scholarly journals An Interview with Professor Jonathan King. Part I: on Social Responsibility and Activism in Academia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manraj Gill ◽  
Dylan McCormick
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Virus Assembly ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
Defense Spending ◽  
Woodrow Wilson ◽  
Federal Support ◽  
Biophysical Society ◽  
Martin Luther King

For nearly four decades, Prof. King has served as a faculty member in the Department of Biology at MIT. His work on protein folding and, importantly, misfolding as they relate to human disease and virus assembly has garnered numerous awards and honors: He was a Woodrow Wilson National Fellow, Jane Coffin Childs Fund Fellow, AAAS Fellow, Guggenheim Fellow, and recipient of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Merit Award. Additionally, Prof. King has taken critical roles at the intersection of science and public policy, including a tenure as President of the Biophysical Society in 1999. In 2003, he received the MIT Martin Luther King Leadership Award, which recognizes individuals who “embody the spirit of Dr. King’s work” [1] in their contributions to the MIT community. Prof. King’s recent efforts have focused on championing federal support for biomedical research as well as criticizing unrestrained defense spending. In part I of this interview, we examine the connections between science, activism, and policy through the lens of Prof. King’s diverse experiences as an academic and activist.

Biomedical research support today

1972 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Q. Marston
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Research ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
Research Support ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Federal Support ◽  
Directed Research ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The Director of the National Institutes of Health discusses contemporary phenomena related to Federal support of biomedical research, particularly the separate roles of individually motivated and “targeted” or directed research. He appraises the “normal oscillations” affecting the appropriation and allocation of Federal support and concludes by emphasizing the significance of the relationship of these factors to each other.

scholarly journals Basic Science and The NIH

1994 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold Varmus
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
New Orleans ◽  
Annual Meeting ◽  
Basic Science ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
Keynote Speech ◽  
American Society

The following is an edited version of the Keynote Speech delivered at the Annual Meeting of the American Society for Cell Biology by Harold Varmus, Director of the National Institutes of Health. The address, entitled Basic Science and the NIH, was given at the opening of the meeting in New Orleans on December 11, 1993. It was Varmus' first public policy talk as NIH Director.

Epistemology and the Ethics of Animal Experimentation

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-96
Author(s):  
Mylan Engel Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Animal Experimentation ◽  
Proper Treatment ◽  
Continued Use

In this chapter, Mylan Engel Jr. argues that animal experimentation is neither epistemically nor morally justified and should be abolished. Engel argues that the only serious attempt at justifying animal experimentation is the benefits argument, according to which animal experiments are justified because the benefits that humans receive from the experiments outweigh the costs imposed on the animal subjects. According to Engel, the benefits we allegedly receive from animal-based biomedical research are primarily epistemic, in that experimenting on animal models is supposed to provide us with knowledge of the origin and proper treatment of human disease. However, Engel argues that animal models are extremely unreliable at predicting how drugs will behave in humans, whether candidate drugs will be safe in humans, and whether candidate drugs will be effective in humans. Engel concludes that animal-based research fails to provide the epistemic, and thereby moral, benefits needed to justify its continued use.

scholarly journals Genome editing in large animals: current status and future prospects

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 402-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianguo Zhao ◽  
Liangxue Lai ◽  
Weizhi Ji ◽  
Qi Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Genome Editing ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Gene Editing ◽  
Disease Modeling ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Large Animals

AbstractLarge animals (non-human primates, livestock and dogs) are playing important roles in biomedical research, and large livestock animals serve as important sources of meat and milk. The recently developed programmable DNA nucleases have revolutionized the generation of gene-modified large animals that are used for biological and biomedical research. In this review, we briefly introduce the recent advances in nuclease-meditated gene editing tools, and we outline these editing tools’ applications in human disease modeling, regenerative medicine and agriculture. Additionally, we provide perspectives regarding the challenges and prospects of the new genome editing technology.

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