Hadassah, 1912–1933: Finding a Role

Hadassah ◽  
2011 ◽  
pp. 11-33
Author(s):  
Mira Katzburg-Yungman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Health Services ◽  
The United States ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Jewish Women ◽  
Main Field ◽  
Welfare Services ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Zionist Organization

This chapter details the founding of Hadassah within the context of its American setting as well as the growing need for organizations dedicated to providing health services. It shows how Szold and six other women published a flyer calling upon the Jewish women of America to found a large Zionist organization, with the twin aims of disseminating Zionism in the United States and setting up health and welfare services for women and children in Palestine. In response to this appeal, thirty-eight women gathered at Temple Emanuel in New York in 1912. The new organization adopted the name Hadassah Chapter of the Daughters of Zion, after the study group that formed its core; and the women agreed, following Szold, that it should be devoted to meeting the pressing need for better health services in Palestine. The main field of activity that Hadassah chose to enter was one already considered suitable for women in the United States, professionals and volunteers alike.

Prologue

Hadassah ◽  
2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Mira Katzburg-Yungman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Jewish Women ◽  
Rare Combination ◽  
American Jewry ◽  
American Jewish ◽  
Zionist Organization

This introductory chapter is a brief overview of Hadassah, the Women's Zionist Organization of America. It briefly describes the organization's founding, as well as its leader, Henrietta Szold (1860–1945) — a woman who personified a rare combination of spirit, vision, idealism, and an extraordinary organizational and practical ability. Szold, who was both the spiritual and the organizational progenitor of Hadassah, envisioned it as a way to harness the unique capabilities of American Jewish women to the Zionist enterprise in Palestine. Here, the chapter discusses Hadassah's parallel history with that of American Jewry in general, and reviews the extent of scholarship regarding the organization. It places the study within the context of the circumstances prevailing both in the United States and in the Yishuv and Israel.

Comparative and Feminist Perspectives

Hadassah ◽  
2011 ◽  
pp. 269-282
Author(s):  
Mira Katzburg-Yungman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Political Party ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Involvement ◽  
Jewish Women ◽  
Zionist Movement ◽  
Feminist Perspectives ◽  
Pioneer Women ◽  
Humanitarian Work ◽  
Zionist Organization

This chapter compares Hadassah to other American Zionist organizations. In particular, the chapter compares it to the Zionist Organization of America (ZOA), Pioneer Women, and the Mizrachi Women's Organization of America, and also with WIZO, the Women's International Zionist Organization. Through these comparisons, the chapter aims to better understand Hadassah's sources of strength. In addition to these, Hadassah drew strength from its apolitical character. The avoidance in principle of any affiliation with any political party, either in the United States or in Israel, was based on the central objective of Hadassah to be a popular, mass-based Zionist movement of Jewish women. This motive was coupled with the accepted view at the time of its establishment that political involvement was not appropriate for women. Indeed, to this day the largest women's organizations, Jewish and non-Jewish alike, are mainly involved in humanitarian work, and declare themselves non-partisan.

scholarly journals Rosa Einhorn (1872–1950): A Woman Pioneer in Medicine between Bosnia (1902–1913), New York, and Palestine

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 281
Author(s):  
Brigitte Fuchs ◽  
Husref Tahirović
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Female Physician ◽  
The United States ◽  
Private Physician ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Short Biography ◽  
Public Health Authorities ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
The University

<p>This short biography details the life and medical activities of Rosa Einhorn, mariée Bloch (1872–1950), who practised as an Austro-Hungarian (AH) official female physician in Travnik in occupied Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH) from 1902 to 1904, and as a semi-official private physician from 1905 to 1912/13. Born in Hrodna district in the Russian Pale of Crescent, Einhorn had qualified and practised as a “<em>feldsheritsa</em>” in Russia and went to Switzerland to study medicine in 1896. Upon receiving her medi­cal doctorate from the University of Lausanne in 1901, she became recommended as a particularly adequate candidate for the not-yet-created position of an AH official female physician in BH. After Einhorn functioned as a general practitioner for women and children in Travnik and the adjacent districts for two years, the AH public health authorities officially dismissed her due to her engagement and marriage to the AH judiciary Sigismund Bloch (1850–1927). However, she obtained a right to private practice in 1905 and was employed as a private physician in AH anti-syphilis campaigning. Struggling for her reinstatement as an official female physician in Travnik, she also strove for the accreditation of her Swiss diploma in Austria, though in vain. After two attempts to emigrate to the United States in 1904 and 1913, Rosa Einhorn finally left Europe to work as a physician in the United States and Mandatory Palestine/Eretz Israel in 1923. She died in New York on May 27, 1950.</p><p><strong>Conclusion. </strong>Rosa Einhorn was employed as a provisory official female physician in Travnik in 1903/1904, the AH authorities accepting her only as a lo­cal private female physician after her marriage in 1905. Struggling in vain for her reinstatement, she finally left Bosnia in 1913.</p>

The Resurgence of Tuberculosis in the United States: Societal Origins and Societal Responses

1993 ◽  
Vol 21 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 303-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor W. Sidel ◽  
Ernest Drucker ◽  
Steven C. Martin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
New York City ◽  
Health Services ◽  
York City ◽  
The United States ◽  
Recent Past ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The U.S

Planning of effective responses to the recent resurgence of tuberculosis in the United States, and particularly in New York City, requires review of our knowledge of (1) the factors that led to the decline of tuberculosis in the U.S. and other countries during the nineteenth and the first three-quarters of the twentieth century, and (2) the recent changes in these same factors and the rise of new factors that have contributed to its resurgence. Because the analysis of the impact of all of these factors in both the remote and the recent past is controversial, it is important to use a well-defined framework to organize the analysis. The framework we will use is shown in Table 1. To the classic epidemiologic triad of Agent, Host and Environment it adds the category of Health Services. In this paper we redefine both the classic and new categories using current disciplines and concepts applicable to tuberculosis.

Mental health services providers' distribution across counties in the United States.

1984 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 1424-1434 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Knesper ◽  
John R. Wheeler ◽  
David J. Pagnucco
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Health Services ◽  
The United States

The “Japanese Turn” in Fine Dining in the United States, 1980–2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
Samuel H. Yamashita
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
San Francisco Bay Area ◽  
The United States ◽  
First Century ◽  
Further Training ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
Wide Acceptance

In the 1970s, Japanese cooks began to appear in the kitchens of nouvelle cuisine chefs in France for further training, with scores more arriving in the next decades. Paul Bocuse, Alain Chapel, Joël Robuchon, and other leading French chefs started visiting Japan to teach, cook, and sample Japanese cuisine, and ten of them eventually opened restaurants there. In the 1980s and 1990s, these chefs' frequent visits to Japan and the steady flow of Japanese stagiaires to French restaurants in Europe and the United States encouraged a series of changes that I am calling the “Japanese turn,” which found chefs at fine-dining establishments in Los Angeles, New York City, and later the San Francisco Bay Area using an ever-widening array of Japanese ingredients, employing Japanese culinary techniques, and adding Japanese dishes to their menus. By the second decade of the twenty-first century, the wide acceptance of not only Japanese ingredients and techniques but also concepts like umami (savory tastiness) and shun (seasonality) suggest that Japanese cuisine is now well known to many American chefs.

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