Psychometric Properties of the Diener Satisfaction With Life Scale With Five Response Options Applied to the Colombian Population

Introduction: The Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), developed by Diener, Emmons, Larsen, and Griffin in 1985, comprises five items with seven response options in terms of agreement–disagreement. Recently, there has been a suggestion to reduce the response options of the SWLS to optimize its applicability in different cultural contexts.Objective: The study aims to assess the psychometric properties of the SWLS with five response options in the Colombian population. Specifically, we studied the dimensionality, invariance by gender and age (among a group of adolescents and emerging adults under 25 years and a group of adults of intermediate age and established adulthood under 59 years), convergent validity (with optimism), and divergent (with pessimism) and concurrent validity with other measures of well-being (flourishing, positive, and negative affects).Methodology: This project was a cross-sectional study using a non-probabilistic sample of the general population. Participants were included if they identified themselves as Colombian and were at least 18 years of age. The final sample comprised 1,255 participants. The average age was 25.62 years (SD = 8.60) ranging from 18 to 67 years of age, and 35.8% of the participants were men. In addition to SWLS, we used the Flourishing Scale (FS), Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R), and Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE).Results: Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.842), composite reliability (0.851), and average variance extracted (0.537) showed very good values. CFA was conducted to test the one-dimensional structure of FS, showing excellent goodness of fit [χ(5)2 = 15.774, p < 0.001, CFI = 0.992, TLI = 0.985, RMSEA = 0.042, 90% RMSEA CI (0.020, 0.066), and SRMR = 0.016]. The correlations calculated among life satisfaction (SWLS) with flourishing (FS), positive and negative affects (SPANE), optimism, and pessimism (LOT-R) were statistically significant and as expected. Configural, metric, and scalar invariance across gender and age were confirmed. Percentiles were provided for the total score and for age.Conclusions: The SWLS with five response options has adequate psychometric properties in the Colombian population, and the use of this version (with 5 response options) is recommended due to its greater applicability.

High School Experiences That Support Post-School Success: What Can We Learn?

Students with disabilities continue to lag behind their peers without disabilities in the area of post-school success. This study qualitatively analyzed individual responses from 6 years of post-school outcomes survey data in one state to identify positive experiences said to help students reach their post-school goals. Respondents reported nine themes as being the most helpful in meeting their goals after high school, including having supportive staff members, taking career development coursework, and developing success attributes such as self-advocacy. A negative experience theme also emerged in the analysis. Implications for educators are discussed related to emphasizing instruction in self-determination and career development. Implications for states are discussed related to the post-school outcomes data collection process.

The Impact Of Minority Status On Wrongful Convictions: A Case Study Analysis Of Donald Marshall JR. And Leighton Hay

This major research paper outlines the relationship between minorities in Canada and their experience with wrongful convictions, highlighting the cases of Mi'Kmaq male Donald Marshall Junior and Black male Leighton Hay. It highlights systemic racism embedded in the criminal justice system, the communities where both men resided in. It highlights the differences in experiences by both Indigenous and Black people and similarities in their negative experience with the justice system through their wrongful conviction, due to their status as minorities.

The Impact Of Minority Status On Wrongful Convictions: A Case Study Analysis Of Donald Marshall JR. And Leighton Hay

This major research paper outlines the relationship between minorities in Canada and their experience with wrongful convictions, highlighting the cases of Mi'Kmaq male Donald Marshall Junior and Black male Leighton Hay. It highlights systemic racism embedded in the criminal justice system, the communities where both men resided in. It highlights the differences in experiences by both Indigenous and Black people and similarities in their negative experience with the justice system through their wrongful conviction, due to their status as minorities.

Screziature del Bello

Rather than discussing beauty or ugliness as metaphysical categories I do prefer here to consider individual artistic worlds, and to defend the values in which I recognise myself as reader and enjoyer, in the various ways in which this can be articulated. Worlds in which aesthetic positivity and negativity are in tension, each resolving this dialectic in its own way. That’s why my paper doesn’t analyse Beauty or Ugliness tout-court. I do rather consider their dialectical intertwining and reflecting in specific works of art: The Idiot by Dostoevskij, the librettos to Wagner’s Lohengrin and Verdi’s Rigoletto, as well as Fatelessness by Imre Kertész. I intend to show how a negative experience can be transfigured in the structure and language of these writers and musicians.

Investigating Turf Burn Videos on TikTok: Observational Study (Preprint)

BACKGROUND Due to the increased use of artificial turf, turf burn has become a common sports injury caused by exposed skin sliding on artificial turf. Health complications such as MRSA outbreaks, sepsis, and pneumonia have been linked to untreated turf burns, and many athletes have been turning to social media for advice and companionship regarding their sports injuries. OBJECTIVE The goal of the study is to categorize and quantitatively assess the percentage of turf burn posts on TikTok based on the creator, content, and the athlete’s experience. With this data, we not only investigate if there is room for health care professionals to assist in the distribution of evidence-based health education to athletes to counteract misinformation, but also investigate if there is a potential audience of athletes on TikTok who have the potential to develop problematic responses to their injuries. METHODS Using the Discover page on TikTok, we searched for the word “turf burn” on October 17, 2021. 100 videos were used. Videos were categorized and analyzed by the creator, content, and experience of the athlete. Likes and comments were recorded. RESULTS Most of the videos (98/100, 98.0%) were created by athletes while only a small fraction of videos (2/100, 2.0%) were created by health-care professionals. Content wise, most of the videos (67/100, 67.0%) displayed the turf burn. A small amount of videos (15/100, 15.0%) showed the incident when the turf burn was acquired while nearly a quarter of the videos (23/100, 23.0%) demonstrated treatment/prevention of turf burns. Out of 23 treatment/prevention videos, a minority of the videos (4/23, 17.4%) showed accurate treatment of turf burns while most of the videos (19/23, 82.6%) showed inaccurate treatment. The smallest amount of videos (2/100, 2.0%) were about education of turf burns. Most of the athlete videos (56/98, 57.1%) depicted negative experiences the patient had with turf burn. Some of the videos (37/98, 37.8%) depicted neutral experiences while the smallest amount (5/98, 5.1%) depicted positive experiences. CONCLUSIONS Our observational study suggests that there is a potential audience of athletes on TikTok who could develop problematic responses to their sports injuries such as turf burn, as most of the people who post videos are athletes and many of the posts demonstrate a negative experience associated with the turf burn. TikTok is a growing social media platform that should be studied to see if it can be used to create a social support group for injured athletes to prevent the progression of their negative emotional responses into problematic responses. Physicians should also have a role in establishing their social media presence on TikTok and offer evidence-based advice to athletes while disproving misinformation that is present on TikTok.

Can Conspiracy Beliefs Be Beneficial? Longitudinal Linkages Between Conspiracy Beliefs, Anxiety, Uncertainty Aversion, and Existential Threat

Research suggests that conspiracy beliefs are adopted because they promise to reduce anxiety, uncertainty, and threat. However, little research has investigated whether conspiracy beliefs actually fulfill these promises. We conducted two longitudinal studies ( NStudy 1 = 405, NStudy 2 = 1,012) to examine how conspiracy beliefs result from, and in turn influence, anxiety, uncertainty aversion, and existential threat. Random intercept cross-lagged panel analyses indicate that people who were, on average, more anxious, uncertainty averse, and existentially threatened held stronger conspiracy beliefs. Increases in conspiracy beliefs were either unrelated to changes in anxiety, uncertainty aversion, and existential threat (Study 2), or even predicted increases in these variables (Study 1). In both studies, increases in conspiracy beliefs predicted subsequent increases in conspiracy beliefs, suggesting a self-reinforcing circle. We conclude that conspiracy beliefs likely do not have beneficial consequences, but may even reinforce the negative experience of anxiety, uncertainty aversion, and existential threat.

Subjektívne vnímané riziká užívania psychedelík

Introduction. With growing interest in hallucinogens, majority of psychedelic research focus mostly on the therapeutic potential and benefits. The objective of this paper is to explore how users of psychedelics verbalize their experience and perceived risks of using such substances. Methods. The authors used a questionnaire with open-ended and multiple-choice items. The sample included persons with at least one phenomenological experience with psychedelics (N = 422, age M=27.78; SD=7.84; SE=0.38; 35.1% women). Qualitative data were analyzed using concepts of The Grounded Theory using the Atlas.ti suite. Results. The target group uses terms taken from the English language (“bad trip”, “set and setting”, “sitter”, or the grammatically localized version of the word „psychedelic“), with shared and well-understood semantic meaning within the community. The central domain “inappropriate set and setting” and its inadequate preparation is linked to the negative experience of “bad trip” which can lead to difficult “integration of experience” or even “psychotic disorders”. Users of psychedelics report various harm reduction strategies which are consistent with relevant literature. Conclusion. This study illustrates that Slovak users of psychedelics seem to understand and use the established terminology of international discourse related to these substances. At the same time, the authors suggest that users seem to use various relevant strategies to lower risks associated with the use of psychedelics.

Users’ experiences of enhancing underwater images: an empirical study

Within the worldwide diving community, underwater photography is becoming increasingly popular. However, the marine environment presents certain challenges for image capture, with resulting imagery often suffering from colour distortions, low contrast and blurring. As a result, image enhancement software is used not only to enhance the imagery aesthetically, but also to address these degradations. Although feature-rich image enhancement software products are available, little is known about the user experience of underwater photographers when interacting with such tools. To address this gap, we conducted an online questionnaire to better understand what software tools are being used, and face-to-face interviews to investigate the characteristics of the image enhancement user experience for underwater photographers. We analysed the interview transcripts using the pragmatic and hedonic categories from the frameworks of Hassenzahl (Funology, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp 31–42, 2003; Funology 2, Springer, pp 301–313, 2018) for positive and negative user experience. Our results reveal a moderately negative experience overall for both pragmatic and hedonic categories. We draw some insights from the findings and make recommendations for improving the user experience for underwater photographers using image enhancement tools.

The right to property and the right of trust property (on the way to recodification of the civil legislation of Ukraine)

The article examines the socio-economic background of the introduction of trust and other trust-like structures in the legislation of Ukraine. As a result of considering the history of the origin of the institution of trust and a systematic analysis of the provisions of domestic civil legislation, reasoned conclusions were formulated on the issues studied. The given short historical retrospective of attempts to introduce trust property and trust-like constructions into the legislation of Ukraine allows to state that they almost always led to "unworthy", negative social, financial and economic results. The question of the purpose of ignoring one's own negative experience of implementing trust-like structures in the domestic civil legislation is reasonable. Isn't it better, remembering the functions of the science of civil law, to draw the right conclusions from this experience and rely on them in their further law-making activities?! The article draws attention to the experience of using the construction of trust and trust property in the Anglo-American legal system (which, unlike ours, is calculated for centuries), and establishes that this legal institution in addition to legitimate purposes (which are charity, preservation of property from waste, formation of pension funds, etc.), is extremely popular as a means of achieving illegal and negative social results (for example, such as tax evasion, abuse of tax rates, concealment of property and income, legalization of property obtained as a result of committing crime, concealment of illegal funding of political parties and their leaders, etc.). It is obvious that the blind borrowing of someone else for the domestic legal system and the archaic institution of trust property will lead to the penetration into our legal reality of all its inherent shortcomings. Law is a regulator of social relations (and economic in particular). In this case, public relations are primary, and law - secondary. Only those civil law institutions properly perform the regulatory function that determines their existence, which are in demand throughout the history of economic relations and necessary for society as a prerequisite for its normal existence and development. If social relations have not developed, then is there a need to create "artificial" legal institutions or to borrow legal structures generated in the bosom of other legal systems to regulate relations that have developed in the age of feudalism?! These circumstances must be taken into account in any attempts to improve the acts of civil law, and in recodification, including. The question of the sufficiency (or insufficiency) of the socio-economic base for the introduction of the institution of trust in Ukraine should be categorized as rhetorical. Trust construction is just a legal tool. And the result of its application will depend on the quality of regulatory "material" proposed by the legislator (and he, in turn, representatives of the doctrine of civil law), on establishing the place of this legal institution in the civil law system, and creating legal barriers that minimize it use to achieve a socially negative effect.