urban settlement
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2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 649-670
Author(s):  
Zafer Kuyrukçu ◽  
Ahmet Alkan

Emerging as urban institutions in the medieval Europe, universities began to offer education in college buildings in the center of the cities where they were originally established. Over time, with the effect of the American campus model, they have become independent settlements that can grow and develop in large areas outside of cities. Today, however, many university campuses are functionally, economically, and socially obsolete and in need of restructuring. This study aims to develop a systematic decision-making process for the evaluation of urban settlement of universities in accordance with some parameters. Thus, based on the national and international research on the location selection of universities, ‘25 subparameters under four main parameter groups affecting the urban location selection’ were identified. The analysis of these parameters was performed by applying the AHP method, the evaluation of alternative decisions was carried out by applying the TOPSIS method, and a decision-making methodology was developed for the location selection of universities within the city. To test this methodology, ‘Selçuk University’ was determined as the sampling site. With the method developed in the study, it was determined that the interaction between the university and the city and the accessibility of the university were critical in the urban settlement of the universities. Although the establishment of a university campus has become easier with the growth and development of higher education today, the fact that universities exist for the society and cannot be isolated from it should not be forgotten. Therefore, the return of the university to the city must be ensured and the university and the city must be reconciliated.


PRIMO ASPECTU ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Nadezhda A. Ovchar

The article presents the author's view of youth as a socio-demographic group that performs very important functions in society. Thus, the retention of young people in the urban community ensures the social continuity of the territorial settlement, as well as adaptability, readiness for change. The author substantiates his position, drawing on the works of P. Bourdieu and G. Becker, V.V. Radaev. The author presents the characteristics of youth as resources of not only a social group, but also the human capital of the entire urban settlement.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Macrae ◽  
◽  
Gyles Iannone ◽  
Kong Cheong ◽  
◽  
...  

What we know about Bagan derives almost exclusively from historical sources – namely retrospective chronicles, inscriptions, and changing architectural styles. To date, archaeological excavations have played a limited role in augmenting or challenging this traditional narrative. This is unfortunate, because small scale excavations within Bagan’s peri-urban settlement zone, and within the walled and moated “royal city,” have demonstrated considerable knowledge about the city’s past. This is especially true for the Pre-Bagan phase (600-1044 CE). This presentation documents what we think we know about the time “before Bagan,” using the established sources, and assesses this narrative using information from contemporaneous excavation levels. ပုဂံခေတ်ယဉ်ချေးမှုအခြျာင်းျို သမိုင်းအေေျ်လျ်မေားဖြစ်သည့် အစဉ်အလာရာဇဝင်မှတ်တမ်းမေား၊ ချောျ်စာမေား၊ နှင့် ခဖပာင်းလဲလာေဲ့သည့်ဗိသုျာပုံ စံမေားမှသာလေင် သိြျရသည်။ နှစ်သျ်တမ်း သတ်မှတ်ရန်အတွျ် ခရှးခောင်းသုခတ သနဆိုင်ရာတူးခြာ်ခလ့လာမှုမေားသည်အစဉ်အလာအဆိုအမိန့် မေားျို ခဝြန်စစ်ခဆးရန် (သို့) ဖပင်ဆင်ြျရန် လုံခလာျ်မှုမရှိြျခသးခေေ။ ပုဂံမမို့ရိုး၊ ျေုံးဧရိယာနှင့် မမို့အစွန်အြေ ားခနရာမေားတွင်ခလ့လာေဲ့သည့် အနည်းငယ်မျှခသာ စမ်းသပ်တူးခြာ်ခလ့လာမှုမေားျ ပုဂံမမို့၏အတိတ်ျာလျို သိရှိနိုင်ခစရန် ရုပ်လုံးခြာ်ြပခနြျသည်။ ပုဂံမမို့ဖပမတိုင်မီျာလ (၆၀၀-၁၀၄၄ စီအီး)နှစ်သျ်တမ်းတွျ်ေေျ်မှုအခဖြမေားရရှိေဲ့သည်။ ယေုတင်ဖပမည့် စာတမ်းမှာ ပုဂံခေတ် မတိုင်မီျာလအခြျာင်းအရာမေားျို ခရှးခောင်းသုခတသနပ ညာရပ်ဆိုင်ရာတူးခြာ်မှုရလဒ်မေားနှင့် အစဉ်အလာအဆိုအမိန့်အေေျ်အလျ်မေားျို စစ်ခဆးအသုံးဖပုလေျ် မည်ျဲ့သို့ခတွးခတာသိရှိလာနိုင် ခြျာင်းျို တင်ဖပမည်ဖြစ်ပါသည်။


2021 ◽  
pp. 009614422110550
Author(s):  
Anat Kidron

This article looks at the impact of harsh environmental conditions on the development of the Zionist narrative and the pursuit of Jewish urban settlement in Arab cities, specifically Acre. While overcoming adversity was part of the Zionist farming ethos, settling in areas that were environmentally challenging was one of the factors that kept the Zionist establishment from acknowledging or supporting urban Jewish settlement in Arab towns. In fact, the openly professed ideology of settling in such locations and creating mixed cities was implemented only in the few cases where an economic or political incentive existed. These incentives aside, environmental issues like swampy land and seasonal flooding were major inhibiting factors, not only affecting the scope of Jewish settlement but also the way they were addressed in the Zionist narrative.


Author(s):  
Д. Е. Чистов

В ходе раскопок архаического поселения на о. Березань в устье Днепро-Бугского лимана в 1970 г. была сделана важная находка, значению которой ранее не уделялось должного внимания. Экспедицией ИА АН УССР под руководством В. В. Лапина раскрыто двойное захоронение - кремация. Два ионийских сосуда, использованные в качестве урн для помещения праха, и аттическая чаша на ножке, послужившая в качестве крышки одного из них, позволяют датировать погребение концом VI или рубежом VI-V вв. до н. э. Понимание контекста захоронения затруднено плохой сохранностью окружающих архаических строительных остатков - они в значительной степени уничтожены при строительстве на этом месте большого комплекса построек в IV в. до н. э. Однако установлено, что двойное погребение находилось на значительном удалении от некрополя, в центральной части городского квартала, и всего в 18 метрах от общественного здания - т. н. «дома с апсидой». Возможно, здесь был расположен героон. Раскрытые В. В. Лапиным погребения вполне могли бы принадлежать кому-то из лидеров колонистов, основавших и построивших на Березани урбанизированное поселение несколькими десятилетиями ранее - в начале третьей четверти VI в. до н. э. Захоронение с двойной кремацией своей датировкой приблизительно совпадает со сменой строительных фаз II-A и II-B в периодизации Березанского поселения. Завершение фазы II-A отмечается пожарами, разрушениями и последующими перестройками, прослеженными в разных частях памятника. Нельзя исключить того, что гибель двух человек, погребенных неподалеку от «дома с апсидой», также была связана с этой катастрофой, причины которой пока не установлены. During the excavations of an Archaic period settlement on the Berezan island in the mouth of the Dnieper-Bug silted estuary in 1970 an important find was made that was not given due consideration. The expedition of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences led by V. V. Lapin discovered a double cremation burial. Two Ionian vessels (Fig. 3) used as urns with ashes and an Attic footed cup that was used as a lid of one of these vessels suggest that the burial dates to the end of the 6th c. BC or the end of the 6th - early 5th cc. BC. Understanding the burial context is hampered by poor preservation conditions of archaic buildings debris which were mostly pulled down during construction of a group of buildings in the 4th c. BC. However, it has been found that the double burial was located at a long distance from the necropolis in the central part of the city blocks, only 18 m away from the public building, the so called house with an apse (Fig. 2). Maybe, a heroon was located there. The burials uncovered by V. V. Lapin probably belonged to one of the colonists’ leaders who had founded this urban settlement on the Berezan island several decades before, i.e. in the early third quarter of the 6th c. BC. Chronologically the double cremation burial almost coincides with the replacement of construction phases II-A and II-B according to the Berezan settlement periodization. The end of construction phases II-A was marked by fires, collapse of buildings and subsequent rebuilding traced in various parts of the site. We cannot exclude that the death of two individuals buried not far from the house with the apse was also linked to this disaster by factors not yet identified


Vaccine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia M. Porth ◽  
Abram L. Wagner ◽  
Emily Treleaven ◽  
Nancy L. Fleischer ◽  
Martin K. Mutua ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 921 (1) ◽  
pp. 012014
Author(s):  
L Indrianingrum ◽  
N Yuliastuti ◽  
S R Sari ◽  
J Sholihah ◽  
E Prihandanii ◽  
...  

Abstract Kampung Batik Semarang is a common name of a specific yet traditional urban settlement located in northern city center of Semarang because of its leading economic in batik making. It has a strong root of resiliency based on its history in recovering the community’s economic and neighbourhood. The aim of this study is to identify the resiliency of kampong batik after certain disaster in the past and the rise and fall of its development. The study is using qualitative approach and descriptive analysis to get depth discussion of efforts of stakeholders and the development of the settlement that leads to the sustainability of this kampong. The result shows that the sustainability of Batik Kampong is related to three factors; there are the historical background, spatial location of the kampung, and the efforts of local government and the community.


2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 705-722
Author(s):  
Massimo Vidale ◽  
Nasir Eskandari ◽  
Mojgan Shafiee ◽  
Irene Caldana ◽  
Francois Desset

A fragmentary large chlorite vessel of the Halil Rud valley civilization (Kerman, Iran, mid third millennium bc), found in unknown circumstances and recently recovered by the police forces of Iran, is discussed in the wider scenario of coeval animal iconographies of middle and southwest Asia. Beginning from the imagery carved in the two superimposed friezes of the reassembled fragments, we review the different theoretical approaches in interpretation of similar animal iconography. The figuration of the vessel is interpreted as a scene of the scavenging of bovine carcasses by three different animal actors: lions and birds of prey/vultures, but also hyenas—a subject previously unknown in the art of the reference regions. Following a review of the interrelations of these species in scavenging and with humans, particularly in the coeval context of domestic animal exploitation and developing urban settlement, we investigate the potential semantic implications of the iconography in terms of the symbolism and ideology in the social context.


2021 ◽  
pp. 108-116
Author(s):  
E. N. Koroleva

Introduction. The issues of creating, preserving and improving the quality of green areas are relevant not only for the municipality — the city of Barnaul, but also for each urban settlement of the Russian Federation, village and settlement.Methodology. To identify numerous shortcomings in the management, a statistical analysis of the main indicators of the development of the improvement sector, the main opinions of «experts», was carried out. In order to find ways out to ensure the comfort of living for each resident of the city, a theoretical generalization is used.Results. The main geoecological characteristics of the municipality — the city of Barnaul – are described. It reflects not only the achievements of local governments in this area, but also highlights the main problem-the lack of a unified concept of landscaping. To predict the development of the city and the formation of a unified approach to landscaping, the main measures are proposed that will allow creating an up-to-date, and most importantly, allowing each resident to comfortably exist, a model for managing the field of landscaping.Analysis and discussion. The forecast estimate for the municipality — the city of Barnaul from the proposed measures for rational use of natural resources is given.Conclusions. The application of these results is not only possible, but it is also necessary to take into account the local self-government bodies when managing the geoecological processes of each city of the Russian Federation in order to achieve an optimal standard of living for the population.


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