scholarly journals Rapid chromosomal evolution in enigmatic mammal with XX in both sexes, the Alay mole vole Ellobius alaicus Vorontsov et al., 1969 (Mammalia, Rodentia)

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Bakloushinskaya ◽  
Elena A. Lyapunova ◽  
Abdusattor S. Saidov ◽  
Svetlana A. Romanenko ◽  
Patricia C.M. O’Brien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Sudden Change ◽  
Chromosomal Evolution ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
Subterranean Rodent ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Karyotypic Variability ◽  
Mole Vole ◽  
Karyotype Structure

Evolutionary history and taxonomic position for cryptic species may be clarified by using molecular and cytogenetic methods. The subterranean rodent, the Alay mole vole Ellobiusalaicus Vorontsov et al., 1969 is one of three sibling species constituting the subgenus Ellobius Fischer, 1814, all of which lost the Y chromosome and obtained isomorphic XX sex chromosomes in both males and females. E.alaicus is evaluated by IUCN as a data deficient species because their distribution, biology, and genetics are almost unknown. We revealed specific karyotypic variability (2n = 52–48) in E.alaicus due to different Robertsonian translocations (Rbs). Two variants of hybrids (2n = 53, different Rbs) with E.tancrei Blasius, 1884 were found at the Northern slopes of the Alay Ridge and in the Naryn district, Kyrgyzstan. We described the sudden change in chromosome numbers from 2n = 50 to 48 and specific karyotype structure for mole voles, which inhabit the entrance to the Alay Valley (Tajikistan), and revealed their affiliation as E.alaicus by cytochrome b and fragments of nuclear XIST and Rspo1 genes sequencing. To date, it is possible to expand the range of E.alaicus from the Alay Valley (South Kyrgyzstan) up to the Ferghana Ridge and the Naryn Basin, Tien Shan at the north-east and to the Pamir-Alay Mountains (Tajikistan) at the west. The closeness of E.tancrei and E.alaicus is supported, whereas specific chromosome and molecular changes, as well as geographic distribution, verified the species status for E.alaicus. The case of Ellobius species accented an unevenness in rates of chromosome and nucleotide changes along with morphological similarity, which is emblematic for cryptic species.

Redescription and resurrection of Pachymatisma normani (Demospongiae: Geodiidae), with remarks on the genus Pachymatisma

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 1511-1525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paco Cárdenas ◽  
Joana Xavier ◽  
Ole Secher Tendal ◽  
Christoffer Schander ◽  
Hans Tore Rapp
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Cytochrome C Oxidase ◽  
East Atlantic ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Wide Geographical Distribution ◽  
Fresh Material ◽  
Nuclear Fragment ◽  
Northern Species

An increasing number of cryptic species are being discovered within sponges with assumed wide geographical distribution. Pachymatisma johnstonia (Bowerbank in Johnston, 1842) (Astrophorida: Geodiidae) is one of the most common and known sponges throughout the north-east Atlantic coasts. Pachymatisma normani Sollas, 1888 is a northern species previously synonymized with P. johnstonia by Topsent. It is here redescribed on the basis of fresh material from the type locality, the Korsfjord in the Bergen area (Norway). Spicules are shown to be reliable characters to distinguish the species investigated. Pachymatisma normani is characterized by larger spicules, most markedly in the sterrasters. Our observations also suggest that habitat and gross morphology distinguish P. johnstonia from P. normani. Furthermore, using a partial sequence of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and an ITS1-5.8-ITS2 nuclear fragment, we show that consistent genetic differences exist between the two species. A brief overview of the genus and a key to the known species are also given.

scholarly journals A mega-cryptic species complex hidden among one of the most common annelids in the North East Atlantic

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. e0198356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Nygren ◽  
Julio Parapar ◽  
Joan Pons ◽  
Karin Meißner ◽  
Torkild Bakken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
East Atlantic ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Cryptic Species Complex

Species delimitation integrative approach reveals three new species in the Nemertopsis bivittata complex

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecili B. Mendes ◽  
Jon L. Norenburg ◽  
Sónia C. S. Andrade
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Genomic Markers ◽  
Three New Species

The presence of cryptic species is fairly frequent in many invertebrate groups and even more so among invertebrates with simple morphology, such as nemerteans. Consequently, the use of molecular methods for species delimitation has become a needed tool to complement morphological analyses to better recognise such species. Nemertopsis bivittata is one example of species with subtle morphological variation, but ample geographic distribution, being a good candidate for a species complex study. Here we applied two mitochondrial genes, and 2903 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variants in addition to morphological characters to investigate the presence of cryptic species among specimens previously identified as N. bivittata along the Brazilian Coast. To do so, specimens were collected at 15 different sites in the north-east, south-east and southern regions. Three new species of Nemertopsis are described based on morphological and molecular analyses: Nemertopsis caete sp. nov., Nemertopsis pamelaroeae sp. nov. and Nemertopsis berthalutzae sp. nov. The species N. pamelaroeae and N. berthalutzae present broad distributions from north-east to south-east; N. caete, however, is restricted to the north-east coast. This is the first study to use this combined approach in nemerteans and shows the advantages of integrating genomic markers with classical taxonomy, and applying objective approaches to delimiting species as independently evolving entities.

Polyphyly and cryptic diversity in the hydrozoan families Lafoeidae and Hebellidae (Cnidaria:Hydrozoa)

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos J. Moura ◽  
Marina R. Cunha ◽  
Filipe M. Porteiro ◽  
Alex D. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Cryptic Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Relations ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Deep Waters

The taxonomy of the putative superfamily Lafoeoidea (Hydrozoa), which includes the families Hebellidae and Lafoeidae, has been widely disputed at all systematic levels, mainly because these are morphologically simple and plastic animals. We used the molecular marker 16S mRNA to address phylogenetic relations of ‘Lafoeoidea’ hydroids mainly from shallow and deep waters of the north-east Atlantic and west Mediterranean. This study proves that the morphological simplicity of the ‘Lafoeoidea’ has led to several erroneous taxonomic assignments. We demonstrate that the superfamily ‘Lafoeoidea’ is not monophyletic and thus not valid; the families Hebellidae and Lafoeidae are polyphyletic. The ‘Lafoeidae’ subfamilies ‘Lafoeinae’ and ‘Zygophylacinae’ were recovered as monophyletic but quite distantly related and should be erected to the level of distinct families. The 16S haplotype data analysed in conjunction with morphological characters and distribution data were useful in differentiating morphologically undistinguishable, nominal and cryptic or pseudo-cryptic species, including undescribed taxa. Particularly within the ‘Lafoeinae’ group, unexpectedly high genetic biodiversity (including cryptic species) was encountered in the possibly not monophyletic genera Lafoea, Acryptolaria and Filellum. Cryptic diversity is also likely associated with the ‘Zygophylacinae’ nominal species Cryptolaria pectinata. The indications of genetic segregation by geographical distance of the ‘Lafoeoidea’ hydroids, particularly verified in deep waters, is probably a consequence of their reduced potential for large-scale dispersal, which likely interacts with the influence of the seabed topography, oceanographic circulation and adaptability to tolerate different abiotic conditions.

Ras al Khaimah: further archaeological discoveries

Antiquity ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 50 (200) ◽  
pp. 216-222
Author(s):  
Beatrice De Cardi
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
The State ◽  
Focused Attention ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

Ras a1 Khaimah is the most northerly of the seven states comprising the United Arab Emirates and its Ruler, H. H. Sheikh Saqr bin Mohammad al-Qasimi, is keenly interested in the history of the state and its people. Survey carried out there jointly with Dr D. B. Doe in 1968 had focused attention on the site of JuIfar which lies just north of the present town of Ras a1 Khaimah (de Cardi, 1971, 230-2). Julfar was in existence in Abbasid times and its importance as an entrep6t during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries-the Portuguese Period-is reflected by the quantity and variety of imported wares to be found among the ruins of the city. Most of the sites discovered during the survey dated from that period but a group of cairns near Ghalilah and some long gabled graves in the Shimal area to the north-east of the date-groves behind Ras a1 Khaimah (map, FIG. I) clearly represented a more distant past.

Lichens in the North-East regions of Cyprus

1999 ◽  
Vol 110 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 455-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Güvenç ◽  
Ş Öztürk
Keyword(s):  
North East ◽  
The North

TBE in Italy

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Tagliapietra ◽  
Flavia Riccardo ◽  
Giovanni Rezza
Keyword(s):  
Case Series ◽  
East Part ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Low Incidence

Italy is considered a low incidence country for tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in Europe. Areas at higher risk for TBE in Italy are geographically clustered in the forested and mountainous regions and provinces in the north east part of the country, as suggested by TBE case series published over the last decade.

TBE in Italy

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Surveillance System ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
National Level ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Low Incidence

Italy is considered a low-incidence country for tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in Europe.1 Areas at higher risk for TBE in Italy are geographically clustered in the forested and mountainous regions and provinces in the north east part of the country, as suggested by TBE case series published over the last decade.2-5 A national enhanced surveillance system for TBE has been established since 2017.6 Before this, information on the occurrence of TBE cases at the national level in Italy was lacking. Both incidence rates and the geographical distribution of the disease were mostly inferred from endemic areas where surveillance was already in place, ad hoc studies and international literature.1

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