SEA LEVEL VARIATIONS AT THE LATVIAN COASTAL HYDROLOGIC STATIONS

The objective of this paper is to analyse water level variations of the Baltic Sea on the Latvian coast. This is important because the Baltic Sea exhibits a number of remarkable phenomena. One of them is the sea level variations due to winds, complicated by the shape of the gulfs and islands. Under this influence the range of the sea level variations can reach 3 m on the coasts of gulfs. However, the tidal variations of the Baltic Sea range in the order of centimetres only. In the frame of this study, using hourly time series of the sea level records from 7 Latvian coastal hydrologic stations and employing spectral analysis, it has become feasible to identify diurnal and semi-diurnal tide existence both in the Gulf of Riga and in the Baltic Sea at the Latvian coast. Totally 4 main tidal constituents (O1, K1, M2, S2) have been identified. Additionally, nontidal frequency of 5 cycles per day has been detected in the sea level time series of the stations located in the Gulf of Riga.

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Regional differences in winter sea level variations in the Baltic Sea for the past 200 yr

Tellus A Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography ◽

10.1111/j.1600-0870.2007.00298.x ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 60 (2) ◽

pp. 384-393 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Birgit Hünicke ◽

Jürg Luterbacher ◽

Andreas Pauling ◽

Eduardo Zorita

Keyword(s):

Baltic Sea ◽

Sea Level ◽

Regional Differences ◽

The Baltic Sea ◽

The Past ◽

Sea Level Variations ◽

The Baltic

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SEA LEVEL VARIATIONS IN THE GULF OF BOTHNIA

Hydrology Research ◽

10.2166/nh.1973.0004 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 41-53 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

EUGENIE LISITZIN

Keyword(s):

Baltic Sea ◽

Sea Level ◽

Water Volume ◽

Tide Gauges ◽

The Baltic Sea ◽

Land Uplift ◽

Gulf Of Bothnia ◽

Sea Level Variations ◽

The Baltic

An attempt is made to compute the sea level variations in the Gulf of Bothnia, which is isolated by islands and thresholds from the Baltic Sea proper. Observations from tide gauges during the 30-year period 1931–1960 were used. The effect of land uplift was taken into consideration. The maximum annual deviation in water volume from the long-term mean corresponded to 20.74 km3..

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Past and Future Sea Level Changes and Land Uplift in the Baltic Sea Seen by Geodetic Observations

10.1007/1345_2020_124 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

M. Nordman ◽

A. Peltola ◽

M. Bilker-Koivula ◽

S. Lahtinen

Keyword(s):

Time Series ◽

Baltic Sea ◽

Sea Level Rise ◽

Sea Level ◽

Sea Level Changes ◽

The Baltic Sea ◽

Relative Sea Level ◽

Land Uplift ◽

Considerable Uncertainty ◽

The Baltic

Abstract We have studied the land uplift and relative sea level changes in the Baltic Sea in northern Europe. To observe the past changes and land uplift, we have used continuous GNSS time series, campaign-wise absolute gravity measurements and continuous tide gauge time series. To predict the future, we have used probabilistic future scenarios tuned for the Baltic Sea. The area we are interested in is Kvarken archipelago in Finland and High Coast in Sweden. These areas form a UNESCO World Heritage Site, where the land uplift process and how it demonstrates itself are the main values. We provide here the latest numbers of land uplift for the area, the current rates from geodetic observations, and probabilistic scenarios for future relative sea level rise. The maximum land uplift rates in Fennoscandia are in the Bothnian Bay of the Baltic Sea, where the maximum values are currently on the order of 10 mm/year with respect to the geoid. During the last 100 years, the land has risen from the sea by approximately 80 cm in this area. Estimates of future relative sea level change have considerable uncertainty, with values for the year 2100 ranging from 75 cm of sea level fall (land emergence) to 30 cm of sea-level rise.

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Seasonal and Decadal Variations of the Variance of the Synoptic and Mesoscale Sea Level Variability in the Baltic Sea

Water ◽

10.3390/w13131785 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (13) ◽

pp. 1785

Author(s):

Igor Medvedev ◽

Alisa Medvedeva

Keyword(s):

Baltic Sea ◽

Sea Level ◽

Absolute Maximum ◽

The Baltic Sea ◽

Sea Level Oscillations ◽

Gulf Of Riga ◽

Decadal Variations ◽

The Baltic ◽

High Coherence

The present study examines the seasonal and decadal changes of the variance of the synoptic (periods from 2 days to 30 days) and mesoscale (periods from 2 h to 2 days) sea level oscillations in the Baltic Sea. Long-term hourly sea level records were used at 12 tide gauges located in different parts of the sea. We used spectral analysis to estimate the variance for different time scales. The spectral density of sea level oscillations in the Baltic Sea has maximum values in winter when the cyclonic activity in the atmosphere is more intensive. The maximum variances of synoptic σsyn2 and mesoscale σmes2 sea level oscillations are observed in winter, except for the heads of the Gulf of Finland (Gorny Institute) and Gulf of Riga (Pärnu), where the absolute maximum of σsyn2 is reached in November. The variances σsyn2 and σmes2 from November to February are 2–3 and 5 times higher than in the summer. The values of σsyn2 and σmes2 are characterized by high correlation up to 0.7–0.75 with wind variations and atmospheric indices (NAO, AO, and SCAND) in winter and low correlation in summer. The zonal wind and σmes2 in Gorny Institute are characterized by wide areas of high coherence at periods of 0.7–4 years. At Gedser, σsyn2 decreased by 19%, and at Ratan it increased by 17% over 90 years. The values of σmes2 over 90 years increased by 32% at Klagshamn, 36% at Ratan, and up to 60% at Kungsholmsfort.

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