واقع التعلم المنظمي وأثره في تحقيق التمييز التنظيمي - دراسة استطلاعية لعينة من المديرين في المنظمات التعليمية_ جامعة كركوك أنموذجًا

Author(s):  
هشام عليان ◽  
محمد الجميلي

In the contemporary business environment, many new concepts have emerged among academic researchers and practitioners in the field of organizations. Perhaps organizational learning was one of the most important concepts that received increasing attention in the last two decades of the last century and the beginning of the current century, especially after the impressive success achieved by many organizations after adopting the organizational learning approach as a process of interaction, extrapolation, exploration and continuous confrontation with environmental challenges, which enables the organization to create Solutions and choosing alternatives that achieve continuous improvement or radical change of their behavior to ensure their survival and competitive advantage, as these concerns coincided with the radical transformations that the world witnessed towards the age of knowledge and information that focuses on investing intellectual assets and tacit knowledge and how to benefit from them and transform them into work contexts and models of behavior that support and modernize discrimination Organizational identifying on an ongoing basis through the process of organizational learning. In line with these transformations, the competitiveness precedence retreated according to the logic of cost and efficiency economics and the achievement of discrimination in front of the new logic of competition represented by possessing the strategic ability to excel and excel and maximizing the value of the customer and stakeholders, which made the view of organizational success shifting from mere financial return or market share targeted to own The strategic capacity of the knowledge that achieves the organization's sustainable competitive advantage, especially through its management of its human and knowledge resources in a way that is difficult for competitors to emulate. These challenges require business organizations to abandon the traditional frameworks and models and to adopt and activate the process of organizational learning as, according to most researchers, the most important source of competitive advantage. If many productive and service organizations in developed countries realize this fact and have achieved high levels of learning to enhance the chances of success, then where are the Iraqi organizations in this, especially since such new concepts are still limited in the cultural vocabulary of these organizations despite their possession of a lot of knowledge and learning applications and They were in unintended ways and methods as learning strategie The research followed the descriptive and analytical approach by designing a questionnaire form prepared for this purpose, and distributed to the research sample (40) of administrative leaders at the University of Kirkuk, and using the statistical program (Spss 19) in data analysis. The research reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which were: that there is a strong and moral correlation between the organizational learning variables and the organizational discrimination variable, and these results coincide with the hypotheses, and the research presented a set of proposals, including the necessity of defining the university administration's goals of organized learning accurately and its future directions in a way that contributes to achieving organizational distinction. to her..

Author(s):  
Ann Ogbo ◽  
Jesse Ezeobi ◽  
Charles Ugbam ◽  
Obinna Okeke ◽  
Kalu Ebere Ume

Organizational learning refers to the sum total of individual and collective learning through training programs, experience, experimentation and work interactions within the organization. Thus, sustainable competitive advantage is the ability to offer superior customer value on an enduring or consistent basis, a situation in which competitors are unable to easily imitate the firm's capacity for value creation. It is worrisome that most literary works have not clearly linked organizational learning with sustainable competitive advantages, as is the case with intellectual capacity (knowledge-based resources) using the resource-based view of the firm. A survey approach was the research design used with particular reference to the South East Zone of Nigeria. Findings revealed that organizational innovation leads to sustained competitive advantage. The Z-statistic value with the corresponding probability value confirms that the organization to a large extent draws its competitive strength jointly from the following factors: creation of new products, changes in way of production, changes in architecture of production, improved ways of sourcing supplies, opening new market opportunities, providing goods and services that others are not yet offering or are not able to copy, being able to offer products of comparable quality at a lower price, maintaining a configuration of resources and capabilities that cannot easily be imitated by competitors, being able to attract customers from competitors due to a positive corporate image and encouraging employees to improve their personal skills. The results total Z-scores in absolute term shows that the listed factors pose challenges to the organization in the process of achieving sustainable competitive advantage through innovation.  For further justification, we proceed to their joint significant analysis adopting the one sample Z-test. The proxies employed in this study for the measurement of sustainability agreed with resource-based view strategies on sustainability of competitive advantage in an unstable business environment.


2011 ◽  
pp. 2646-2659
Author(s):  
Gabriel Cepeda-Carrion

Knowledge management has been proposed as a fundamental strategic process and the only sustainable competitive advantage for firms (Grant, 1996; Davenport, 1998). A key to understanding the success and failure of knowledge management efforts within organizations is the ability to identify the relevant knowledge to manage and to extract value out of this knowledge. In the last decade past research has focused heavily on defining what knowledge is and on using different typologies (e.g., tacit vs. explicit knowledge, individual vs. collective) to characterize the different types of knowledge available to firms (e.g., Polanyi, 1967; Spender, 1996). In addition, researchers have described the processes through which knowledge is created, developed, retained, and transferred in firms (e.g., Argote, 1999; Nonaka & Takeuchi, 1995), and the role played by leadership (Bryant, 2003; Vera & Crossan, 2004) and decision-making styles (Kalling, 2003) in influencing these processes. Unfortunately, despite the growing interest in knowledge management, little specific has been said about the mechanisms firms use to identify key knowledge areas and to gain competitive advantage out of knowledge management investments. The recognition of the important knowledge resources for a firm is critical, because the effectiveness of knowledge and learning can only be assessed on the basis of its utility in guiding behavior relative to the firm’s relevant domain (Crossan, Lane, & White, 1999; Cepeda, Galán, & Leal, 2004; Zack, 1999). Knowledge for the sake of knowledge is not useful to firms.


2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-36
Author(s):  
L. Le Roux ◽  
H. Oosthuizen

In a business environment of continuous change and in light of a defined need to fast track skills improvement and development in South Africa and Africa, training strategies and practices are under increasing pressure to develop a more productive and skilled workforce. Demands on training and the practices it employs increasingly focus on the alignment with strategic imperatives of organisations and the country.This research presented an instructional design (ID) model positioned in intersection between the positioning-based and resource-based theories and used a multi-disciplinary approach to extend the literature on ID models with the aim to offer measurable improvements in job-specific knowledge and productive behaviour as proxies for sustainable competitive advantage. The research confirmed the contribution of the ID model in this regard and described and substantiated the pivotal link between training and ID models and the application thereof in practice to aid organisations and, by extension, countries, in the achievement and sustainability of competitive advantage. This, the first of two articles, presents not only the theoretical and practical context of the research, but also the development of a revised and advanced ID model. In the second article the ID model will be subjected to empirical investigation and evaluated through the application thereof in a case organisation and a grounded conclusion provided.This is the first in a series of two articles.


Author(s):  
Gabriel Cepeda-Carrion

Knowledge management has been proposed as a fundamental strategic process and the only sustainable competitive advantage for firms (Grant, 1996; Davenport, 1998). A key to understanding the success and failure of knowledge management efforts within organizations is the ability to identify the relevant knowledge to manage and to extract value out of this knowledge. In the last decade past research has focused heavily on defining what knowledge is and on using different typologies (e.g., tacit vs. explicit knowledge, individual vs. collective) to characterize the different types of knowledge available to firms (e.g., Polanyi, 1967; Spender, 1996). In addition, researchers have described the processes through which knowledge is created, developed, retained, and transferred in firms (e.g., Argote, 1999; Nonaka & Takeuchi, 1995), and the role played by leadership (Bryant, 2003; Vera & Crossan, 2004) and decision-making styles (Kalling, 2003) in influencing these processes. Unfortunately, despite the growing interest in knowledge management, little specific has been said about the mechanisms firms use to identify key knowledge areas and to gain competitive advantage out of knowledge management investments. The recognition of the important knowledge resources for a firm is critical, because the effectiveness of knowledge and learning can only be assessed on the basis of its utility in guiding behavior relative to the firm’s relevant domain (Crossan, Lane, & White, 1999; Cepeda, Galán, & Leal, 2004; Zack, 1999). Knowledge for the sake of knowledge is not useful to firms.


Author(s):  
Ivan Arana-Solares ◽  
Jose Machuca ◽  
Rafaela Alfalla-Luque

In the rapidly changing global business environment, it can be seen that supply chain designs based solely on efficiency and speed do not necessarily lead to a sustainable competitive advantage. According to Lee (2004), this can only be done if supply chains are designed to incorporate the Triple A: Agility, Adaptability and Alignment. Although Lee provided some examples, to date his claim has not been empirically tested, which is essential. A number of studies have looked at the three component parts of the Triple A separately, but as yet no studies have focused on all three Triple A components concurrently, or on the impact they have on business performance. The main aim of this chapter is to determine the dimensions and factors that characterize these variables, in order to empirically test the accuracy of Lee’s claim.


2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Shou Chen ◽  
Shiyuan Wu ◽  
Chao Mao ◽  
Boya Li

Imitating the positioning rules in the bird flocking system, the strategic adjustment capacity is decomposed into three aspects, which are the organizational learning capacity from the top firms, the extent to which firms maintain or rely on the best operational capacity vector in history, and the ability to overcome the disadvantage while maintaining the advantage of the operational capacity vector from the previous years, respectively. Financial vectors are constructed to represent the results of corporate strategic adjustment and listed firms in the China A stock are chosen as the samples. As empirical analysis reveals, there is a positive correlation between the organizational learning capacity from the top firms and the firm performance and a U-shaped relation between the learning capability from the previous best operational capacity vector and the firm performance. However, no significant correlation between the inertia control ability of the current operational capacity vector of the firms and their performance improvement can be observed. This study verifies that the issue of corporate competitiveness and performance can be investigated by utilizing the principles of competition in nature. Moreover, a firm can obtain a sustainable competitive advantage by improving its ability to learn from top firms in the industry.


2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-283
Author(s):  
Dinesh Raj Pant ◽  
Opas Piansoongnern

The debate in the field of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in achieving Sustainable Competitive Advantage (SCA) was ongoing from the beginning of the twenty first century. The role of stakeholders and CSR in achieving sustainable business has increased in recent years. The purpose of this qualitative study was to achieve deeper understanding about the CSR initiative that may contribute to achieve SCA for the company. A single case study with three unit of analysis was used to achieve a deeper understanding on how CSR in planned, aligned and implemented in the noodle companies in Nepal and how those initiative may contribute to the company in the form of SCA and to community in the form of societal development.The stakeholder theory was used as theoretical framework with semi structured interview as data collection method. For the data collection purpose, two groups of stakeholders were interviewed. The first group was internal stakeholders including managerial level employees and second group consisted of external stakeholders including suppliers, customers, local community members and environmental activist. The findings of the study clearly indicated that, the strategic approach to CSR contributes to company in the form of SCA and helps in fulfilling the expectations of the local communities. The findings indicated that, stakeholder management is a key tool in today’s business environment and strategic CSR initiatives contributes in sustainable business and mutual cooperation between company and stakeholders.Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 4, Issue-4: 275-283


2020 ◽  
pp. 014920632096773
Author(s):  
Henrich R. Greve

The resource-based view and learning theory have developed independently but still have important areas of theoretical overlap, especially in central assumptions, such as how organizational differences, path dependence, and complex social technologies shape strategy. In addition, they have divergent and complementary theory, with major differences stemming from organizational learning focusing on behaviors rather than resources and organizing its research based on the sources of learning and the triggers of learning. Two research streams in organizational learning with particular implications for the resource-based view are the work on problemistic search and the work on interorganizational imitation. Both are expected to develop quickly as a result of the necessary interaction between research based on organizational theory and strategic management. They are promising areas of investigation for the resource-based view of the firm that can help distinguish the sources of sustainable competitive advantage and the importance of enduring competitive advantage.


Author(s):  
Gabriel Cepeda-Carrion

Knowledge management has been proposed as a fundamental strategic process and the only sustainable competitive advantage for firms (Grant, 1996; Davenport, 1998). A key to understanding the success and failure of knowledge management efforts within organizations is the ability to identify the relevant knowledge to manage and to extract value out of this knowledge. In the last decade past research has focused heavily on defining what knowledge is and on using different typologies (e.g., tacit vs. explicit knowledge, individual vs. collective) to characterize the different types of knowledge available to firms (e.g., Polanyi, 1967; Spender, 1996). In addition, researchers have described the processes through which knowledge is created, developed, retained, and transferred in firms (e.g., Argote, 1999; Nonaka & Takeuchi, 1995), and the role played by leadership (Bryant, 2003; Vera & Crossan, 2004) and decision-making styles (Kalling, 2003) in influencing these processes. Unfortunately, despite the growing interest in knowledge management, little specific has been said about the mechanisms firms use to identify key knowledge areas and to gain competitive advantage out of knowledge management investments. The recognition of the important knowledge resources for a firm is critical, because the effectiveness of knowledge and learning can only be assessed on the basis of its utility in guiding behavior relative to the firm’s relevant domain (Crossan, Lane, & White, 1999; Cepeda, Galán, & Leal, 2004; Zack, 1999). Knowledge for the sake of knowledge is not useful to firms.


Author(s):  
Minisha Gupta

Innovation has become an integral part of every business organization because it provides sustainable competitive advantage to the company. In today's highly dynamic business environment every organization wants to succeed by leveraging their employees' talent. In order to leverage the employees' talent, it is important to follow relevant HRM policies or to continuously introduce innovative HR practices to meet the expectations of the employees. Reviewing the literature and previous research work, this study has tried to find out the various innovative HR practices initiated by Indian organizations till now. The findings will help in guiding how much more innovative practices are still to be initiated in order to attain employee confidence and loyalty for the company. The study is beneficial for business leaders, students, practitioners, and researchers.


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