RETAIL LOYALTY PROGRAMS IN MALAYSIA: THE RELATIONSHIP OF EQUITY, VALUE, SATISFACTION, TRUST, AND LOYALTY AMONG CARDHOLDERS / MAŽMENINĖS PREKYBOS LOJALUMO PROGRAMOS MALAIZIJOJE: NUOSAVAS KAPITALAS, VERTĖ, PASITENKINIMAS, PASITIKĖJIMAS IR LOJALUMAS

This study examines loyalty programs in Malaysia in terms of perceived equity, value, program satisfaction, program trust, and store loyalty. A total of 400 questionnaires were collected from cardholders in Klang Valley, Malaysia. The hypotheses were based on social exchange and equity theories. The structural equation model that assessed the relationship between the proposed variables was tested using AMOS 6.0. The findings revealed that perceived equity and perceived value of the loyalty program significantly influence program satisfaction and trust. Program trust was the most important predictor of store loyalty. Limitations of the study and recommendations for future research are discussed. Santrauka Autoriai analizuoja Malaizijoje paplitusias mažmeninės prekybos programas, t. y. jų vertę, patrauklumą, pasitikėjimą programa ir lojalumą. Tyrime dalyvavo 400 respondentų. Hipotezės buvo pagrįstos socialinių mainų ir lygybės teorijomis. Sudarytas struktūrinis modelis vertina siūlomų rodiklių ir jų variacijų santykinę priklausomybę naudojant AMOS 6.0. Gauti rezultatai parodė, kad tiek nuosavo kapitalo, tiek siūlomos programos lojalumas turi įtakos programos pasitenkinimo ir pasitikėjimo lygiui. Pasitikėjimas programa buvo vienas svarbiausių veiksnių vertinant vartotojų lojalumą.

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Job insecurity and turnover intention: Organizational commitment as mediator

Social Behavior and Personality An International Journal ◽

10.2224/sbp.5865 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 45 (4) ◽

pp. 529-536 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Sang Hyun Lee ◽

Dae Yong Jeong

Keyword(s):

Organizational Commitment ◽

Social Exchange ◽

Turnover Intention ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Social Exchange Theory ◽

Job Insecurity ◽

Mediating Effect ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Future Research ◽

The Relationship

Drawing from social exchange theory, we investigated the relationship between job insecurity and turnover intention, and the mediating effect of organizational commitment on this relationship. Structural equation modeling was employed to investigate the hypotheses using data from 459 employees in various firms in South Korea. Our findings confirmed that job insecurity was positively related to turnover intention, and that organizational commitment mediated the relationship between job insecurity and turnover intention. Implications of our findings for the job insecurity literature are discussed in the Korean context, and directions for future research are given.

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The Relationship between Employee Engagement, HRM practices and Perceived Organizational Support: Evidence from Banking Employees

International Journal of Human Resource Studies ◽

10.5296/ijhrs.v7i3.11353 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Alima Aktar ◽

Faizuniah Pangil

Keyword(s):

Employee Engagement ◽

Social Exchange ◽

Organizational Support ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Perceived Organizational Support ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Future Research ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Hrm Practices ◽

The Relationship

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between HRM practices and employee engagement. Although employee engagement has got a great attention among the industry practitioners in recent times, it requires more considerations particularly in the academic literature. Based on the norms of social exchange theory (SET), this study has developed the framework to examine the role of perceived organizational support (POS) on HRM practices-employee engagement linkage. Survey data has been collected from employees who are working in different private commercial banks in Bangladesh. This study has used a sample of 376 employees using cluster sampling technique. To analyze the data, this study has employed SmartPLS 3.0 version software. The results of structural equation modeling revealed that HRM practices namely career advancement, job security and performance were significantly and positively related to employee engagement. The results also showed that POS can moderate the relationship between HRM practices and employee engagement. It suggests that in the presence of POS, relatively low level of employees’ perceptions regarding job related resources will exert a high level of employees’ behavioral outcomes such as engagement. The implications and suggestions for future research have also been discussed.

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The Effect of Social Capital and Absorptive Capacity through Knowledge Management on Finance Company Performance in Indonesia

International Business Research ◽

10.5539/ibr.v11n1p87 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 87

Author(s):

Alexander Tan

Keyword(s):

Social Capital ◽

Knowledge Management ◽

Absorptive Capacity ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Practical Implication ◽

Equation Model ◽

Future Research ◽

Company Performance ◽

General Effect ◽

The Relationship

The objective of this research is to present a model that describes the general effect of social capital and absorptive capacity on knowledge management and its implications on company performance.The model proposed in this research is tested by structural equation model. This research processed data from 258 respondents of employees of finance companies in Indonesia that meet certain requirements of 27 samples of the company.This research found that social capital has a positive and significant effect on absorptive capacity and knowledge management. Absorptive capacity has a positive and significant impact on knowledge management and company performance. Knowledge management also has a positive and significant effect on company performance. Social capital and absorptive capacity together have a positive and significant influence on knowledge management. Furthermore social capital, absorptive capacity and knowledge management together have a positive and significant impact on company performance. Absorptive capacity mediates the relationship between social capital and knowledge management. Knowledge management fully mediates the relationship between social capital and absorptive capacity on company performance. Social capital indirectly affects the company performance through knowledge management or absorptive capacity.This research model only limits the factors that affect company performance to three main variables namely social capital, absorptive capacity and knowledge management. Future research is suggested to try with additional other variables such as monetary incentives and/or corporate culture.The practical implication of this research is to improve knowledge management, it is necessary to improve social capital and absorptive capacity together. Furthermore company performance can be improved if social capital, absorptive capacity and knowledge management also improved simultaneously.The model proposed in this research improves the understanding of academics and practitioners about the construct of knowledge management. The mediation function of knowledge management is something new from this research compared to previous researches. This research also provides an additional contradictory list of previous researches on the relationship between social capital and company performance.

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How the Loyalty of Expedition Business Can Be Formed Through Trust and Satisfaction

Sebelas Maret Business Review ◽

10.20961/smbr.v2i1.11678 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Esti Nur Wakhidah ◽

Budhi Haryanto

Keyword(s):

Service Quality ◽

Customer Loyalty ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Brand Image ◽

Equation Model ◽

Point Of View ◽

Mediation Effect ◽

Future Research ◽

Customer Trust ◽

The Relationship

The purpose of this study is to examine the role of satisfaction and trust in mediating the relationship between service quality and brand image, and customer's intention to be loyal. The data is collected using survey and conducted by distributing questionnaire through a website. Website is selected as a media to distribute th research instrument because today marketplace shows a shift from offline to online platform. This study selected 200 people who have the intention to loyal with Jalur Nugraha Ekakurir (JNE) service as samples. Structural Equation Model (SEM) is statistical method chosen to elaborate the relationship among the variables. The result of this research indicates that service quality and brand image have positive and significant effect on satisfaction and trust. In addition, this research also find the mediation effect of satisfaction and trust in shaping customer loyalty. This study also discusses the implications from theoretical, practical, and future research, point of view. Keywords: Service Quality, Brand Image, Customer Satisfaction, Customer Trust, Customer Loyalty

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Loyalty program and communication effectiveness as drivers of store loyalty

Measuring Business Excellence ◽

10.1108/mbe-11-2020-0154 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Aang Curatman ◽

Agus Suroso ◽

Suliyanto Suliyanto

Keyword(s):

Small And Medium Enterprises ◽

Loyalty Programs ◽

Primary Data ◽

Future Research ◽

Communication Effectiveness ◽

Store Loyalty ◽

Loyalty Program ◽

Content Type ◽

Customer Perceptions ◽

The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this study is to determine the direct effect of a loyalty program on program loyalty and store loyalty and to determine the role of communication effectiveness as a mediating variable in moving customers from program loyalty to store loyalty in the context of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs). Design/methodology/approach Respondents of this study were 100 customers of the MSMEs that sell Batik products in Cirebon, Indonesia who were selected by the purposive sampling method. This study focuses on primary data collected through a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SmartPLS 3.0 to determine the causality relationship between variables and to test the communication effectiveness as a mediating variable. Findings The results of this study indicate that the loyalty program has a significant effect on program loyalty; program loyalty has a significant effect on store loyalty and communication effectiveness, and communication effectiveness has a significant effect on store loyalty. Other results indicate that communication effectiveness partially mediates the relationship between program loyalty and store loyalty. Research limitations/implications Despite the significant implications, this study has four limitations. First, the research results cannot conclude the store in general because the sampling of this study is limited to MSMEs only. Future research is needed to explore more deeply to compare store loyalty to MSMEs and non-MSMEs. Second, this research is only aimed at MSMEs that have loyalty programs. Future research can be carried out by comparing MSMEs that have loyalty programs and MSMEs without loyalty programs. Third, this study only uses two independent variables and one mediating variable. As is well known, there are many other variables that are antecedents of store loyalty. Future research needs to be done to explore the effect of other variables (mediating and moderating) on store loyalty, such as service quality, company image and customer satisfaction. Fourth, the research sample is only 100 respondents. Future research should use a larger sample as this research is customer-based. Practical implications This study has a significant impact on MSMEs management by providing strategies that can increase and retain customers who have high store loyalty. MSMEs need to design loyalty programs to influence customer perceptions of status, buying habits and relationships with companies. If a customer associates a high value with loyalty program membership, the customer is more likely to find the communication relevant and credible, leading to effective communication that can increase store loyalty. Social implications This study provides real strategies and opportunities for MSMEs to develop so that they can survive or compete with similar companies. It is hoped that MSMEs will be able to absorb more labor so that it can increase the contribution of MSMEs to the national economy. Originality/value This study addresses the inconsistency of various results from previous studies regarding the relationship between program loyalty, loyalty programs, communication effectiveness and store loyalty, both directly and indirectly. In addition, several studies have been carried out in large corporate contexts. However, according to the authors’ knowledge, this research is for the first time being conducted in the context of MSMEs.

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Mediational role of rumination and reflection on irrational beliefs and distress

Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy ◽

10.1017/s1352465819000031 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 47 (6) ◽

pp. 659-671 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Murat Artiran ◽

Omer Faruk Şimşek ◽

Martin Turner

Keyword(s):

Psychological Distress ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Irrational Beliefs ◽

Positive Relationship ◽

Self Regulation ◽

Past Research ◽

Equation Model ◽

Future Research ◽

Rational Beliefs ◽

The Relationship

AbstractBackground:The cognitive restructuring of maladaptive beliefs within many cognitive behavioural psychotherapies typically encourages the client to undertake self-reflection. However, whilst self-consciousness can aid self-regulation, it is also implicated in a broad Grange of psychopathologies. The extent to which self-consciousness is associated with psychological distress is yet to be fully determined, but recent literature suggests that irrational beliefs, as proposed within rational emotive behaviour theory (REBT) may play an important role.Aims:The aim of the study was to test the mediational effects of self-consciousness, specifically reflection and rumination, on the relationship between irrational beliefs and psychological distress. Based on past research, it was hypothesized that reflection and rumination would mediate the positive relationship between irrational beliefs and psychological distress. We expected irrational beliefs to interact with rumination to positively predict psychological distress, and irrational beliefs to interact with reflection to negatively predict psychological distress.Method:The present research tested a structural equation model (SEM) in which rumination and reflection mediated the relationship between irrational beliefs and psychological distress.Results:Results indicated that rumination mediates the positive relationship between irrational beliefs and psychological distress. However, in contrast to our hypotheses, significant mediation did not emerge for reflection.Conclusions:This study is the first to show how irrational beliefs and rumination interact to predict psychopathology using advanced statistical techniques. However, future research is needed to determine whether similar mediational effects are evident with rational beliefs as opposed to irrational beliefs.

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HUBUNGAN ANGGARAN PARTISIPASI, KECUKUPAN ANGGARAN, KOMITMEN ORGANISASI, MOIWASI DAN KINERJA MANAJERIAL DENGAN MODEL PERSAMAAN STRUKTURAL

Media Riset Akuntansi Auditing & Informasi ◽

10.25105/mraai.v9i3.737 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 57

Author(s):

Mohamad Nasir

Keyword(s):

Organizational Commitment ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Measurement Model ◽

Negative Influence ◽

Equation Model ◽

Future Research ◽

Questionnaire Data ◽

Managerial Performance ◽

The Relationship ◽

Performance Budget

This research objective is to study the effect of budget adequacy, organizational commitment, and motivation on the relationship between budget participation and managerial performance. Data collection used 201 respondents that managers participate in preparing budget in public listed in Indonesia.and its' colleted by using questionnaire. Data analyzed by using structural equation model. This study found that budget participation have positive influenced on budget adequacy, but negative influence on organizational commitment. Budget participation have positive influenced on motivation but not significant. Budget participation have positive influenced on managerial performance. Budget adequacy have negative on managerial performance. Organizational commitment have positive influenced on managerial performance. Motivation have positive influenced on managerial performance. Budget participation influences on managerial performance directly more significant than through budget adequacy, organizational commitment, and motivation. The future research suggests it can be used by measurement model.Keywords: budget participation, budget adequacy, organizational commitment, motivation, managerial performance, structural equation model.

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Role of Shopping Value on Green Image and Store Loyalty Relationship

Journal of ASIAN Behavioural Studies ◽

10.21834/jabs.v3i6.249 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (6) ◽

pp. 169 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jamaliah Mohd. Yusof ◽

Rosidah Musa ◽

Sofiah Abd. Rahman

Keyword(s):

Structural Equation ◽

Publishing House ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Future Research ◽

Store Loyalty ◽

International Publishing ◽

Future Research Directions ◽

Quota Sampling ◽

The Relationship

This study aims at examining the role of shopping value in green image and store loyalty relationship. Convenience sampling using quota sampling was used to collect data of a sample of 565 consumers. Using structural equation modeling, it was found that shopping value mediates the relationship between green image of retailers and store loyalty. The result provides valuable insights to researchers and practitioners, and implications for future research directions and management of the retail industry are discussed. Keywords: Green Image ; Shopping Value ; Store Loyalty ; Consumer Behavior eISSN 2514-7528 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.

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Job satisfaction and OCBs: what’s new? The mediating role of organizational identification

International Journal of Organizational Analysis ◽

10.1108/ijoa-07-2021-2865 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Flavio Urbini ◽

Antonio Chirumbolo ◽

Emanuela Caracuzzo ◽

Antonino Callea

Keyword(s):

Job Satisfaction ◽

Social Exchange ◽

Organizational Identification ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Measurement Model ◽

Equation Model ◽

Bootstrap Analysis ◽

Content Type ◽

Positive Effects ◽

The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of intrinsic job satisfaction (JS) on organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) directed toward individuals (OCBs-I) and OCB directed toward organization (OCBs-O) via organizational identification (OID). Based on social exchange and social identity theories, it is hypothesized that OID may play a mediator role in the relationship between JS and OCBs-I and OCBs-O. Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire investigating JS, OID and OCBs dimensions was administered to 719 Italian employees. The mediation hypotheses were analyzed through structural equation model, via bootstrap analysis, after preliminary analyses as correlations and measurement model. Findings Results showed a positive relationship between JS, OID and OCBs dimensions. Furthermore, OID partially mediated the positive effects of JS on OCBs-I and OCBs-O. These findings supported hypotheses, suggesting that OID may explain the psychological mechanism through which an employee intrinsically satisfied about own job will fulfill more extra-role performance, i.e. OCBs-I and OCBs-O. Practical implications Implications for human resource management policies are discussed: to HR professionals is proposed to implement interventions to enhance employees’ intrinsic satisfaction and identification with the organization, to increase consequently positive organizational behaviors such as OCBs. Originality/value This study attempted to examine the JS-OCBs relationship in more depth. For the first time, the JS on OCBs-I and OCBs-O were simultaneously investigated, with OID as a mediator: shedding new light on the relationship among these variables.

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The relationship between physical environment and safety behavior

The Korean Journal of Industrial and Organizational Psychology ◽

10.24230/kjiop.v26i4.555-577 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 555-577

Author(s):

BeomJin Lee ◽

SeaYoung Park

Keyword(s):

Organizational Commitment ◽

Physical Environment ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Safety Climate ◽

Equation Model ◽

Moderating Effect ◽

Mediating Effect ◽

Future Research ◽

Safety Behavior ◽

The Relationship

The purposes of this study were to examine the influence of physical environment on both organizational commitment and safety behavior, the mediating effect of organizational commitment in the relationship between physical environment and safety behavior, and the moderating effect of safety climate in the relationship organizational commitment and safety behavior. Date were gathered from 281 employees who were working in manufacturing organization in Korea. The collected data were statistically analyzed though t-test, correlation analysis and Structural Equation Model(SEM) with SPSS 18.0, AMOS 18.0. The results showed that physical environment, organizational commitment, and safety climate had positive relationships with safety behavior. And Organizational commitment partially mediated the relationship between physical environment and safety behavior. But, safety climate hadn't a moderating effect between organizational commitment and safety behavior. Finally, implication of result and future research task were discussed with limitations.

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