Species richness, geographical affinities and activity patterns of mammals in premontane Andean forests of the Magdalena River basin of Colombia

More than half of the population of Colombia is settled in the Magdalena River basin, resulting in high deforestation rates due to productive activities and urbanisation. Within this scenario of forest loss and ecosystem degradation, it is imperative to record and monitor the biodiversity in order to decrease and mitigate the negative consequences of human activities on species and ecosystems. For six years, we assessed the mammal species richness, abundance and activity patterns in premontane forests of the Magdalena River basin in the Department of Caldas, Colombia. We also presented additional information on the geographical affinities of this fauna. We recorded 101 species, seven of them endemic to Colombia, with Chiroptera being the richest order, followed by Rodentia. Most of the species are common and not listed in threatened categories and only four are vulnerable and two endangered, according to the Red List of the IUCN and the Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible of Colombia. The mammalian fauna of the study area is similar to that of other lowland localities in the Neotropics and different to the fauna in highland localities, including the nearby ones. Specifically, this fauna was most similar to that in lowland Tolima and the Caribbean Region of Colombia, Venezuela and Costa Rica; however, when we accounted only for bat fauna, it was more similar to the fauna in Caribbean and Pacific Regions of Colombia. To secure the long-term persistence of these species, we recommend maintenance of the current corridors, such as riparian forests and living fences and an increase in the forested area.

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Species richness, geographical affinities, and activity patterns of mammals in premontane Andean forests of the Magdalena river basin of Colombia

10.1101/2020.07.26.221994 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Diego A. Torres ◽

Abel Eduardo Rojas

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

River Basin ◽

Mammalian Species ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Caribbean Region ◽

Mammalian Fauna ◽

Economic Activities ◽

Additional Information ◽

The Caribbean ◽

Magdalena River

AbstractThe Magdalena river basin is home to more than half of Colombia’s human population, and consequently the basin also harbors their economic activities. These activities have generated high deforestation rates and negative pressures on natural resources. With such a scenario of forest loss it is imperative to assess the state of the biodiversity and its conservation. Here, during six years we assessed the mammalian species richness and abundance in premontane forests of Caldas department in the Magdalena river basin. We also presented additional information on the activity patterns and geographical affinities of this fauna. We recorded 100 species of mammals with the Chiroptera as the richest order, followed by Rodentia. Most of the species are common and are not under risk of extinction; however, it is important to highlight the presence of six endemic species, three vulnerable species and one endangered species (white-footed tamarin). The mammalian fauna of this region is similar to other lowland localities in the Neotropics, and less similar to highland localities, including the nearby ones. Specifically, this fauna is most similar to lowland Tolima, and the Caribbean region of Colombia, Venezuela and Costa Rica; however, when we accounted only for bat fauna, it was more similar to the Caribbean and Pacific regions of Colombia. To secure the long-term persistence of these species we recommend maintenance of the current corridors such as riparian forests and living fences and an increase in the forested area.

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Non-volant mammals of Carlos Botelho State Park, Paranapiacaba Forest Continuum

Biota Neotropica ◽

10.1590/s1676-06032012000400021 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 198-208 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Carlos Rodrigo Brocardo ◽

Raisa Rodarte ◽

Rafael da Silveira Bueno ◽

Laurence Culot ◽

Mauro Galetti

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Atlantic Forest ◽

Protected Area ◽

Lepus Europaeus ◽

Mammalian Fauna ◽

Mammal Species ◽

Tayassu Pecari ◽

Live Trapping ◽

Mammal Conservation

The Atlantic Forest is one of the most studied Brazilian biomes in relation to its mammalian fauna. However, there is still a series of gaps of knowledge about the distribution and persistence of some of these species which prevents taking adequate conservation measures to better protect the mammals. In order to make the inventory of the non-volant mammalian fauna of the Carlos Botelho State Park (SP), we compiled data of camera trapping, diurnal census, track records, pitfall and live trapping collected over 8 years (2004-2012). We registered a total of 53 species, of which 12 are regionally threatened and one is an exotic species (Lepus europaeus), including the presence of most mammal species expected for the Paranapiacaba Forest Continuum. The high non-volant mammals species richness allied to the presence of threatened species, strengthen the role of this protected area for mammal conservation in the Atlantic Forest. Although, the local extinction of one species, Tayassu pecari, alert to the need for effective measures of protection.

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Distributional patterns and conservation status of mammals of Swaziland, southern Africa

Koedoe ◽

10.4102/koedoe.v41i2.252 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A. Monadjem

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Vegetation Types ◽

Mammalian Fauna ◽

Lycaon Pictus ◽

Mammal Species ◽

Savanna Vegetation ◽

Distributional Patterns ◽

Privately Owned ◽

Effective Conservation

Distributional patterns (mapped at the quarter-degree square scale) of species richness of 121 species of mammals recorded from Swaziland were examined in relation to the distribution of protected areas (reserves), privately-owned ranches and six vegetation types. The richness of mammal species was highest in the NE and NW, and lowest in the SW areas of Swaziland. Total mammal species richness was positively and highly significantly correlated with the presence of reserves. Similar patterns were shown by artiodactyls, rodents and carnivores. Total mammal species richness, as well as for most mammalian orders, was positively correlated with moist grassveld and moist savanna vegetation types but negatively correlated with dry grassveld. Mammal species richness, especially for the larger species, was very low on Swazi Nation Land, which covers about 60 of the country. The mammalian fauna of the high-lying areas (Highveld) was distinct from that of the low-lying areas (Lowveld). The Middleveld region supported elements of both Highveld and Lowveld species. A large proportion (87.6 ) of Swaziland's mammal species have been recorded from reserves. Two species {Alcelaphus lichtensteini and Lycaon pictus) no longer occur in Swaziland. For effective conservation of Swaziland's mammals, the issue of how to maintain viable populations on Swazi Nation Land will have to be addressed.

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Diversity and activity patterns of medium- and large-sized terrestrial mammals at the Los Tuxtlas Biosphere Reserve, México

Therya ◽

10.12933/therya-21-1105 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 237-248

Author(s):

Jesús Alejandro Ríos-Solís ◽

José Juan Flores-Martínez ◽

Víctor Sánchez-Cordero ◽

Mario C. Lavariega

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Biosphere Reserve ◽

Los Tuxtlas ◽

Trapping Rate ◽

Mammal Species ◽

Southern Mexico ◽

Terrestrial Mammal ◽

Terrestrial Mammals ◽

Landscape Degradation

Studies on diversity of animal communities allow determination of their species richness and composition. This information is particularly relevant to establish sound conservation programs in biosphere reserves, where human activities should be focused on the sustainable use of natural resources and ensure biodiversity protection. This study estimated the diversity and species richness and determined the species composition and activity patterns of medium- and large-sized terrestrial mammals in the Los Tuxtlas Biosphere Reserve (LTBR) located in Veracruz, Mexico. We set 18 camera traps to record medium and large-sized terrestrial mammals from August 2016 to January 2017. We calculated the trapping rate, guilds, and activity patterns of species. Diversity was estimated with Hill numbers. We compared our estimates with other studies in tropical forest in Mexico. We obtained 308 independent captures of 13 species; Cuniculus paca and Dasyprocta mexicana were the species with the highest trapping rate. Order-0, order-1, and order-2 diversity values were 13.99, 6.50, and 4.75 effective species, respectively, which ranks LTBR the fourth-most diverse reserve of medium- and large-sized terrestrial mammals compared to six other tropical rainforest sites in southern Mexico. We recorded mammals representing five trophic guilds, of which frugivore-folivores (five species) and omnivores (three species) ranked highest. All recorded species were primarily nocturnal (six species) or diurnal (six species). Tamandua mexicana, Leopardus pardalis, L. wiedii, and Eira barbara are listed as endangered in the Mexican Official Standard Norm NOM-059-2019, and L. wiedii is listed as near threatened in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. We were able to record 40.6 % of the terrestrial mammal species known to inhabit the LTBR. The absence of large-sized species such as large predators and herbivores was notable. Comparison of medium and large-sized mammal diversity of camera trapping studies in Mexico show that landscape degradation is impoverishing terrestrial mammal communities.

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Predicting Mammal Species Richness from Remotely Sensed Data at Different Spatial Scales

The Open Remote Sensing Journal ◽

10.2174/1875413900801010007 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 7-16

Author(s):

Boniface Oluoch Oindo

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Spatial Scales ◽

Remotely Sensed ◽

Remotely Sensed Data ◽

Mammal Species

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The Rise of Climate-Driven Sediment Discharge in the Amazonian River Basin

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos11020208 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 208 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Nazzareno Diodato ◽

Naziano Filizola ◽

Pasquale Borrelli ◽

Panos Panagos ◽

Gianni Bellocchi

Keyword(s):

River Basin ◽

Amazon Basin ◽

Global Climate ◽

Climate Extremes ◽

Temporal Variations ◽

Sediment Discharge ◽

Storm Events ◽

Discharge Data ◽

Magdalena River ◽

Sediment Export

The occurrence of hydrological extremes in the Amazon region and the associated sediment loss during rainfall events are key features in the global climate system. Climate extremes alter the sediment and carbon balance but the ecological consequences of such changes are poorly understood in this region. With the aim of examining the interactions between precipitation and landscape-scale controls of sediment export from the Amazon basin, we developed a parsimonious hydro-climatological model on a multi-year series (1997–2014) of sediment discharge data taken at the outlet of Óbidos (Brazil) watershed (the narrowest and swiftest part of the Amazon River). The calibrated model (correlation coefficient equal to 0.84) captured the sediment load variability of an independent dataset from a different watershed (the Magdalena River basin), and performed better than three alternative approaches. Our model captured the interdecadal variability and the long-term patterns of sediment export. In our reconstruction of yearly sediment discharge over 1859–2014, we observed that landscape erosion changes are mostly induced by single storm events, and result from coupled effects of droughts and storms over long time scales. By quantifying temporal variations in the sediment produced by weathering, this analysis enables a new understanding of the linkage between climate forcing and river response, which drives sediment dynamics in the Amazon basin.

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Patterns of fish species richness in the Seine River basin, France

Hydrobiologia ◽

10.1007/bf00006595 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 259 (3) ◽

pp. 157-167 ◽

Cited By ~ 73

Author(s):

Thierry Oberdorff ◽

Eric Guilbert ◽

Jean-Claude Lucchetta

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

River Basin ◽

Fish Species ◽

Seine River ◽

Seine River Basin

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Assessing mammal species richness and occupancy in a Northeast Asian temperate forest shared by cattle

Diversity and Distributions ◽

10.1111/ddi.13237 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jiawei Feng ◽

Yifei Sun ◽

Hailong Li ◽

Yuqi Xiao ◽

Dandan Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Temperate Forest ◽

Mammal Species ◽

Northeast Asian

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Evidence of river flow regulation loss over time in the Magdalena river basin

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-13716 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Diver E. Marín ◽

Juan F. Salazar ◽

José A. Posada-Marín

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Environmental Change ◽

River Basin ◽

River Flow ◽

Southern Oscillation ◽

Scaling Theory ◽

Scaling Properties ◽

Low Flows ◽

High Flows ◽

Magdalena River

<p>Some of the main problems in hydrological sciences are related to how and why river flows change as a result of environmental change, and what are the corresponding implications for society. This has been described as the Panta Rhei context, which refers to the challenge of understanding and quantifying hydrological dynamics in a changing environment, i.e. under the influence of non-stationary effects. The river flow regime in a basin is the result of a complex aggregation process that has been studied by the scaling theory, which allows river basins to be classified as regulated or unregulated and to identify a critical threshold between these states. Regulation is defined here as the basin&#8217;s capacity to either dampen high flows or to enhance low flows. This capacity depends on how basins store and release water through time, which in turn depends on many processes that are highly dynamic and sensitive to environmental change. Here we focus on the Magdalena river basin in northwestern South America, which is the main basin for water and energy security in Colombia, and at the same time, it has been identified as one of the most vulnerable regions to be affected by climate change. Building upon some of our previous studies, here we use data analysis to study the evolution of regulation in the Magdalena basin for 1992-2015 based on the scaling theory for extreme flows. In contrast to most previous studies, here we focus on the scaling properties of events rather than on long term averages. We discuss possible relations between changes in the scaling properties and environmental factors such as climate variability, climate change, and land use/land cover change, as well as the potential implications for water security in the country. Our results show that, during the last few decades, the Magdalena river basin has maintained its capacity to regulate low flows (i.e. amplification) whereas it has been losing its capacity to regulate high flows (i.e. dampening), which could be associated with the occurrence of the extremes phases of&#160; El Ni&#241;o Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and anthropogenic effects, mainly deforestation. These results provide foundations for using the scaling laws as empirical tools for understanding temporal changes of hydrological regulation and simultaneously generate useful scientific evidence that allows stakeholders to take decisions related to water management in the Magdalena river basin in the context of environmental change.</p>

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