Genetic Variation Between Cultured and Wild Populations of Oreochromis niloticus Deduced from Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Markers

AbstractGenetic diversity and phylogenetic analyses of 24 species, representing nine sections of the genus Galium (Rubiaceae), have been made using the Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR), Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), and combined ISSR and RAPD markers. Four ISSR primers and three RAPD primers generated 250 polymorphic amplified fragments. The results of this study showed that the level of genetic variation in Galium is relatively high. RAPD markers revealed a higher level of polymorphism (158 bands) than ISSR (92 bands). Clustering of genotypes within groups was not similar when RAPD and ISSR derived dendrograms were compared. Six clades can be recognized within Galium, which mostly corroborate, but also partly contradict, traditional groupings. UPGMA-based dendrogram showed a close relationship between members of section Leiogalium with G. verum and G. humifusum (sect. Galium), and G. angustifolium (sect. Lophogalium). Principal coordinated analysis, however, showed some minor differences with UPGMA-based dendrograms. The more apomorphic groups of Galium form the section Leiogalium clade including the perennial sections Galium, Lophogalium, Jubogalium, Hylaea and Leptogalium as well as the annual section Kolgyda. The remaining taxa of Galium are monophyletic.

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Genetic Similarity of Commerson’s Anchovy across Segara Anakan Cilacap Assessed Using Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Markers

Jurnal Biota ◽

10.19109/biota.v7i1.7201 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 42-50

Author(s):

Muhammad Khoerol Anam ◽

Adi Amurwanto ◽

Kusbiyanto Kusbiyanto ◽

Hendro Pramono ◽

M Husein Sastranegara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Genetic Variation ◽

Genetic Similarity ◽

Rapd Markers ◽

Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽

Genetic Differences ◽

Population Genetic Study ◽

Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽

High Genetic Diversity ◽

Impressive Result

Segara Anakan areas can be divided into three different regions according to their salinity. Salinity differences suggested that Commerson’s anchovy population in that area can be divided into three subpopulations due to genetic differences. Genetic differences among subpopulation can be assessed through a population genetic study using random amplified polymorphic DNA. This study aims to evaluate the genetic variation and differences of Commerson's anchovy (Stolephorus commersonnii) collected at three different water salinities in Segara Anakan estuary Cilacap Indonesia. Total genomic DNA was isolated using the Chelex method. Genetic diversity and differences were assessed using RAPD markers and were analyzed statistically using an analysis of molecular variance, as implemented in Arlequin software. The results showed that high genetic diversity was observed within the subpopulations. However, no significant genetic differences were observed among subpopulations which indicate genetic similarity. A high number of offspring are likely to cause high genetic variation within subpopulations. Adult and larvae migration is the cause of genetics similarity across Segara Anakan. Another impressive result is that water salinity did not affect the genetic characteristic of Commerson,s anchovy. Genetic similarity of Commerson’s anchovy indicates that Segara Anakan forms a single genetic conservation unit.

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Genetic evidence that butternut canker was recently introduced into North America

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b99-013 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 77 (6) ◽

pp. 783-785 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Glenn R Furnier ◽

Allison M Stolz ◽

Raka M Mustaphi ◽

Michael E Ostry

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

North America ◽

Rapd Markers ◽

Genetic Evidence ◽

Sexual Stage ◽

Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽

Native Range ◽

Canker Disease ◽

Juglans Cinerea ◽

Butternut Canker

Butternut (Juglans cinerea) is seriously threatened by a canker disease caused by Sirococcus clavigignenti-juglandacearum, a fungus with no known sexual stage. This pathogen was first reported in 1967 and is now found throughout the native range of butternut, suggesting that it was introduced into North America. We used randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers to examine genetic variation in S. clavigignenti-juglandacearum over a large portion of the native range of butternut. The 55 RAPD fragments were all found in all 86 isolates of the fungus. This complete monomorphism is consistent with the fungus having been introduced into North America as a single isolate and suggests that if resistant butternut genotypes are found, the pathogen will not likely be able to rapidly evolve genotypes that can attack them.Key words: Sirococcus clavigignenti-juglandacearum, Juglans cinerea, RAPD, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA.

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Genetic variation in wild populations and farmed stocks of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in Madagascar

Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux ◽

10.19182/remvt.31780 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 72 (3) ◽

pp. 101

Author(s):

Monique Ravakarivelo ◽

Elodie Pepey ◽

John A.H. Benzie ◽

Noromalala Raminosoa ◽

Harentsoaniaina Rasamoelina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Nile Tilapia ◽

Wild Populations ◽

Diversité Génétique ◽

Variabilité Génétique ◽

Il Y A

Quatre stocks issus de piscicultures et quatre populations sauvages de tilapias du Nil (Oreochromis niloticus), espèce qui a été introduite initialement à Madagascar il y a soixante ans, ont été évalués pour leurs variations génétiques à partir de l’analyse de neuf locus microsatellites pour déterminer les niveaux de variabilité génétique au sein des populations et les relations génétiques entre ces populations. La diversité allélique recoupait celle qui a été rapportée dans d’autres populations africaines. Il n’y avait ni évidence d’écart dans les fréquences alléliques attendues dans les conditions d’équilibre de Hardy-Weinberg ni de consanguinité dans les populations étudiées. Trois groupes génotypiques distincts ont montré trois introductions séparées (à partir d’Egypte et de l’île Maurice en 1956, et du Japon en 2011) et la présence de génotypes issus de plus d’un groupe dans une même population a fourni la preuve de mélanges. Il y avait des différences significatives entre les populations qui ne provenaient pas du même milieu (sauvage ou d’élevage) ou qui n’étaient pas géographiquement reliées. De par leur diversité génétique, les populations sauvages pourraient être des ressources intéressantes dans la perspective d’un développement de la pisciculture du tilapia du Nil à Madagascar.

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Genetic Analyses of Heliconia Species and Cultivars with Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Markers

Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science ◽

10.21273/jashs.123.1.91 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 123 (1) ◽

pp. 91-97 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Prakash P. Kumar ◽

Janice C.K. Yau ◽

Chong Jin Goh

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Phylogenetic Tree ◽

Dna Markers ◽

Genetic Background ◽

Rapd Markers ◽

Cultivar Identification ◽

Polyacrylamide Gels ◽

Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽

Genetic Analyses ◽

Morphological Differences

Many Heliconia species are polymorphic with a large number of cultivars. Cultivar identification has been primarily based on morphological differences of the flowers and inflorescences. A protocol was developed to extract DNA from Heliconia leaves and to analyze genetic variation using RAPD. The percentage genetic similarities among Heliconia species, cultivars, and hybrids were determined. Data from 11 primers indicated that the RAPD technique is useful in distinguishing species and cultivars of Heliconia. Using a single 10-mer primer (OPA 18), we were able to generate distinct RAPD profiles for 16 cultivars of H. psittacorum L.f. grown at the Jurong BirdPark, Singapore, a Heliconia Society International depository. Hence, the characteristic profiles generated by RAPD may be used as additional DNA markers for classifying different species and cultivars of Heliconia. The phylogenetic tree derived from the RAPD data showed that all the 16 cultivars examined are closely related to each other, thus providing the first genetic evidence that this large group of cultivars has a common genetic background. Moreover, two triploid cultivars of H. psittacorum—`Iris' and `Petra'—showed identical RAPD profiles with 10 different primers in agarose and polyacrylamide gels, suggesting that they are of the same genotype.

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090 Identification and Genetic Relatedness among Pecan Cultivars Detected by Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Analysis

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.35.3.404b ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 404B-404

Author(s):

Patrick J. Conner ◽

Bruce W. Wood

Keyword(s):

Cluster Analysis ◽

Genetic Variation ◽

Genetic Similarity ◽

Rapd Markers ◽

Genetic Relatedness ◽

Rapd Analysis ◽

Genetic Relationships ◽

Genetic Distances ◽

Carya Illinoinensis ◽

Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna

Genetic variation among pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch] cultivars was studied using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Using a combination of primers, a unique fingerprint was produced for each of the pecan genotypes studied. The genetic relatedness between 44 cultivars was estimated using more than 100 RAPD markers. Genetic distances based on the simple matching coefficient varied from 0.91 to 0.59. The phenetic dendogram developed from cluster analysis showed relatively weak grouping association. However, cultivars with known pedigrees usually grouped with at least one of the parents and genetic similarity estimates appear to agree with known genetic relationships. Using RAPD information in determining genetic relationships among pecan cultivars with unknown or questionable pedigrees and the integration of that knowledge into the breeding program is discussed.

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