scholarly journals Revealing the active microbiome connected with the rhizosphere soil of maize plants in Ventersdorp, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olubukola Babalola ◽  
Rebaona Molefe ◽  
Adenike Amoo
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Agricultural Sustainability ◽  
Shotgun Metagenomics ◽  
Maize Rhizosphere ◽  
Structural Composition ◽  
Functional Capabilities ◽  
Maize Plants

We conducted shotgun metagenomics sequencing of the maize rhizosphere and bulk soils in Ventersdorp, South Africa. Information on the structural composition and functional capabilities of microbial communities in the maize rhizosphere are provided by the data. Characterising the functional potentials of rhizosphere microbiomes gives an opportunity to link the microbiome to plant growth and health and provides the possibility of discovering new plant-beneficial genes that could enhance agricultural sustainability.

scholarly journals Metagenomes of Maize Rhizosphere Samples after Different Fertilization Treatments at Molelwane Farm, Located in North-West Province, South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (43) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olubukola Oluranti Babalola ◽  
Matthew Chekwube Enebe
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
North West ◽  
Maize Rhizosphere ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Organic And Inorganic Fertilizers

ABSTRACT The need for sustainable agriculture is a global issue that requires urgent attention, particularly in the areas of soil fertility enhancement and management. In this study, the effects of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the rhizosphere microbial communities of maize plants were evaluated.

scholarly journals Streptomyces spp. from rhizosphere soil of maize with potential as plant growth promoter

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aris Tri Wahyudi ◽  
J.A. Priyanto ◽  
HANIFA NUR Fijrina ◽  
HIMA DEWI Mariastuti ◽  
ABDJAD ASIH Nawangsih
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Maize Rhizosphere ◽  
Plant Growth Promoter ◽  
Streptomyces Spp ◽  
Sprout Growth

Abstract. Wahyudi AT, Priyanto JA, Fijrina HN, Mariastuti HD, Nawangsih AA. 2019. Streptomyces spp. from rhizosphere soil of maize with potential as plant growth promoter. Biodiversitas 20: 2547-2553. Actinomycete is one group of rhizobacteria that plays an important role as a plant growth promoter. This study was aimed to evaluate the potential of Actinomycetes isolated from maize rhizosphere in promoting plant growth in vitro including their ability to produce IAA, promote maize sprout growth, solubilize phosphate, and grow in N-free medium. Thirty isolates have been isolated from maize rhizosphere using a spread plate method. All 30 isolates were probably not pathogenic to plants as tested by hypersensitivity reaction test on tobacco leaves. Based on the colorimetric assay, 30 isolates (100%) were able to produce IAA with concentrations ranging from 1.05 to 26.89 ppm. The highest concentration of IAA (26.89 ppm) produced by ARJ 21 and the lowest IAA concentration (1.05 ppm) produced by ARJ 12. By using the Ragdoll method, it showed that 9 isolates (30%) were able to promote maize sprout growth significantly on five growth parameters including primary root length, stem length, number of lateral roots, wet weight and dry weight. Twenty-one isolates (70%) were capable of solubilizing phosphate in Pikovskaya medium containing tricalcium phosphate. Also, 30 isolates (100%) were able to grow on N-free medium, suggesting their ability to fix nitrogen. Based on 16S-rRNA, five potential isolates with plant growth-promoting properties were highly similar to Streptomyces spp. Based on their potential characters, these Actinomycetes isolates have the potential to be further developed as a biofertilizer agent for sustainable maize farming.

scholarly journals Activation of the SA-Associated Plant Defense Pathway Alters the Composition of Soil Bacterial Communities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Peter G.L. Klinkhamer ◽  
Klaas Vrieling ◽  
T. Martijn Bezemer
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Core Microbiome ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Soil Bacterial ◽  
Sa Signaling

Abstract Background and aimsMany plant species grow better in sterilized than in live soil. Foliar application of SA mitigates this negative effect of live soil on the growth of the plant Jacobaea vulgaris. To examine what causes the positive effect of SA application on plant growth in live soils, we analyzed the effects of SA application on the composition of active rhizosphere bacteria in the live soil. Methods We studied this over four consecutive plant cycles (generations), using mRNA sequencing of the microbial communities in the rhizosphere of J. vulgaris. ResultsOur study shows that the composition of the rhizosphere bacterial communities of J. vulgaris greatly differed among generations. Application of SA resulted in both increases and decreases in a number of active bacterial genera in the rhizosphere soil, but the genera that were affected by the treatment differed among generations. In the first generation, there were no genera that were significantly affected by the SA treatment, indicating that induction of the SA defense pathway in plants does not lead to immediate changes in the soil microbial community. 89 species out of the total 270 (32.4%) were present in all generations in all soils of SA-treated and control plants suggesting that these make up the “core” microbiome. On average in each generation, 72.9% of all genera were present in both soils. Application of SA to plants significantly up-regulated genera of Caballeronia, unclassified Cytophagaceae, Crinalium and Candidatus Thermofonsia Clade 2, and down-regulated genera of Thermomicrobiales, unclassified Rhodobacterales, Paracoccus and Flavihumibacter. While the functions of many of these bacteria are poorly understood, bacteria of the genus Caballeronia play an important role in fixing nitrogen and promoting plant growth, and hence this suggests that activation of the SA signaling pathway in J. vulgaris plants may select for bacterial genera that are beneficial to the plant. ConclusionsOverall, our study shows that aboveground activation of defenses in the plant affects soil microbial communities and, as soil microbes can greatly influence plant performance, this implies that induction of plant defenses can lead to complex above-belowground feedbacks. Further studies should examine how activation of the SA signaling pathway in the plant changes the functional genes of the rhizosphere soil bacterial community.

scholarly journals Metagenomic Analyses of Plant Growth-Promoting and Carbon-Cycling Genes in Maize Rhizosphere Soils with Distinct Land-Use and Management Histories

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1431
Author(s):  
Chinenyenwa Chukwuneme ◽  
Ayansina Ayangbenro ◽  
Olubukola Babalola
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Carbon Cycling ◽  
Shotgun Metagenomics ◽  
Maize Rhizosphere ◽  
Rhizosphere Soils ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Microbial Genes ◽  
Land Use And Management

Many studies have shown that the maize rhizosphere comprises several plant growth-promoting microbes, but there is little or no study on the effects of land-use and management histories on microbial functional gene diversity in the maize rhizosphere soils in Africa. Analyzing microbial genes in the rhizosphere of plants, especially those associated with plant growth promotion and carbon cycling, is important for improving soil fertility and crop productivity. Here, we provide a comparative analysis of microbial genes present in the rhizosphere samples of two maize fields with different agricultural histories using shotgun metagenomics. Genes involved in the nutrient mobilization, including nifA, fixJ, norB, pstA, kefA and B, and ktrB were significantly more abundant (α = 0.05) in former grassland (F1) rhizosphere soils. Among the carbon-cycling genes, the abundance of 12 genes, including all those involved in the degradation of methane were more significant (α = 0.05) in the F1 soils, whereas only five genes were significantly more abundant in the F2 soils. α-diversity indices were different across the samples and significant differences were observed in the β diversity of plant growth-promoting and carbon-cycling genes between the fields (ANOSIM, p = 0.01 and R = 0.52). Nitrate-nitrogen (N-NO3) was the most influential physicochemical parameter (p = 0.05 and contribution = 31.3%) that affected the distribution of the functional genes across the samples. The results indicate that land-use and management histories impact the composition and diversity of plant growth-promoting and carbon-cycling genes in the plant rhizosphere. The study widens our understanding of the effects of anthropogenic activities on plant health and major biogeochemical processes in soils.

scholarly journals The Immense Functional Attributes of Maize Rhizosphere Microbiome: A Shotgun Sequencing Approach

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Saheed Akinola ◽  
Ayansina Ayangbenro ◽  
Olubukola Babalola
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Maize Rhizosphere ◽  
Rhizosphere Microbiome ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Semi Arid

The northwest (NW) province of South Africa is a semi-arid area, often disturbed by soil extremes such as drought and intense temperature. However, many functions possessed by the rhizosphere microbiome are still required, especially those inhabiting arid and semi-arid soils. This study involves a metagenomic comparison of the major metabolic attributes of two maize rhizosphere soils and their surrounding soils. Here, we hypothesized that there is a considerable difference between the functional diversity of maize rhizosphere and bulk soils and that the rhizosphere soil has distinct functional traits of agricultural importance. A high-throughput sequencing approach was used to assess the metabolic profile of rhizosphere soil microbiota of maize collected from the Gauteng and NW provinces of South Africa. The relative abundance of 13 functional hit categories was significantly different between the sampling sites. The diversity indices showed a considerable difference between the rhizosphere and surrounding soils. The difference in the chemical properties of the sampling sites was responsible for the variation in the microbial functional composition. Nevertheless, the presence of a high relative abundance of functional categories with unknown functions in SEED subsystem-2 coupled with the large number of functional hits conferring a response to soil stressors viz. oxidative stress, heat shock, osmotic stress, and cold shock noticed in the rhizosphere samples may indicate the presence of novel genes at the sampling sites. Exploring the plant growth-promoting traits of microorganisms present at these sites could eliminate the constraint posed by soil stressors on sustainable agriculture.

scholarly journals The structure and function of the rhizosphere microbial communities of Carex praeclara and Leymus secalinus in a Zoige alpine grassland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
TingKun Jian ◽  
Yue Xia ◽  
Ruipeng He ◽  
Jie zhang
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Vegetation Coverage ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Alpine Sandy Land ◽  
And Function

Rhizosphere microorganisms are thought to play a crucial role in the promotion of plant growth and health. Carex praeclara and Leymus secalinus are dominant plant species that have colonized the desertification land of Alpine wetland grasslands in Zoige. There is a lack of comprehensive research on their rhizosphere microbes. In this study, we used deep shotgun metagenomic sequencing to analyze the microbial community and functional composition of the rhizosphere and corresponding non-rhizosphere soils of C. praeclara and L. secalinus. The microbial diversity and structure exhibited a remarkable difference among the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere samples, and the predominant taxa included Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria and Chloroflexi in all the samples. Genes that were over-represented include those involved in the acquisition of nutrients, stress responses, transposable elements and plant growth promotion suggest that the interactions between microbe-plant and microbe-microbe are more intense in the rhizosphere soil. The relative abundances of pivotal genes that participate in microbial nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) transformation were higher in the rhizosphere soil than in the non-rhizosphere soil, indicating the enhancement of potential soil N- and P-cycling in the plant rhizosphere. Our findings provide valuable information on the structure and function of the microbial communities of the C. praeclara and L. secalinus rhizospheres and lay a foundation for the further use of C. praeclara and L. secalinus to increase vegetation coverage, improve soil properties and restore the ecological function of degraded alpine sandy land.

scholarly journals Metagenome Assembly and Metagenome-Assembled Genome Sequences from the Rhizosphere of Maize Plants in Mafikeng, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olubukola O. Babalola ◽  
Rebaona R. Molefe ◽  
Adenike E. Amoo
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Rhizosphere Microbiome ◽  
Metagenome Assembly ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Growth Promoting

ABSTRACT The rhizosphere microbiome plays an essential role in enhancing the growth of plants, raising the need for comprehension of their metabolic abilities. Here, we investigated rhizospheric and bulk soils of maize plants in Mafikeng, South Africa. Metagenome-assembled genomes containing plant growth-promoting genes were reconstructed.

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