Hardiness in regulation of functional positions of pilots

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Zelenova ◽  
A. A. Lekalov ◽  
V. S. Lim ◽  
E. V Kostenko
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Psychological Resources ◽  
Professional Skill ◽  
Working Capacity ◽  
Internal Resources ◽  
Psychological Techniques

An empirical study is aimed at identifying psychological resources that contribute to negative mental states regulation and preserve the working capacity and health of professionals performing work in high level of uncertainty conditions and the actions under extreme environmental factors. The level of hardiness and the level of professional skill were considered as predictors of stress resistance of specialists in difficult conditions of activity. Participants in the study were pilots. Violations of physical health of respondents were determined on the basis of medical records based on the results of medical-flight check up. Standardized psychological techniques were used to diagnose signs of negative mental states and to identify the fullness of the pilots’ everyday life with stressful events. The results of the study made it possible to identify statistically significant relationships between indicators of psychological well-being and health of pilots, on the one hand, and indicators of vitality, professional skill, constructive strategies for overcoming behavior, on the other. It was found that the lower the level of stress, burnout and fatigue, the higher the vitality indicators. The characteristics of professionalism (“experience”, “flying hours” and “classiness”) are closely related to the level of fatigue, working capacity, burnout and the structure of the copying profile. The higher the grade score, the higher the resilience components of Risk Acceptance and Control. The physical health index is closely related to fatigue indices, burnout (reduced motivation to work), impulsivity and the presence of family and children at pilots. The results of statistical processing showed that professional skill and vitality can be considered as independent groups of internal resources for regulating the internal wellbeing of pilots, operating in conjunction with coping strategies.

Psychological and Physical Health Outcomes in Adults With Craniosynostosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 105566562110599
Author(s):  
Nicola Marie Stock ◽  
Bruna Costa ◽  
Karen Wilkinson-Bell ◽  
Laura Culshaw ◽  
Anna Kearney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Resources ◽  
Psychological Outcome ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Syndromic Craniosynostosis ◽  
Physical Health Outcomes ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
Qualitative Responses

Objectives Within current research, little is known about the long-term outcomes of craniosynostosis. A priority-setting exercise by UK charity Headlines Craniofacial Support identified 2 key questions in this area: (1) What are the long-term physical and psychological effects for individuals with syndromic and non-syndromic craniosynostosis? and (2) Are individuals with craniosynostosis likely to suffer from mental health difficulties, or are they more resilient? The aim of the current study was to conduct an initial investigation of these priority questions. Methods A comprehensive UK-wide survey consisting of 9 standardized psychological outcome measures and open-ended questions was distributed online. Thirty-six eligible adults (69.4% female) with a mean age of 30.8 years responded to the survey. Participants reported having single suture craniosynostosis (27.8%) or syndromic craniosynostosis (52.8%), with 19.4% being unsure of their diagnosis. Sample means were compared to published norms using independent samples t tests. Qualitative responses were analysed using inductive content analysis. Results Compared to the general population, participants reported significantly less favorable scores related to appearance concerns, attachment in adult relationships, anxiety, optimism, and resilience. Self-worth, depression, and social anxiety scores were similar to norms. Qualitative responses provided additional insight into participants’ satisfaction with appearance, physical health, medical treatment, employment, relationships, and recurrence risks. Few participants had accessed psychological support. Discussion This preliminary study illustrates the potential long-term implications for individuals with craniosynostosis. Improved treatment protocols are needed to address physical health concerns in adulthood, while dedicated psychological resources are necessary to promote emotional well-being, social confidence, and resilience.

scholarly journals Age-Related Features of the Relationship Between Sociometric Status and Mental States of Children

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Svetlana Gurevna Krasnova
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Sociometric Status ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Status Characteristics ◽  
The Relationship

The article is devoted to identifying the relationship between mental states and the sociometric status of children in a group at preschool educational institutions. In is noted that determining the relationship between mental states and status characteristics is important in understanding the mechanisms of children's development in ontogenesis and is associated with the need to ensure emotional well-being and successful socialization of a child. The psychodiagnostic methods, adequate research goals, methods of statistical processing of experimental data (criterion r – Pearson correlation coefficient, multifunctional difference criterion φ – Fisher’s angular transformation) were applied during investigational study. The results of correlation analysis are presented in the article. The analysis of correlations allowed to identify pervasive and specific, peculiar only to a certain age stage of development, negative and positive mental states of children, depending on their status characteristics. The data obtained in the course of the study significantly enrich the existing ideas about the characteristics of preschoolers with different sociometric status. It is concluded that the presence of statistically significant differences in the frequency of manifestations of mental states allowed to determine the specifics of socio-psychological features of the states of children of different status groups. The need to take into account these ideas is associated with the fact that mental formations formed at this age are stable and persist for many years, determining the further development of the child. Negative states, creating a vicious circle, can have a negative impact on the formation of the child's relationship system in a group of peers.

scholarly journals Personal resilience and its influence on COVID-19 stress, anxiety and fear among graduate students in the Philippines

2021 ◽  
pp. 431-443
Author(s):  
Ryan Michael Oducado ◽  
Geneveve Parreño-Lachica ◽  
Judith Rabacal
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mental States ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Anxiety And Fear

The COVID-19 pandemic is putting new and unforeseen pressures and has resulted in substantial disruption in the lives of the people across the globe. Although there is a budding body of literature on the impact of COVID-19 on mental health and psychological well-being, little research has been published among Filipino Graduate students in the context of a pandemic. This descriptive-correlational, cross-sectional research examined the relationship of resilience on COVID-19 perceived stress, anxiety, and fear. Two-hundred and three Graduate students participated in the online survey conducted in the last week of August 2020.  Four self-reported questionnaires were used to gather the data. Descriptive statistics and correlational analysis were performed. Results indicated that the composite scores of the COVID-19 stress, anxiety, and fear were 2.81 (SD=.605), 3.94 (SD=.686), and 3.03 (SD=1.004) respectively. The composite score on the resilience scale was 3.33 (SD=.496). COVID-19 stress and fear had significant inverse correlation with resilience. Resilience has a protective influence on COVID-19 fear and is pivotal to cope with COVID-19 stress. Educational institutions may need to cultivate and harness the resilient trait of Graduate students in the midst of pandemic and other stressful events to help combat negative mental states and undesirable psychological consequences.

scholarly journals PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC METHODS USED FOR WORK WITH FAMILIES RAISING CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Yuri Kovno ◽  
◽  
Khrystyna Saiko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Educational Needs ◽  
Psychological Resources ◽  
Special Educational Needs ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Supportive Psychotherapy ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Raising Children ◽  
Life Problems

Modern practical psychotherapy structurally includes several areas and profiles, among which one of the first places is occupied by family psychotherapy, in particular, systemic family psychotherapy. Such psychotherapy for families raising children with special educational needs is of particular importance. Psychological support for mentioned families should be aimed at creating the social and psychological conditions restoring emotional well-being of parents having children with special educational needs and favourable for these children’s development. Family psychotherapy can take various forms and directions aimed at families raising children with special educational needs. One of the best formats of corrective and supportive psychotherapy for these families is psychotherapeutic assistance, psychotherapy aimed at actuation of family members’ personal and psychological resources, especially children with psychological difficulties. Revealed significant shortcomings and mistakes become a self-disclosure tool necessary for positive personal changes and personality manifestations in the form of internal mental states and external behavioural reactions. Repeated psychotherapeutic influences on the behavioural models used by parents of children with special educational needs help them to better understand their children, their behaviour, reduce anxiety, improve self-confidence and confidence in their abilities to overcome life problems. A psychotherapist’s necessary quality is his/her ability to maintain a positive attitude towards a client or, to say more correctly, faith in the positive existential foundation, which should be freed from life blockages and false personality defences. Only in this case, the psychotherapist can simultaneously maintain a open, natural communication and at the same time not react with negative emotions to the client’s negative manifestations. We have found that the rejection of their children by parents of autistic children is associated with negativism, irritability, increased anxiety and depression, rigidity. Increased anxiety among parents with autistic children increases their irritation, resentment, and guilt.

scholarly journals 507 - Stressful past events and emotional intelligence as predictors of Successful aging

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. 59-60
Author(s):  
Cristina Buedo-Guirado ◽  
Cristina G. Dumitrache ◽  
Laura Rubio
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Successful Aging ◽  
Control Variable ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Negative Experience ◽  
Internal Resources ◽  
Wellbeing Index ◽  
Personal Wellbeing

AbstractObjectivesIt has been widely demonstrated that recent stressful events could impact wellbeing, nevertheless it is not clear whether stressful situations experienced in the pastand the internal resources used to deal with them can also influence older adult’s well- being. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of stressful past events andemotional intelligence on negative affect, and to determine whether negative affect is related to older people’s wellbeing.MethodThe Aging in Spain Longitudinal Study, Pilot Survey (ELES-PS) database wasused. The sample comprised 1747 participants (55.9% women), with ages between 50 to98 years-old (M = 66.2, SD = 10.6). Stressful past events were evaluated with a list of tenstressful events developed by the project team. Three items of the Trait-Meta-Mood scalewere used to assess emotional intelligence. In order to evaluate negative emotions, the PANAS scale of negative experience was used. Finally, life satisfaction was assessed using the Personal Wellbeing Index.ResultsThe results of the SEM model indicated that emotional intelligence predicted negative affect, and this in turn was related to participants wellbeing. However past stressful events showed no effect on either the emotional intelligence or on participants’ negative affect. Age was used as a control variable and influenced negative affect but didnot impact stressful past events.DiscussionInternal resources such as emotional intelligence appears to be more important than stressful past events in predicting successful aging.

scholarly journals Biological mechanisms underlying the role of physical fitness in health and resilience

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 20140040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marni N. Silverman ◽  
Patricia A. Deuster
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Neural Plasticity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Regular Exercise ◽  
Biological Mechanisms ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Physical fitness, achieved through regular exercise and/or spontaneous physical activity, confers resilience by inducing positive psychological and physiological benefits, blunting stress reactivity, protecting against potentially adverse behavioural and metabolic consequences of stressful events and preventing many chronic diseases. In this review, we discuss the biological mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of physical fitness on mental and physical health. Physical fitness appears to buffer against stress-related disease owing to its blunting/optimizing effects on hormonal stress responsive systems, such as the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system. This blunting appears to contribute to reduced emotional, physiological and metabolic reactivity as well as increased positive mood and well-being. Another mechanism whereby regular exercise and/or physical fitness may confer resilience is through minimizing excessive inflammation. Chronic psychological stress, physical inactivity and abdominal adiposity have been associated with persistent, systemic, low-grade inflammation and exert adverse effects on mental and physical health. The anti-inflammatory effects of regular exercise/activity can promote behavioural and metabolic resilience, and protect against various chronic diseases associated with systemic inflammation. Moreover, exercise may benefit the brain by enhancing growth factor expression and neural plasticity, thereby contributing to improved mood and cognition. In summary, the mechanisms whereby physical fitness promotes increased resilience and well-being and positive psychological and physical health are diverse and complex.

Differences in the Way to Conceive Happiness Relate to Different Reactions to Negative Events

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Fuochi ◽  
Chiara A. Veneziani ◽  
Alberto Voci
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Negative Events ◽  
Orientations To Happiness ◽  
Specific Reactions ◽  
The Way

Abstract. This paper aimed to assess whether differences in the way to conceive happiness, measured by the Orientations to Happiness measure, were associated with specific reactions to negative events. We hypothesized that among orientations to pleasure (portraying hedonism), to meaning (representing a eudaimonic approach to life), and to engagement (derived from the experience of flow), orientation to meaning would have displayed a stronger protective role against recent negative and potentially stressful events. After providing a validation of the Italian version of the Orientations to Happiness measure (Study 1), we performed regression analyses of the three orientations on positive and negative emotions linked to a self-relevant negative event (Study 2), and moderation analyses assessing the interactive effects of orientations to happiness and stressful events on well-being indicators (Study 3). Our findings supported the hypotheses. In Study 2, meaning was associated with positive emotions characterized by a lower activation (contentment and interest) compared to the positive emotions associated with pleasure (amusement, eagerness, and happiness). In Study 3, only meaning buffered the effect of recent potentially stressful events on satisfaction with life and positive affect. Results suggest that orientation to meaning might help individuals to better react to negative events.

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