scholarly journals Methodology for a local fauna study of ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in the forest-tundra zone of the Polar Urals, Russia

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 114-122
Author(s):  
OD Kovalev ◽  
NA Zubriy ◽  
BYu Filippov
Keyword(s):  
Life Forms ◽  
Ground Beetles ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Tundra Zone ◽  
Local Fauna ◽  
Forest Tundra ◽  
Polar Urals ◽  
Nenets Autonomous ◽  
The Polar Urals

An important step in research planning is the choice of methodology. This is especially important for territories which are difficult to access such as in the Arctic, where successive repetitions of field works require significant resources. The methodology utilizing the local fauna has been used over the past twenty years. It provides comparable data on the structure of fauna and species richness for different territories. The purpose of the present study was to assess the “local fauna method” with respect to fauna studies of ground beetles in the Arctic forest-tundra zone. The research was conducted from June 18 2017 to August 30 2017 within the Polar Urals (10 km from the Harp settlement in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, which is a state of Russia). Carabids were sampled by using pitfall traps on 20 sites. This article will also include the results of our previous research concerning the structure of some local faunas from the forest-tundra zone of Nenets Autonomous Okrug (settlements Nes’, Oma, Khorey-Ver). The results of this study demonstrate the following: 1) the local fauna of the Polar Urals has 85 species of ground beetles from 25 genera, which is 77% of species lists of carabids for a 70-year period of research within the Polar Urals; 2) the local fauna of the Polar Urals has 29% similarity of list species with local faunas from the European part of the Arctic, with similar compositions of zoogeographical groups and life forms; 3) in one research period there was 90% detection of carabids species in the forest-tundra local fauna using the sampling method of pitfall traps within a period of 40 days, conducted at 15 sites, with the predominance of southern types of plant communities (meadows, forests).

The vegetation of the class Scheuchzerio–Caricetea fuscae Tx. 1937 in the Yanganape mountain massif area (Eastern macroslope of the Polar Urals)

2021 ◽  
pp. 113-149
Author(s):  
E. D. Lapshina ◽  
I. V. Filippov ◽  
V. E. Fedosov ◽  
Yu. V. Skuchas ◽  
P. Lamkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
New Associations ◽  
Polar Urals ◽  
Mire Vegetation ◽  
The North ◽  
The Polar Urals

There are very few publications on the classification of mountain mire vegetation in Russia. Several associations in the Southern Siberia mountains (Lapshina, 1996; Lashchinsky, 2009) and the Khibiny Mountains (Koroleva, 2001) are described. Mire vegetation in the Southern Urals is relatively well studied and described in the traditions of the ecological-phytocenotic dominant classification (Ivchenko, 2013; Ivchenko, Znamenskiy, 2015) while the knowledge on that of the Northern and Sub-Polar Urals is extremely limited. There is no information about the mires in the Polar Urals. The paper presents the results of classification of the class Scheuchzerio–Caricetea fuscae of the Yanganape mountain massif (67.68°—67.75° N, 67.72°—68.00° E) and adjacent plains in the Eastern macroslope of the Polar Urals, within the southern tundra subzone. The study area is mountain massif of about 250 m a. s. l., composed of limestone outcrops, with a wavy flat (60–90 m a. s. l.) plain around (Fig. 1–2). The classification is based on 138 relevés made in July 27–August 8, 2017 (Fig. 3). Relevés of similar syntaxa, established in the north of the Western Europe and the East European tundras (Ruuhijärvi, 1960; Dierssen, 1982; Lavrinenko et al., 2016), were included in analysis. DCA and t-SNE (t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding) methods were used for ordination of syntaxa in multidimensional space (Maaten, Hinton, 2008). The calculations were made using the machine learning package for Python-Scikit-learn. In total, 13 associations, 11 subassociations, 12 variants from 6 alliances and 3 orders of the class Scheuchzerio–Caricetea fuscae were identified on the relatively small (about 70 km2) area. Within the order Caricion davallianae, syntaxa of the alliance Caricion atrofuscae-saxatilis, comprising low sedge-hypnum communities on carbonate mineral and organomineral soils in the mountains of the Western Europe, were identified and described for the first time on the territory of Russia. Three new associations (Ditricho flexicauli—Caricetum redowskianae, Tomentypno nitentis–Equisetetum palustre, Tomentypno nitentis–Eriophoretum vaginati) were described on the the Yanganape mountain massif (Table 1), which significantly expands the area of the alliance to the East. Alliance’ communities have some similarities with syntaxa of zonal dwarf shrub-grass-moss tundra vegetation (Lavrinenko, Lavrinenko, 2018), but are generally well differed by the species composition and community structure (Table 5). The order Caricetalia fuscae in the Eastern macroslope of the Polar Urals is represented by 4 alliances. In addition to Drepanocladion exannulati and Sphagno-Caricion canescentis, listed in the “Classification of Vegetation of Europe” (Mucina et al., 2016), we include into order the alliance Caricion stantis — moderately rich sedge-moss fen vegetation of the Subarctic and tundra zones, and the alliance Stygio–Caricion limosae, containing extremely waterlogged meso-oligotrophic and slightly acidic to neutral low sedge fens. There are 4 associations within the alliance Caricion stantis, including new ass. Scorpidio cossonii–Caricetum rariflorae (Table 2). Taking into account statistically significant differences in the species composition of sedge-moss communities dominated by various moss species (Fig. 15, 5-6), ass. Scorpidio scorpioidis–Caricetum chordorrhizae was taken out from ass. Drepanoclado revolventis–Caricetum chordorrhizae Osvald 1925 ex Dierssen 1982 broadly understood in the Western Europe. Its nomenclature type is the only relevé of Carex chordorrhizae-Amblistegium scorpioides-Ass. (Osvald 1925: 37), which sufficient for the original diagnosis, because it contains list of species with abundance and both name-giving taxa (ICPN, 2b, 7). The communities of both associations were identified in the Eastern macroslope of the Polar Urals, where they are represented by new subassociations, which significantly expands the distribution area of these associations to the East. Recently validly described in the Eastern European tundras (Lavrinenko et al., 1916) ass. Scorpidio revolventis–Caricetum rariflorae is also known for the North of the Western Europe (Dierssen, 1982). Its difference from western syntaxa is the absence of many boreal species, which are not able to exist in the severe climate in the North of Western Siberia, as well as the great number of plant communities with the diagnostic species of the alliance Caricion atrofuscae-saxatilis due to rich mineral nutrition, associated with the carbonate soils and calcium-rich groundwaters in the study area. New associations are established in two allian­ces: Carici aquatilis–Warnstorfietum tundrae in Drepanocladion exannulati and Sphagno squarrosi–Caricetum chordorrhizae in Sphagno–Caricion canescentis (Table 3). The floristic features of the latter alliance, whose communities on the northern limit of their distribution have a certain similarity to the arctic sedge-moss mire vegetation of the alliance Caricion stantis, are discussed. Oligotrophic communities of the alliance Scheuch­zerion palustris, occuring in acidic habitats, are placed in the order Scheuchzerietalia palustris that is in agreement with new interpretation of this alliance in the paper by Mucina et al. (2016). Two associations (Carici rotundatae–Sphagnetum baltici, Sphagno compaci–Caricetum rotundatae) are assigned to this alliance. There are few relevés for both Scheuchzerion palustris and Stygio–Caricion limosae alliances in the study area that is why their classification is preliminary, and it will be considered in the near future for the whole North of the Western Siberia on a larger data set. The classification results are confirmed by DCA-ordination of selected syntaxa (Fig.15, Б). However, the differentiation of communities is more clearly demonstrated by the t-SNE method, which allows displaying multidimensional hyperspaces on the plane (Fig.15, А).

scholarly journals Ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) diversity from pastures in Southern Bulgaria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teodora Teofilova ◽  
Ivailo Todorov ◽  
Milka Elshishka ◽  
Vlada Peneva
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Life Form ◽  
Ground Beetle ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Ground Beetles ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Ecological Structure

This study aimed at clarifying the species composition and ecological structure of carabids, associated with active pastures. Field work was carried out in 2017 and 2018. Pitfall traps (5 in each site) were set in 10 sampling sites in Thracean Lowland and Sarnena Sredna Gora Mts. Captured beetles belonged to 90 species and 33 genera, representing 12% of the species and 26% of the ground beetle genera occurring in Bulgaria. The most diverse was genus Harpalus (22 species), followed by the genera Amara (7 species), Microlestes (6 species), Ophonus (6 species) and Parophonus (5 species). Twenty species were new for the region of the Thracean Lowland: Amara fulvipes (Audinet-Serville, 1821), Anisodactylus binotatus (Fabricius, 1787), A. intermedius Dejean, 1829, Apotomus clypeonitens Müller, 1943, Calathus cinctus Motschulsky, 1850, Carterus gilvipes (Piochard de la Brûlerie, 1873), Gynandromorphus etruscus (Quensel en Schönherr, 1806), Harpalus fuscicornis Ménétriés, 1832, H. subcylindricus Dejean, 1829, Microlestes apterus Holdhaus, 1904, M. corticalis (L. Dufour, 1820), M. fulvibasis (Reitter, 1901), M. maurus (Sturm, 1827), M. minutulus (Goeze, 1777), Notiophilus laticollis Chaudoir, 1850, Pangus scaritides (Sturm, 1818), Parophonus laeviceps (Ménétriés, 1832), P. planicollis (Dejean, 1829), Polystichus connexus (Geoffroy in Fourcroy, 1785) and Pterostichus strenuus (Panzer, 1796). Twenty species were new for the whole Sredna Gora Mts.: Acinopus picipes (Olivier, 1795), A. megacephalus (P. Rossi, 1794), Amara anthobia A. Villa et G. B. Villa, 1833, Ditomus calydonius (P. Rossi, 1790), Harpalus albanicus Reitter, 1900, H. angulatus Putzeys, 1878, H. attenuatus Stephens, 1828, H. dimidiatus (P. Rossi, 1790), H. flavicornis Dejean, 1829, H. pumilus Sturm, 1818, H. pygmaeus Dejean, 1829, H. subcylindricus Dejean, 1829, H. tardus (Panzer, 1796), H. signaticornis (Duftschmid, 1812), Lebia scapularis (Geoffroy, 1785), Microlestes fissuralis (Reitter, 1901), M. fulvibasis (Reitter, 1901), M. maurus (Sturm, 1827), M. minutulus (Goeze, 1777) and Ophonus sabulicola (Panzer, 1796). Fourty-one species were new for the region of the Sarnena Sredna Gora. Genus Apotomus, Gynandromorphus, Pangus and Polystichus were new geographic records for Thracean Lowland. Genera Acinopus and Ditomus were new for the Sredna Gora Mts. Fourteen life form categories were established (9 zoophagous and 5 mixophytophagous). The analysis of the life forms showed a slight predominance of the mixophytophages (53 species; 59%) over the zoophages (37 species; 41%). Microlestes minutulus was a constant species occurring in all sampling sites.

scholarly journals Ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) diversity from harvested oilseed rape fields (Brassica napus L.) in Southern Bulgaria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teodora Teofilova ◽  
Ivailo Todorov ◽  
Milka Elshishka ◽  
Vlada Peneva
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Life Form ◽  
New Records ◽  
Ground Beetle ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Ground Beetles ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Brassica Napus L

This study aimed at clarifying the species composition and ecological structure of carabid communities, in oilseed rape fields after rape harvest. Field work was carried out in 2018. Pitfall traps (5 in each site) were set in 10 sampling sites in Thracean Lowland and Sarnena Sredna Gora Mts. Captured beetles belonged to 66 species and 24 genera, representing 9% of the species and 19% of the ground beetle genera occurring in Bulgaria. The most diverse was genus Harpalus Latreille, 1802 (15 species), followed by the genera Amara Zimmermann, 1832 (7 species), Microlestes Schmidt-Goebel, 1846 (6 species) and Parophonus Ganglbauer, 1891 (5 species). Five species were new for the region of the Thracean Lowland: Amara (Bradytus) consularis (Duftschmid, 1812), Harpalus (Harpalus) caspius (Steven, 1806), H. (Pseudoophonus) calceatus (Duftschmid, 1812), Microlestes negrita negrita (Wollaston, 1854), Tachyura (Tachyura) parvula (Dejean, 1831). Three species: Amara (Zezea) fulvipes (Audinet-Serville, 1821), A. (Zezea) chaudoiri incognita Fassati, 1946 and Diachromus germanus (Linnaeus, 1758) were new records for the region of the Sarnena Gora. Seven species were new for the whole Sredna Gora Mts.: Acinopus (Acinopus) picipes (Olivier, 1795), A. (Oedematicus) megacephalus (P. Rossi, 1794), Carterus (Carterus) dama (P. Rossi, 1792), Harpalus (Harpalus) flavicornis flavicornis Dejean, 1829, H. (Pseudoophonus) griseus (Panzer, 1796), Licinus (Licinus) depressus (Paykull, 1790) and Microlestes maurus maurus (Sturm, 1827). Genera Acinopus Dejean, 1821, Carterus Dejean, 1830 and Licinus Latreille, 1802 were new geographic records for the Sredna Gora Mts. Twelve life form categories were established (7 zoophagous and 6 mixophytophagous). The analysis of the life forms showed a slight predominance of the mixophytophages (38 species; 58%) over the zoophages (28 species; 42%). There were no constant species occurring in all sampling sites (with 100% occurrence). Thirteen species appeared after the harvest (they were absent during the flowering and ripening of the rape), forty-four species disappeared (they were present during flowering and ripening), and twenty-nine species were present in all stages.

Spatiotemporal dynamics of forest-tundra communities in the polar urals

2005 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. Shiyatov ◽  
M. M. Terent?ev ◽  
V. V. Fomin
Keyword(s):  
Spatiotemporal Dynamics ◽  
Forest Tundra ◽  
Polar Urals ◽  
The Polar Urals

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF ECOTOXICOLOGICAL STATE OF SOILS OF THE POLAR URAL AND SOUTHERN YAMAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (10) ◽  
pp. 941-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan I. Alekseev ◽  
N. V. Dinkelaker ◽  
A. A. Oripova ◽  
G. A. Semyina ◽  
A. A. Morozov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Urban Soils ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Permafrost Degradation ◽  
Natural Soils ◽  
Anthropogenic Forcing ◽  
Polar Urals ◽  
The Polar Urals

Increasing rates of anthropogenic forcing on natural and urban ecosystems in the Arctic requires the development of more detailed environmental monitoring. In this context, studying of contents of background trace elements seems to be actual goal. The goal of this study is an assessment of the content of background heavy metals in natural soils of the Polar Urals (surroundings of mountain Chyornaya), surroundings of Salekhard and foothills of the Polar Urals and urban soils (Kharsaim, Aksarka, Labytnangi, Kharp, Salekhard). Levels of maximum permissible concentrations (MPCs) were established to be exceeded by some elements (As, Ni, Co) in most of soil samples (from both urban and natural environments). It can indicate to high regional background contents for these elements especially in case of natural soils. The highest exceedance of MPCs is typical for soil samples from urban environments. For other studied trace elements (Cu, Zn, Pb, Sr) MPCs are exceeded only in few cases. The highest trace elements content in urban soils is connected with sites with significantly high rates of anthropogenic forcing (chrome-processing factory in Kharp). The highest trace elements content for natural soils can be connected with three soil profile zones: peat-like horizons, stagnic and cryogenic geochemical barriers, and soil horizons with clay texture class. Moreover, we discussed problems of trace elements behavior in conditions of changing climate of the Arctic and permafrost degradation.

scholarly journals VARIABILITY OF THE COMPOSITION AND RATIO OF VASCULAR PLANT LIFE FORMS IN ECOTONE COMMUNITIES OF THE UPPER BORDER OF WOODY VEGETATION IN THE POLAR URALS

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-17
Author(s):  
N.I. Andreyashkina
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Polar Urals ◽  
Plant Life Forms ◽  
Plant Life ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Species Similarity ◽  
The Polar Urals

For phytoindication of ecotopic conditions according to the degree of moisture and heat supply, full floristic composition was used in a number of communities and ecotopes within them. Different hydrothermal regimes of ecotopes underlie the distribution of life forms of vascular plants. The spatial heterogeneity of floristic diversity is largely due to a set of species of grassy life forms. Woody life forms are not numerous, but play a significant role in the structure of the vegetation cover. The species richness of communities naturally decreases during the transition from larch forests and woodlands to mountain tundras with single trees. At the same time, communities are largely similar in species composition, and the set of life forms is preserved, but the composition and ratio of different types of life forms change. The transition from smooth variability in the composition and ratio of life forms to markedly increased variability as a result of natural environmental factors is clearly visible, which is correspondingly reflected in a decrease in indicators of species similarity of communities.

scholarly journals Current fauna of parasitic flies of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 448-458
Author(s):  
O. A. Fiodorova ◽  
T. A. Khlyzova ◽  
A. N. Siben ◽  
V. N. Domatsky ◽  
N. I. Beletskaya
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Tundra Zone ◽  
Biting Midges ◽  
Registration Data ◽  
Insect Activity ◽  
Faunal List ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Nenets Autonomous

The fauna of blood-sicking two-winged insects of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District is represented by 116 species. Hybomitra aequetincta, H. arpadi, H. lundbecki, H. nitidifrons nitidifrons, H. nitidifrons confiformis, Hybomitra astur. Thus, the fauna of gadflies of the district is represented by 26 species and 2 subspecies, and 16 species and 1 subspecies are known as potential carriers of dangerous diseases of humans and animals. The faunal list of mosquitoes of the region is represented by 29 species, incl. Replenished with 2 species -O. nigrinus and O. behningi, 24 species of midges, incl. 1-Simulium paramorsitans, biting midges with 33 species, incl. 1 species -Culicoides punctatus. This species was first indicated both for the tundra zone and for the region. The dominant species of horseflies were H. aequetincta and H. arpadi with an EID of 27.3%. Among the 12 registered species of mosquitoes, O. communis (ID 29%) prevailed in the Yamal District (ID 29%), and O. hexodontus in the Tazovsky District. (EID 29.4%). Among the identified species of midges, Simulium paramorsitans dominated in numbers, in the Yamal region with an ID of 80.7%, and in the Tazovsky region -90.5%. In the tundra in the south of the Yamal region, during the mass flight, up to 500 individuals of mosquitoes were simultaneously attacked by an average of 4598 individuals by the maximum data recorded. In the more northern point of the region, Bovanenkovo, the number of mosquitoes during this period was 270 individuals according to the average registration data, at a wind speed of 10 m/s. In the Tazovsky district, 46 female mosquitoes simultaneously attacked a man at a time, and 26 deer at a time. In the more northern part of the region - in Bovanenkovo, the number of midges according to the average data was 70 individuals, while the wind speed at the time of the survey reached 10 m / s, and for the midges this wind is a serious obstacle for active summer. In the Tazovsky district during this period, the number of midges was significantly lower and amounted to 131 individuals, according to the maximum data for recording per person and 56 individuals - per deer. The maximum number of biting midges (C. punctatus, up to 130 individuals registered for 5 minutes) was observed over the Arctic Circle in Yar-Sale in late August. The main component of the midges, the most disturbing reindeer in the tundra zone, are mosquitoes, and in some periods - midges. When studying the distribution of dedemagena tarandi under the conditions of the subarctic tundra of the Tazovsky region in 2018, the reindeer extensinvasiveness averaged 66.7 ± 1.6% with an invasion intensity of 9.4 ± 1.2 larvae. In the Priuralsky and Yamalsky districts, on average, the deer incidence of pathogens of edema nausea is slightly lower -34.6 and 28.8% by extension, with an invasion intensity of 9.4 ± 1.6 and 8.6 ± 1.2 larvae, respectively, in our opinion, due to the massive conduct of early chemotherapy. However, the invasion of deer that did not undergo therapeutic measures remains high - up to 100%, with AI - 18.5 ± 1.7 larvae. The release of larvae to pupation in 2018 was observed in August, which was not recorded in the literature. Thus, the first insects appeared near deer from 6.30-7 hours, and the last at 21 hours. From the second half of August, insect activity was noted from 9.30-11 am (the peak of activity was at 13-14 o'clock and at 16-18 h, respectively). The highest activity and the number of gadflies is observed at illumination of 45-90 thousand lux and a temperature of 18-28 C. In the days of high activity and abundance, more than 10 female gadflies attacked the control deer in a 30-minute count. Early education (III decade of November - I decade of December) on the skins of fistulas and a significant amount of larvae of II age attract attention, which, in our opinion, can also be associated with a change in climatic conditions.

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