scholarly journals Intermittent fasting modulation of the diabetic syndrome in sand rats. II. In vivo investigations

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malaisse
Keyword(s):  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Diabetic Syndrome

scholarly journals Glucose Limitation Sensitizes Cancer Cells to Selenite-Induced Cytotoxicity via SLC7A11-Mediated Redox Collapse

Cancers ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 345
Author(s):  
Hui Chen ◽  
Han Zhang ◽  
Lixing Cao ◽  
Jinling Cui ◽  
Xuan Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Therapeutic Window ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Glucose Limitation ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Xenograft Models

Combination of intermittent fasting and chemotherapy has been drawn an increasing attention because of the encouraging efficacy. In this study, we evaluated the anti-cancer effect of combination of glucose limitation and selenite (Se), a representative inorganic form of selenium, that is preferentially accumulated in tumors. Results showed that cytotoxic effect of selenite on cancer cells, but not on normal cells, was significantly enhanced in response to the combination of selenite and glucose limitation. Furthermore, in vivo therapeutic efficacy of combining selenite with fasting was dramatically improved in xenograft models of lung and colon cancer. Mechanistically, we found that SLC7A11 expression in cancer cells was up-regulated by selenite both in vitro and in vivo. The elevated SLC7A11 led to cystine accumulation, NADPH depletion and the conversion of cystine to cysteine inhibition, which in turn boosted selenite-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS), followed by enhancement of selenite-mediated cytotoxic effect. The findings of the present study provide an effective and practical approach for increasing the therapeutic window of selenite and imply that combination of selenite and fasting holds promising potential to be developed a clinically useful regimen for treating certain types of cancer.

scholarly journals Intermittent Fasting Modulation of the Diabetic Syndrome in Streptozotocin-Injected Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louiza Belkacemi ◽  
Ghalem Selselet-Attou ◽  
Emeline Hupkens ◽  
Evrard Nguidjoe ◽  
Karim Louchami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Subjects ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Free Food ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Assessment Index ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Overnight Fasting ◽  
Diabetic Syndrome

This study investigates the effects of intermittent overnight fasting in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (STZ rats). Over 30 days, groups of 5-6 control or STZ rats were allowed free food access, starved overnight, or exposed to a restricted food supply comparable to that ingested by the intermittently fasting animals. Intermittent fasting improved glucose tolerance, increased plasma insulin, and lowered Homeostatis Model Assessment index. Caloric restriction failed to cause such beneficial effects. Theβ-cell mass, as well as individualβ-cell and islet area, was higher in intermittently fasting than in nonfasting STZ rats, whilst the percentage of apoptoticβ-cells appeared lower in the former than latter STZ rats. In the calorie-restricted STZ rats, comparable findings were restricted to individual islet area and percentage of apoptotic cells. Hence, it is proposed that intermittent fasting could represent a possible approach to prevent or minimize disturbances of glucose homeostasis in human subjects.

scholarly journals Bone microstructure and metabolism changes under the combined intervention of ketogenic diet with intermittent fasting: an in vivo study of rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolin Xu ◽  
Jianyang Ding ◽  
Xiuhua Wu ◽  
Zucheng Huang ◽  
Ganggang Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ketogenic Diet ◽  
Bone Microstructure ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Combined Intervention

scholarly journals Sex-specific regulation of metabolic health and vertebrate lifespan by AMP biosynthesis

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwendoline Astre ◽  
Tehila Atlan ◽  
Uri Goshtchevsky ◽  
Kobi Shapira ◽  
Adi Oron-Gottesman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Genetic Regulation ◽  
Metabolic Health ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Atp Production ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Mitochondrial Functions ◽  
Specific Regulation

The loss of energy homeostasis seen during aging, is causally linked to multiple age-related pathologies. The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) directly senses cellular energy levels, which are reflected in the ratio between AMP:ATP. However, the genetic regulation of vertebrate aging by the AMPK pathway remains poorly understood. Here, we manipulate ATP production by mutating APRT, a key enzyme in AMP biosynthesis, and extend vertebrate lifespan in a male-specific manner. Using a multi-omics approach, we demonstrate that the APRT mutation restores metabolic plasticity, and identify a distinct transcriptional signature linking mitochondria with the sex-related differences in longevity. Accordingly, APRT mutant cells display a reduction in mitochondrial functions and ATP levels, and an increase in AMPK activity, resembling a persistent state of energy starvation. In-vivo, a fasting-like response was observed exclusively in male mutants, including resistance to a high-fat diet. Finally, intermittent fasting eliminated the longevity benefits mediated by the APRT mutation in males. Together, these data identify AMP biosynthesis as a sex-specific mediator of vertebrate longevity and metabolic health.

scholarly journals Intermittent Fasting Enhances Hippocampal Npy Expression to Promote Neurogenesis Following Traumatic Brain Injury

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuqiang Cao ◽  
Manrui Li ◽  
Yuwen Sun ◽  
Wenjie Yang ◽  
Hao Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Subgranular Zone ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Post Traumatic

AbstractInterventions for preventing cognitive dysfunction post traumatic brain injury (TBI) is limited. Given that adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) after brain injury contributes to cognitive recovery, and that the AHN is potentially affected by nutritional factors, we asked whether fasting could promote AHN and thus ameliorates cognitive defects after TBI. Here we show that a one-month intermittent fasting (IF) regimen enhanced proliferation of neural stem cells (NSCs) in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of hippocampus 3 days post TBI, as well as improved cognitive performance in Morris water maze (MWM) test. Furthermore, an increase in hippocampal Npy expression was detected in IF group after injury, compared to the mice fed ad libitum (AL), and locally knock-down of Npy in vivo attenuated the aforementioned effects of IF in TBI. These findings suggest that IF promotes AHN following TBI by a mechanism involving enhancement of Npy expression, which may offer novel interventions that might prevent cognitive dysfunction caused by injury.

Fine Structural Changes in the Microvasculature of the Mouse Pinna: Aging and Radiation Injury

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 54-55
Author(s):  
S. Phyllis Steamer ◽  
Rosemarie L. Devine
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Radiation Treatment ◽  
Arterial Stenosis ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Vascular Effects ◽  
Microvascular Changes ◽  
Surrounding Connective Tissue ◽  
Fission Neutrons ◽  
Total Body

The importance of radiation damage to the skin and its vasculature was recognized by the early radiologists. In more recent studies, vascular effects were shown to involve the endothelium as well as the surrounding connective tissue. Microvascular changes in the mouse pinna were studied in vivo and recorded photographically over a period of 12-18 months. Radiation treatment at 110 days of age was total body exposure to either 240 rad fission neutrons or 855 rad 60Co gamma rays. After in vivo observations in control and irradiated mice, animals were sacrificed for examination of changes in vascular fine structure. Vessels were selected from regions of specific interest that had been identified on photomicrographs. Prominent ultrastructural changes can be attributed to aging as well as to radiation treatment. Of principal concern were determinations of ultrastructural changes associated with venous dilatations, segmental arterial stenosis and tortuosities of both veins and arteries, effects that had been identified on the basis of light microscopic observations. Tortuosities and irregularly dilated vein segments were related to both aging and radiation changes but arterial stenosis was observed only in irradiated animals.

Induction and Differentiation of Dental Epithelium in Vivo and in Vitro

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 142-145
Author(s):  
E. J. Kollar
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Basal Lamina ◽  
Functional Derivatives ◽  
Specific Source ◽  
Dental Epithelium ◽  
Connective Tissue Stroma

The differentiation and maintenance of many specialized epithelial structures are dependent on the underlying connective tissue stroma and on an intact basal lamina. These requirements are especially stringent in the development and maintenance of the skin and oral mucosa. The keratinization patterns of thin or thick cornified layers as well as the appearance of specialized functional derivatives such as hair and teeth can be correlated with the specific source of stroma which supports these differentiated expressions.

Ultrastructural Correlations between Clonal Human Tumor Colonies and in Vivo Neoplasms

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 210-211
Author(s):  
M.J. Murphy ◽  
R.R. Price ◽  
J.C. Sloman
Keyword(s):  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Human Tumor ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Tumor Mass ◽  
Initial Cell ◽  
Cloning Assay ◽  
Human Tumor Cloning ◽  
The Relationship

The in vitro human tumor cloning assay originally described by Salmon and Hamburger has been applied recently to the investigation of differential anti-tumor drug sensitivities over a broad range of human neoplasms. A major problem in the acceptance of this technique has been the question of the relationship between the cultured cells and the original patient tumor, i.e., whether the colonies that develop derive from the neoplasm or from some other cell type within the initial cell population. A study of the ultrastructural morphology of the cultured cells vs. patient tumor has therefore been undertaken to resolve this question. Direct correlation was assured by division of a common tumor mass at surgical resection, one biopsy being fixed for TEM studies, the second being rapidly transported to the laboratory for culture.

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