficient mineralization of phenol is based on the in situ formation of the strong oxidant sulfate anion radical.

Synthesis of Cu-doped MgO and its enhanced photocatalytic activity for the solar-driven degradation of disperse red F3BS with condition optimization

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Musarrat Shaheen ◽  
Ijaz A. Bhatti ◽  
Ambreen Ashar ◽  
Muhammad Mohsin ◽  
Jan Nisar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Condition Optimization ◽  
Photocatalytic Destruction ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
Optimized Conditions

Abstract In the present study, Cu (2–12%) doped MgO was synthesized and characterized by SEM, XRD, EDX, and FTIR spectroscopy. The Cu concentration significantly affected the band gap and particle size, which ranged from 4.63 to 3.78 eV and from 27.2 to 79 nm, respectively. In addition, the photocatalytic activity (PCA) of Cu-doped MgO was monitored by the photocatalytic destruction of disperse red F3BS coralene dye, and four reaction variables such as dye concentration, catalyst dose, hydrogen peroxide concentration, and irradiation time, respectively, were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). Dye degradation was significantly affected by these process variables, and a degradation rate of up to 93% was achieved under optimized conditions. The wastewater samples were also treated under optimized conditions and water quality variables, i.e., chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) were significantly improved after treatment. Cu-doped MgO exhibited excellent PCA under the solar-light exposure for the degradation of disperse red F3BS dye, which can be employed for the treatment of dye-containing effluents.

scholarly journals Phenol degradation and chemical oxygen demand analysis of coir retting wastewater using anaerobic treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (4(SI)) ◽  
pp. 784-789
Author(s):  
K.A.Y. Arafath ◽  
◽  
S. Gopinath ◽  
D. Nilavunesan ◽  
S. Sivanesan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Phenol Degradation ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Demand Analysis
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