Biological Control of Meloidogyne javanica (Treub) Chitwood, Root Knot Nematodes of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) Moench

Meloidogyne javanica and Pratylenchus brachyurus stand out among the main nematodes in soybean crops. Research on integrated management are often conducted, due to the low efficiency of the main control methods when they are applied alone. Thus, the aim of the present study was to assess the potential of biological control and plant nutrition products to control these nematodes in soybean. The effect of each product alone on nematode hatching and mortality was also assessed. A greenhouse experiment was also carried out, evaluating five doses of the product for biological control based on Bacillus and Trichoderma, with and without the presence of the product for nutrition, inoculated with 2000 eggs and juveniles for the gall nematode or 1000 specimens for the nematode lesions. After 30 days of multiplication, the aerial part was removed and the soil was revolved to receive the new sowing of the soybean with the respective treatments mentioned above. After 60 days, the experiments were evaluated for nematological parameters. Both products reduced hatching and increased nematode mortality. Treatments with biological control were efficient in reducing M. javanica and P. brachyurus, mainly when applied at doses close to 5 and 8 kg ha-1, respectively. The nutrition product negatively influences the biological control.

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BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF MELOIDOGYNE JAVANICA AND RHIZOCTONIA SOLANI ON SOYBEAN BY FORMULATION OF BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS AND TRICHODERMA HARZIANUM

Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences ◽

10.21608/ajs.2006.15577 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 411-423

Author(s):

M.E Mahdy ◽

E.Z Khalifa ◽

Rania Z. El-Shennawy

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽

Rhizoctonia Solani ◽

Trichoderma Harzianum ◽

Meloidogyne Javanica

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Exploitation of the nematophagous fungal Verticillium chlamydosporium Goddard for the biological control of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.).

Fungi as biocontrol agents: progress, problems and potential ◽

10.1079/9780851993560.0155 ◽

2009 ◽

pp. 155-167 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

B. R. Kerry

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Root Knot Nematodes ◽

Meloidogyne Spp ◽

Verticillium Chlamydosporium

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THE EFFECT OF ROOT-KNOT NEMATODES ON THE YIELD OF PROCESSING TOMATOES

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps64-051 ◽

1964 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 265-267 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

R. M. Sayre ◽

T. K. Toyama

Keyword(s):

Field Tests ◽

Meloidogyne Javanica ◽

Root Knot Nematodes ◽

Tomato Variety ◽

Processing Tomato ◽

Processing Tomatoes

In field tests, yields of the processing tomato variety Campbell 135 were not significantly reduced by slight to moderate infestations of the root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne javanica (Treub, 1885) Chitwood, 1949 and M. hapla Chitwood, 1949.

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Occurrence of plant parasitic nematodes and non‐pathogenic species ofFusariumin tomato plants in Kenya and their role as mutualistic synergists for biological control of root‐knot nematodes

International Journal of Pest Management ◽

10.1080/09670879409371907 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. 321-325 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

J. Hallmann ◽

R. A. Sikora

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Parasitic Nematodes ◽

Pathogenic Species ◽

Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽

Root Knot Nematodes ◽

Tomato Plants ◽

Plant Parasitic

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Biological Control of the Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne javanica by Trichoderma harzianum

Phytopathology ◽

10.1094/phyto.2001.91.7.687 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 91 (7) ◽

pp. 687-693 ◽

Cited By ~ 147

Author(s):

E. Sharon ◽

M. Bar-Eyal ◽

I. Chet ◽

A. Herrera-Estrella ◽

O. Kleifeld ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Proteolytic Activity ◽

Trichoderma Harzianum ◽

Meloidogyne Javanica ◽

In Vitro Assays ◽

In Vitro Tests ◽

Root Knot Nematode ◽

Soil Extracts ◽

Greenhouse Experiments

The fungal biocontrol agent, Trichoderma harzianum, was evaluated for its potential to control the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica. In greenhouse experiments, root galling was reduced and top fresh weight increased in nematode-infected tomatoes following soil pretreatment with Trichoderma peat-bran preparations. The use of a proteinase Prb1-transformed line (P-2) that contains multiple copies of this gene improved biocontrol activity in the greenhouse experiments compared with the nontransformed wild-type strain (WT). All the Trichoderma strains showed the ability to colonize M. javanica-separated eggs and second-stage juveniles (J2) in sterile in vitro assays, whereas P-2 also penetrated the egg masses. This protease-transformed line presented the same nematicidal and overall proteolytic activity as the WT in in vitro tests in which concentrated soil extracts from Trichoderma-treated soils immobilized the infective J2. However, the J2 immobilization and proteolytic activities of both P-2 and the WT were higher than those obtained with strain T-203. Characterization of the activity of all Trichoderma strains soil extracts on J2 showed that it was heat resistant and restricted to the low-molecular-weight fraction (less than 3 kDa). It is suggested that improved proteolytic activity of the antagonist may be important for the biological control of the nematodes.

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