scholarly journals Climate Change – Analysis of Indicators

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Muszyński ◽  
Katarzyna Kocur-Bera
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Change Analysis ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Climate Change Analysis ◽  
The Earth

Progressing climate change poses a major threat to the Earth. According to a UN report, reducing global warming to below 1.5 °C offers hope for maintaining the current quality of human lives and for protecting the environment. The report also points out that there is a prescription for curbing the catastrophic effects of climate change. In order to achieve the aim of stopping the increase in temperature, both adequate knowledge of the hazard and measures based on proven technologies are required. The first step that will enable the commencement of activities is to identify the hazard characteristics and their effect on the environment. In this regard, various types of indicators that cover the local, regional and global scale in various aspects, both environmental and anthropogenic, are very helpful. The main purpose of the analysis is to examine indicators/indices that synthetically express/define various aspects which reflect climate change. The study applied the method of research of the available literature. The analysis showed that the economies of countries use indicators that describe the different scale of impact and a different objective and subjective range. This is mainly determined by the needs and accessibility of data.

scholarly journals PEMANASAN GLOBAL, EKSPLOITASI SUMBERDAYA PERIKANAN, DAN PENCEMARAN PESISIR SEBAGAI PENYEBAB UTAMA PERUBAHAN EKOLOGI LAUT DI INDONESIA

OSEANA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Hadiyanto .
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Marine Ecology ◽  
Coastal Pollution ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Ecological Changes ◽  
Co Emission

GLOBAL WARMING, OVERFISHING, AND COASTAL POLLUTION AS MAJOR CAUSES OF MARINE ECOLOGICAL CHANGES IN INDONESIA. Changes in marine ecology are normal, because the earth is dynamic, and are getting worse and faster since human are involved in their processes, indicating the Anthropocene Era begins. Consequently, three parameters to measure the quality of the earth for living, i.e. climate changes, rate of biodiversity loss, and nitrogen cycles, have been over the maximum thresholds. In general, changes in marine ecology are caused by phenomena that are occuring in global scale (e.g. increasing of CO emission, global warming, and ocean acidification), regional scale (e.g. overfishing, and changes in oceagraphical processes, rain and storm), and local scale (e.g. eutrophication, sedimentation, pollution, biological invasions, herbivory, and diseases). Result of reviews shows that major causes of changes in marine ecology in Indonesia may be global warming, overfishing, and coastal pollution. As a result, species richness, abundance, distribution, and community structure of marine ecosystems in Indonesia change significantly.

The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and the Scientific “Consensus” on Global Warming

1996 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick J. Michaels ◽  
Paul C. Knappenberger
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Sulfate Aerosols ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Consensus Process ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Extreme Scenario

Climate data support the “moderate” prediction of climate change (l-1.5°C) rather than the more extreme scenario (4°C or more). The moderate point of view was originally marginalized in the IPCC “consensus” process in both the 1990 First Assessment on Climate Change and in the 1992 Update prepared specifically for the Earth Summit and to provide backing for the Rio Framework Convention on Climate Change. It is now accepted, based on ground-based data, that the errors in those models are currently between 160% and 360%. If one compares them to the satellite data combined with the land record, the error rises to a maximum of 720%. In some recognition of this massive error, the 1995 IPCC “consensus” is that warming has been mitigated by sulfate aerosols. However, when that hypothesis is specifically tested, it fails. Further, data required to test the validity of the sulfate enhanced greenhouse models was withheld by the IPCC. despite repeated requests.

scholarly journals Global Deliberative Democracy and Climate Change: Insights from World Wide Views on Global Warming in Australia

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Riedy ◽  
Jade Herriman
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Climate Change Policy ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Climate Change Response ◽  
Deliberative System ◽  
The World ◽  
Change Response

On 26 September 2009, approximately 4,000 citizens in 38 countries participated in World Wide Views on Global Warming (WWViews). WWViews was an ambitious first attempt to convene a deliberative mini-public at a global scale, giving people from around the world an opportunity to deliberate on international climate policy and to make recommendations to the decision-makers meeting at the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen (COP-15) in December 2009. In this paper, we examine the role that deliberative mini-publics can play in facilitating the emergence of a global deliberative system for climate change response. We pursue this intent through a reflective evaluation of the Australian component of the World Wide Views on Global Warming project (WWViews). Our evaluation of WWViews is mixed. The Australian event was delivered with integrity and feedback from Australian participants was almost universally positive. Globally, WWViews demonstrated that it is feasible to convene a global mini-public to deliberate on issues of global relevance, such as climate change. On the other hand, the contribution of WWViews towards the emergence of a global deliberative system for climate change response was limited and it achieved little influence on global climate change policy. We identify lessons for future global mini-publics, including the need to prioritise the quality of deliberation and provide flexibility to respond to cultural and political contexts in different parts of the world. Future global mini-publics may be more influential if they seek to represent discourse diversity in addition to demographic profiles, use designs that maximise the potential for transmission from public to empowered space, run over longer time periods to build momentum for change and experiment with ways of bringing global citizens together in a single process instead of discrete national events.

scholarly journals Sensitivity of Greenland ice sheet simulation to the numerical procedure employed for ice-sheet dynamics

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 331-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuyuki Saito ◽  
Ayako Abe-Ouchi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Numerical Procedure ◽  
Greenland Ice Sheet ◽  
Feedback Mechanism ◽  
Need For Care ◽  
Change Analysis ◽  
Climate Change Analysis ◽  
Ice Sheet Dynamics ◽  
Numerical Approaches

AbstractThe response of the Greenland ice sheet to global warming is simulated by two different numerical approaches, in order to evaluate the sensitivity of the analysis to the numerical structure employed. It is found that the thickness near the margin differs appreciably in these two simulations under identical conditions of modest warming, primarily due to a significant increase in the warming effect by an elevation–ablation feedback mechanism in one of the simulations. The change in ice-sheet volume differs by as much as a factor of two under strong climate-change forcing, demonstrating the need for care in interpreting the results of such climate-change analysis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document