Pińsk, Saturday 5 April, 1919

2004 ◽  
pp. 227-251
Author(s):  
Jerzy Tomaszewski
Keyword(s):  
Small Town ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Town

This chapter recounts a drama which took place in Pińsk, a small town in Polesie, on the evening of April 5, 1919: 34 Jews were shot dead by the order of the commander of the local Polish military garrison. The event took place when a number of strangers were present in the town, so that the news arrived in Warsaw as early as April 6 and on April 7, a member of the Food Distributing Commission sent a report to the Jewish Parliamentary Club. On April 8, Jewish deputies submitted a question in Parliament, based partly on this report. On April 9, Warsaw newspapers brought out more or less comprehensive accounts, including information contained in the parliamentary question and an announcement of the official Polish Telegraphic Agency (PAT). The executions in Pińsk, which, as further investigations have shown, were a glaring example of lawlessness and abuse of authority committed by the military, had wide international repercussions.

Three Documents on Anti-Jewish Violence in the Eastern Kresy during the Polish–Soviet Conflict

2001 ◽  
pp. 116-149
Author(s):  
Sarunas Liekis ◽  
Lidia Miliakova ◽  
Antony Polonsky
Keyword(s):  
Jewish Population ◽  
Small Town ◽  
Document Collections ◽  
Anti Jewish ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Town

This chapter presents three documents describing the anti-Jewish violence in Lida and in Vilna in April 1919. The documents on Lida come from the collection of the supreme command of the Polish army in the holdings of the Tsentr khraneniia istoriko-dokumentalnykh kollektsii (Moscow Centre for the Preservation of Historical and Document Collections). Lida was a small town about 60 miles south of Vilna, with which it was linked by rail. In 1919, its population was about 5,500, of whom the majority were Jews (67.7 per cent according to the census of 1897). Disputes arose almost immediately after the town was recaptured by Polish forces in April 1919, on the scale and reasons for the anti-Jewish violence which followed the establishment of Polish control. On 18 April 1919, the report of the Polish central headquarters covering the military developments in Lida claimed that ‘the Jewish population assisted the Bolsheviks by shooting Polish troops’.

scholarly journals EMPIRE, COMMUNITY, AND CULTURE ON THE MIDDLE EUPHRATES. DURENES, PALMYRENES, VILLAGERS, AND SOLDIERS

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-95
Author(s):  
TED KAIZER
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Small Town ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Urban Settlement ◽  
Near Eastern ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Town

Abstract The focus of this paper is on the Middle Euphrates: Dura-Europos as its best-known urban settlement; a series of villages known mostly from two papyrological dossiers situated along the river; and the military stations on the Euphrates. The paper asks questions about the impact (or lack of it) of the culture of Palmyra on the region's communities. It is argued that Dura-Europos remains our best case study for social and religious life in a Near Eastern small town under the Roman empire, and that the only evidence that actually makes the town look potentially ‘untypical’ is the idiosyncratic source material related to its Palmyrene inhabitants. The paper also questions the traditional periodization of Dura's history and puts forward the hypothesis that at two points during the so-called ‘Parthian phase’ Palmyrenes took advantage of a power vacuum along the Middle Euphrates and became the dominant military factor in the region.

Between Hinterland and Frontier: Ottoman Vidin, Fifteenth to Eighteenth Centuries

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROSSITSA GRADEVA
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
National Library ◽  
Provincial Administration ◽  
Military Activity ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Town

This chapter examines how the frontier and the changing fate of the region influenced the military system as well as the provincial administration and agrarian regime. It focuses on Vidin in the period of the wars which made it a frontier outpost again, being either directly occupied (by the Holy League) or under immediate threat (in 1715–18). As in many other frontier areas, military activity affected relations between Muslims and Christians in the province and the town of Vidin. This chapter contributes to a better understanding of the complex impact of the wars during the expansion and contraction of the Ottoman state. The discussion is based mainly on documents from the series of kadi sicils, the records of the sharia court in the town, preserved from the last years of the seventeenth century onwards and kept in the Sofia National Library.

Foul-Weather Friends

2021 ◽  
pp. 441-462
Author(s):  
Curtis G. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Jewish Community ◽  
Small Town ◽  
Ritual Murder ◽  
Murder Trials ◽  
The Town

This chapter highlights the civil–military commission of Lublin voivodeship that adjudicated a contract dispute between the town magistracy and the Jewish community of Lublin over the quartering of soldiers for the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth's rapidly growing army. It analyzes the quarrels between Jews and their Christian neighbours that punctuated small-town life in pre-modern eastern Europe. It also points out how disputes serve as a reminder that the confrontations between Jews and Christians did not arise from ethno-religious hostility. The chapter mentions historians of Poland–Lithuania that often viewed the dynamics of Jewish–Christian interaction through dramatic details, such as the escalation of ritual murder trials in the eighteenth century. It describes contacts between urban Christians and Jews that revolved around concrete and prosaic concerns that were connected with the ambiguous powers and duties of both groups.

VII. The Papal Palace and other Fourteenth-Century Buildings at Sorgues near Avignon

Archaeologia ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 161-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. Luttrell ◽  
T. F. C. Blagg
Keyword(s):  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
Small Town ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
Major Tributary ◽  
John Xxii ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Town ◽  
Old Roman

John XXII, elected as the second of the Avignon popes on 7 August 1316 at the age of seventy-two, built extensively in the territories around that city as well as initiating works in Avignon itself. In 1318 he began the construction of a palace on the edge of the small town of Sorgues, situated some nine kilometres north of Avignon at a point on the line of the old Roman road to Orange where there was a bridge across the river Ouvèze, a major tributary of the Rhône. This paper considers the evidence for the palace, including the surviving remains of the structure which are published here for the first time, and for certain contemporary buildings in Sorgues, in particular the house at 27 Rue de la Tour in which a series of late fourteenth-century frescoes was uncovered in 1936. These researches began with an architectural study of this ‘Maison des Fresques’, but it soon became clear that such investigations raised wider questions involving the interpretation of documentary and archaeological evidence relevant both to the palace and to the medieval topography of the town.

scholarly journals Living in a leisure town: residential reactions to the growth of popular tourism in Southend, 1870–1890

Urban History ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID CHURCHILL
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Small Town ◽  
Social Perceptions ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
The Social ◽  
Resort Towns ◽  
The Town

ABSTRACT:While historical interest in the seaside has grown appreciably in recent times, much of the literature remains preoccupied with issues specific to resort towns. This article examines the social dynamics of the seaside town more broadly, through a study of Southend residents in the 1870s and 1880s. It analyses their discussions of working-class tourists and the industries which catered for them, before examining attempts to regulate the use of public space in the town. This is a study of rapid urbanization in a small town, and how social perceptions and relations were reconfigured in this context.

scholarly journals Glory Crowned in Marble: Self-promotion of Individuals and Families in Seventeenth- and Eighteenth-Century Monuments in Istria and Dalmatia

2019 ◽  
pp. 139-150
Author(s):  
Damir Tulić
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Parish Church ◽  
Military Engineer ◽  
Common Purpose ◽  
The Military ◽  
Venetian Republic ◽  
The Town ◽  
The Church ◽  
Commemorative Monuments

Senior representatives of the Venetian Republic inspired distinguished noblemen and rich citizens in Venice, as well as in Terraferma and Stato da Mar, to perpetuate their memory through lavish commemorative monuments that were erected in churches and convents. Their endeavour for self-promotion and their wish to monopolise glory could be detected in the choice of material for the busts that adorned almost every monument: marble. The most elaborate monument of this kind belongs to the Brutti family, erected in 1695 in Koper Cathedral. In 1688 the Town of Labin ordered a marble bust of local hero Antonio Bollani and placed it on the facade of the parish church. Fine examples of family glorification could be found in the capital of Venetian Dalmatia – Zadar. In the Church of Saint Chrysogonus, there is a monument to the provveditore Marino Zorzi, adorned with a marble portrait bust. Rather similar is the monument to condottiere Simeone Fanfogna in Zadar’s Benedictine Church of Saint Mary and the monument to the military engineer Francesco Rossini in Saint Simeon. All these monuments embellished with portrait busts have a common purpose: to ensure the everlasting memory of important individuals. This paper analyses comparative examples, models, artists, as well as the desires of clients or authorities that were able to invest money in self or family promotion, thus creating the identity of success.

Iuppiter Dolichenus

1952 ◽  
Vol 21 (62) ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
V. E. Nash-Williams
Keyword(s):  
Small Town ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Roman World ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Trading Routes ◽  
The Town ◽  
Iron Bearing

Iuppiter Dolichenus is of interest as one of the group of oriental deities whose worship gained so wide a footing in the Roman world under the Empire. Second only in popularity to the Persian Mithras, Dolichenus extended his sway to the farthest limits of the Empire, and in some outlying provinces like Britain seems even to have challenged the primacy of Mithras himself.Doliche, the original seat of Iuppiter Dolichenus, was a small town in the iron-bearing district of Commagene (ubi ferrum nascitur) in northern Syria, the meeting-place of several ancient military and trading routes. The earliest portrayals of the Dolichene god, dating from the mid-second and early first millennia B.C., identify him as in origin a Hittite thunder-god, with mixed Khurrite and Semitic attributes. He is shown as a bearded figure, with a pigtail, standing on a bull (symbolical of thunder and fertility), facing right, wearing a peaked and horned bonnet, fringed tunic, girdle, and sword, and brandishing a double axe in his right hand and a triple thunderbolt in his left; in the field above his head is the winged disk of the sun. The Hittite name of the god was Teshub, but by the later fully Semiticized Syrians he was identified with the Semitic god Hadad as the Ba'al (i.e. ‘Lord’) of the town of Doliche. In pre-Roman times, under the influence of Chaldean cosmology, there was a tendency to extend his supremacy to the heavens generally (‘Ba'alshamin’), and this extended status is reflected in later Roman dedications in the use of such epithets as aeternus, conservator totius mundi, exsuperantissimus, and the like.

Vom nationalen Narrativ vergessen – Der Beitrag des Herzogtums Kurland und Semgallen sowie des Piltener Kreises während der Schlacht bei Kirchholm im Jahre 1605

2013 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-266
Author(s):  
Mariusz Balcerek
Keyword(s):  
Small Town ◽  
Modern Literature ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
The Military

Abstract On September 27th, 1605 a battle between a numerically superior Swedish army and cavalry strong Polish-Lithuanian forces took place close to Kirchholm a small town just outside of Riga. The surprising defeat of the Swedes and the conclusions drawn from this encounter had a massive impact on the development of the military in the 17th century. Even though that there is a large number of publications on this topic, the contribution of the Dutchy of Courland and Semigallia as well as the Piltene district during this battle has not found adequate appreciation in modern literature. This article illustrates in detail how important the support of these troops from Livland was for the outcome of this battle at the banks of the Düna and therefore substantiates the knowledge and the image of one of the most important clashes of the Polish-Swedish War 1600-1629 on the eve of the Thirty Years‘ War.

scholarly journals The Belgian Limburg dialect of Hamont

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jo Verhoeven
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Small Town ◽  
Lexical Tone ◽  
The West ◽  
Unique Position ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
National Border ◽  
The Town ◽  
Eastern Edge

Hamont is a small town located on the north-eastern edge of the Belgian province of Limburg, on the national border with the Netherlands. It is situated about 30 km south of Eindhoven and 15 km west of Weert in the Netherlands. The town has about 13,500 inhabitants. According to Belemans, Kruijsen & Van Keymeulen (1998), the dialect of Hamont belongs to the West Limburg dialects (subclassification: Dommellands). Limburg dialects occupy a unique position among the Belgian and Dutch dialects in that their prosodic system has a lexical tone distinction, which is traditionally referred to as SLEEPTOON ‘dragging tone’ and STOOTTOON ‘push tone’. In line with recent conventions, stoottoon is referred to as Accent 1 and transcribed as superscript 1; sleeptoon is referred to as Accent 2 and is transcribed as superscript 2 (cf. Schmidt 1986).

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