scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF THE AUTONOMOUS UNDERWATER NOISE RECORDER

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donatas Bagočius ◽  
Aleksas Narščius
Keyword(s):  
Sound Recording ◽  
Underwater Sound ◽  
Underwater Noise ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Physical Energy ◽  
European Standards ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
The Cost

An underwater noise is the most pervasive type of physical energy that spreads in underwater marine environment. The concerns regarding man-made underwater noise effects on the aquatic animals became prominent within scientific communities. The determination of underwater noise levels became very actual either for environmental monitoring or scientific research purposes. Various tools for acquisition of the underwater sound as well, modelling became available, although some techniques are costly and requires special considerations. One of the examples are the sound recording devices containing hydrophones along with digital sound acquisition systems used for recording of ambient (continuous) underwater sounds. By the date there are already developed the international and European standards for monitoring the long term (yearly) underwater continuous noise levels. However, the techniques known to be able to record the short and mid-term noise levels can serve for the research purposes greatly. In this research the cost efficient autonomous underwater sound recorder was developed, with the purpose to record an ambient underwater noise continuously and autonomously for the periods of up to 15 days, following the already known methods. In this paper we present the steps of the development of the autonomous recorder, its features and capabilities as well, calibration results of the underwater sound recording system.

scholarly journals Penerapan Metode Abc (Activity Based Costing) Dalam Menentukan Harga Jual Kamar Hotel “X” ( Studi Pada Salah Satu Hotel Berbintang Di Surabaya )

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 32-42
Author(s):  
Widiar Onny Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Method ◽  
Hospitality Industry ◽  
Activity Based Costing ◽  
Hotel Room ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Abc Method ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The City

Increasing competition in the hospitality industry, making hotels should increase the advantage in competing. An important part of improving the competitive advantage of hotels is to set, measure and allocate accurately the costs to be efficient. Cost efficient will help managers to make decisions so as to increase the occupancy rate of hotels that ultimately impact on profit. Researchers conducted research on the Hotel "X" located in the city of Surabaya where this hotel is one of the oldest four-star hotel in the city of Surabaya. Determination of the cost as the cost of room rental at Hotel "X" is still using the traditional method of the cost of renting each room on the same "X" Hotel. The purpose of this study is to know the application of Activity Based Costing (ABC) method in the calculation of service fee and the determination of the hotel room rental price "X". The technique of data analysis performed is to analyze the traditional method that is being used by Hotel "X" and compare with ABC method. The results of this study is the calculation of the cost of room rental using ABC method is more accurate when compared with traditional methods. Hotel "X" should consider undercost in the cost of room rental so that the hotel does not suffer long-term losses resulting in earnings.

scholarly journals Measurement of small vessel machinery vibration induced acoustic signature levels

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
GVV Pavan Kumar ◽  
V V S Prasad ◽  
B H Nagesh
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Fluctuations ◽  
Response Spectra ◽  
Underwater Sound ◽  
Underwater Noise ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Small Vessels ◽  
Performance Point ◽  
Engine Room ◽  
Airborne Noise ◽  
Main Engine

Ship vibrations, airborne and underwater noise levels have always been a challenging topic from a performance point of view in ship design, building and operation. The measurement shall help in monitoring the self-noise and the technical state of their machinery mechanism. The vibration levels on the main engine and auxiliary Genset foundation, airborne noise levels of the engine room and underwater self-noise levels of a small mechanized fishing trawler was measured at the jetty in idling condition.  The vibration levels on the foundation measured the average value of 0.207 mm/s for the main engine and 1.36 mm/s for auxiliary Genset. The airborne noise levels measured 99 dB (A) in the engine room. The peak underwater sound pressure levels measured 162 dB re 1µPa. The response spectra indicate the peak vibration and noise levels in the lower frequency region <1.2 kHz. The machinery excitation forces transferred to the hull surface as pressure fluctuations which generated the airborne and underwater noise levels. Though the measurement limited to jetty conditions, detailed analysis can be useful for detection, classification, and tracking of small vessels.

Detection of long term trends in underwater noise levels

2016 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 3024-3024
Author(s):  
Claire F. Powell ◽  
Nathan D. Merchant
Keyword(s):  
Underwater Noise ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Long Term Trends

A decision support method for internal truck employment

2014 ◽  
Vol 114 (9) ◽  
pp. 1378-1395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z.X. Wang ◽  
Felix T.S. Chan ◽  
S.H. Chung ◽  
Ben Niu
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Empirical Method ◽  
Container Terminals ◽  
Storage Allocation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Truck Scheduling ◽  
Integration Problem ◽  
The Cost

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose a model that determines the strategy of owning and renting trucks in combinations with internal truck scheduling and storage allocation problems in container terminals. Design/methodology/approach – To deal with this complicated problem, a two-level heuristic approach is developed, in which the integration problem is decomposed into two levels. The first level determines the daily operations of the internal trucks, while the second level determines the truck employment strategy based on the calculation in the first level. Findings – The results show that: even if the using cost of owned yard trucks is much lower than the cost of rented yard tucks, terminal companies should not purchase too many trucks when the purchasing price is high. In addition, the empirical truck employment strategies, which are purchasing all the trucks or renting all the trucks, are not cost-effective when compared with the proposed yard truck employment strategy. Originality/value – The paper provides a novel insight for the internal truck employment strategy in container terminals which is the determination of the strategy of employing renting and outsourcing yard trucks to meet operational daily transportation requirements and minimize the long-term cost of employing yard trucks. A mathematical model is proposed to deal with the practical problem. Also, this study presents better solution than empirical method for employing different types of yard truck. Thus, in order to obtain more benefit, terminal companies should employ the proposed yard truck employment strategy.

scholarly journals Development of a High-Throughput Microfluidic qPCR System for the Quantitative Determination of Quality-Relevant Bacteria in Cheese

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Dreier ◽  
Hélène Berthoud ◽  
Noam Shani ◽  
Daniel Wechsler ◽  
Pilar Junier
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Fermented Foods ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Opening Up ◽  
Mock Communities

The composition of the cheese microbiome has an important impact on the sensorial quality and safety of cheese. Therefore, much effort has been made to investigate the microbial community composition of cheese. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) is a well-established method for detecting and quantifying bacteria. High-throughput qPCR (HT-qPCR) using microfluidics brings further advantages by providing fast results and by decreasing the cost per sample. We have developed a HT-qPCR approach for the rapid and cost-efficient quantification of microbial species in cheese by designing qPCR assays targeting 24 species/subspecies commonly found in cheese. Primer pairs were evaluated on the Biomark (Fluidigm) microfluidic HT-qPCR system using DNA from single strains and from artificial mock communities. The qPCR assays worked efficiently under identical PCR conditions, and the validation showed satisfying inclusivity, exclusivity, and amplification efficiencies. Preliminary results obtained from the HT-qPCR analysis of DNA samples of model cheeses made with the addition of adjunct cultures confirmed the potential of the microfluidic HT-qPCR system to screen for selected bacterial species in the cheese microbiome. HT-qPCR data of DNA samples of two downgraded commercial cheeses showed that this approach provides valuable information that can help to identify the microbial origin of quality defects. This newly developed HT-qPCR system is a promising approach that will allow simultaneous monitoring of quality-relevant species in fermented foods with high bacterial diversity, thereby opening up new perspectives for the control and assurance of high product quality.

scholarly journals Explosives Use In Decommissioning – Guide for Assessment of Risk (Edgar): I Determination of Sound Pressure Levels for Open Water Blasts and Severance of Conductors and Piles from below the Seabed

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison M. Brand
Keyword(s):  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Total Error ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Noise Model ◽  
Underwater Sound ◽  
Underwater Noise ◽  
The Us ◽  
Sound Pressure Levels

A simple underwater noise model suitable for use with explosives in the decommissioning of oil and gas subsea structures is introduced and evaluated against data from five projects in the US. The performance of the model is compared to four existing models for open water blasts, and for the severance of well conductors and piles. Simulated received underwater sound pressure levels were significantly correlated with measurements for all scenarios. The maximum total error achieved between simulations and measurements was 3.5%, suggesting that predictions are accurate to within 4% of the average measurement. A low relative bias was observed in the simulations when compared to measured values, suggesting only a small systematic underestimate (&le; 1% of average measurement) for most severance operations and a small overestimate (1.34%) for open water blasts.

scholarly journals Understanding the direct and indirect costs of patients with schizophrenia

F1000Research ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro Tajima-Pozo ◽  
María Jesús de Castro Oller ◽  
Adrian Lewczuk ◽  
Francisco Montañes-Rada
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Direct Costs ◽  
European Countries ◽  
The People ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
The Cost

Background: Schizophrenia is a disabling mental disorder with high prevalence and that usually  requires long-term follow-up and expensive lifelong treatment. The cost of schizophrenia treatment consumes a significant amount of the health services' budget in western countries.Objective: The aim of the study was to find out about the costs related to schizophrenia across different european countries and compare them.Results: Schizophrenia treatment costs an estimated 18 billion euros annually worldwide. The direct costs associated with medical help are only part of the total expenditure. The indirect costs are an equally (or even more)important part of the total cost. These expenses are related to the lack of productivity of schizophrenic patients and the cost that relatives have to bear as a result of taking care of their affected relatives.Conclusions: Although data on the cost of schizophrenia may vary slightly between different european countries, the general conclusion that can be drawn is that schizophrenia is a very costly disorder. Not only because of direct costs related to medical procedures, but also due to the non-medical (indirect) costs. Together this suggests the need to investigate cost-efficient strategies that could provide a better outcome for schizophrenic patients, as well as the people who care for them.

scholarly journals Perhitungan harga pokok produksi berdasarkan metode Full Costing untuk penetapan harag jual produk pada CV. Silvi MN Paradilla Parengan

Owner ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 632-647
Author(s):  
Laras Sukma Arum Melati ◽  
Guntur Saputra ◽  
Faridatun Najiyah ◽  
Fitria Asas
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Basic Product ◽  
Cost Of Production ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
The Cost

The problem that becomes the background of this research is in determining the selling price of a basic product that is used is the calculation of the cost of production, which is a way to take into account the determination of cost elements into the cost of the product and the selling price that is set must be able to determine all costs that produce long term profit. Based on the determination of the correct product cost of a product, it will be able to reduce uncertainty in determining the selling price. The purpose of this study is to find out how to calculate the cost of production based on the full costing method for determining the selling price of the product. In determining the selling price of the product, the selling price method is used based on cost-plus pricing. Cost plus pricing is the determination of the price by adding a certain amount (percentage) of the selling price or cost as profit. The method used in this study is quantitative descriptive analysis method, the results of this study indicate that there are advantages in calculating the cost of goods manufactured based on the Full Costing method and to be able to determine the cost of goods sold, the production costs must be calculated at the beginning of each month based on the previous period's sales report.

scholarly journals The Importance of the Admissibility of Evidence in Lithuanian Civil Procedure

Teisė ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 119 ◽  
pp. 105-117
Author(s):  
Jurgis Bartkus
Keyword(s):  
Civil Procedure ◽  
Efficient Process ◽  
Civil Proceedings ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Evaluation Of Evidence ◽  
The Cost

The article analyses the importance of the admissibility of evidence in Lithuanian civil proceedings. The analysis of various sources of law allows to link the admissibility of evidence in civil proceedings not only with one of the features of evidence, but also with the objectives of this institute in civil proceedings: ensuring the quality of proof, the cost-efficient process, a fair and just trial, and other values.The reduction of the importance of the admissibility of evidence is essentially influenced by aspects related to the whole evidentiary process – the principle of free evaluation of evidence, the purpose of determination of material truth, and procedural norms establishing the judge as the final assessor of admissibility of evidence and facts. The objectives of the admissibility of evidence in civil proceedings make it necessary to find possible solutions that ensure a more appropriate relationship between the admissibility of evidence and the reasons of its importance.

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