scholarly journals Biological Control Associated With Plant Nutrition for Meloidogyne javanica and Pratylenchus brachyurus Management in Soybean

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Mendes Lopes ◽  
Bruna Orlandini Toninato ◽  
Mayra Renata Cruz Soares ◽  
Cláudia Regina Dias-Arieira
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Plant Nutrition ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Pratylenchus Brachyurus ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Nematode Mortality

Meloidogyne javanica and Pratylenchus brachyurus stand out among the main nematodes in soybean crops. Research on integrated management are often conducted, due to the low efficiency of the main control methods when they are applied alone. Thus, the aim of the present study was to assess the potential of biological control and plant nutrition products to control these nematodes in soybean. The effect of each product alone on nematode hatching and mortality was also assessed. A greenhouse experiment was also carried out, evaluating five doses of the product for biological control based on Bacillus and Trichoderma, with and without the presence of the product for nutrition, inoculated with 2000 eggs and juveniles for the gall nematode or 1000 specimens for the nematode lesions. After 30 days of multiplication, the aerial part was removed and the soil was revolved to receive the new sowing of the soybean with the respective treatments mentioned above. After 60 days, the experiments were evaluated for nematological parameters. Both products reduced hatching and increased nematode mortality. Treatments with biological control were efficient in reducing M. javanica and P. brachyurus, mainly when applied at doses close to 5 and 8 kg ha-1, respectively. The nutrition product negatively influences the biological control.

scholarly journals Meloidogyne javanica control in lettuce with fertilizers applied isolated or associated with biological product

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 384-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna O Toninato ◽  
Dablieny HG Souza ◽  
Paulo R Pontalti ◽  
Ana Paula Mendes Lopes ◽  
Claúdia R Dias-Arieira
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Nematode Control ◽  
Biological Product ◽  
Antagonistic Action ◽  
Trichoderma Longibrachiatum ◽  
Efficient Control ◽  
Shoot Mass

ABSTRACT Root-knot nematodes limit lettuce crop productivity. Efficient control is achieved through integrated management, and research about the efficiency of new products for nutrition and biological control is required. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of fertilizers, applied alone or in combination with microorganisms based product on the control of Meloidogyne javanica in lettuce. In the first research (research 1), conducted at two different periods, the products Agro-Mos®, Soil-SetTM and Copper-Crop® applied on shoots were evaluated; in research 2, the same products were applied isolated on shoots or associated to NemOutTM (Bacillus licheniformis, B. subtilis and Trichoderma longibrachiatum) applied to the soil. In research 1, the fertilizers Agro-Mos®, Soil-SetTM and Copper-Crop® applied alone promoted reduction in reproduction of M. javanica ranging from 31 to 75%, 36 to 79%, and 71 to 75%, respectively. The effect on plant development was variable, obtaining better results of fresh shoot mass applying Copper-Crop®. The combination of products did not have an additional effect on the control of the nematode, on the contrary, in general the products had antagonistic action. However, fertilizers and biological control applied isolated were efficient for nematode control.

Effectiveness of Entomopathogenic Nematodes Against Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) Pupae and Nematode Compatibility with Chemical Insecticides

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maguintontz Cedney Jean-Baptiste ◽  
Andressa Lima de Brida ◽  
Daniel Bernardi ◽  
Sérgio da Costa Dias ◽  
Juliano de Bastos Pazini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Ceratitis Capitata ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Steinernema Carpocapsae ◽  
Mediterranean Fruit Fly ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Pupal Mortality

Abstract The Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is among the main pests of fruit crops worldwide. Biological control using entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) may be an alternative to suppress populations of this pest. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the pathogenicity and virulence of six EPN isolates (Heterorhabditis bacteriophora HB, H. amazonensis IBCB-n24, Steinernema carpocapsae IBCB-n02, S. rarum PAM-25, S. glaseri IBCB-n47, and S. brazilense IBCB-n06) against C. capitata pupae. The compatibility of EPNs with different chemical insecticides that are registered for management of C. capitata was also assessed. Isolates of H. bacteriophora HB and S. brazilense IBCB-n06 at a concentration of 1,000 infective juveniles (IJ)/ml proved to be most pathogenic to C. capitata (70 and 80% mortality, respectively). In contrast, the isolates H. amazonensis IBCB-n24, Steinernema carpocapsae IBCB-n02, S. rarum PAM-25, S. glaseri IBCB-n47 provided pupal mortality of less than 60%. Bioassays to determine lethal concentrations indicated that concentrations of 600 IJ/ml (H. bacteriophora HB) and 1,000 IJ/ml (S. brazilense IBCB-n06) showed the highest virulence against C. capitata pupae. In contrast, the highest numbers of IJs emerged at concentrations of 1,200 and 200 IJ/ml. In compatibility bioassays, malathion, spinetoram, phosmet, acetamiprid, and novaluron were considered compatible with and harmless (Class 1) to H. bacteriophora HB and S. brazilense IBCB-n06, according to IOBC/WPRS. This information is important for implementing integrated management programs for C. capitata, using biological control with EPNs, whether alone or in combination with chemical insecticides.

scholarly journals Mineral composition of beetroot treated with potential elicitors and inoculated with Meloidogyne javanica

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Juliana Grotto Débia ◽  
Beatriz Cervejeira Bolanho ◽  
Claudia Regina Dias-Arieira
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Nematode Population ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Cu Content ◽  
Manganese Zinc ◽  
Nematode Population Density ◽  
Elicitor Treatments

Abstract Background The root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica can infect beetroots, causing extensive damage to this food crop. As chemical and genetic control tactics have shown limited efficacy, new strategies are needed to improve the integrated management of this parasite. This study assessed the influence of potential defence elicitors and M. javanica infection on the mineral composition of beetroot. Plants were treated with acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM), citrus biomass, or a mannanoligosaccharide-based product (MOS) and inoculated with 1000 eggs and second-stage juveniles of M. javanica. At 60 days after inoculation, beetroot plants were harvested and evaluated for nematode population density, vegetative growth, and mineral content. Results All potential elicitors reduced nematode population density in beetroots (p ≤ 0.10) and improved the vegetative parameters of inoculated plants (p ≤ 0.05), except shoot fresh weight. Some minerals were found to be negatively affected by treatments, particularly calcium, whose levels were consistently lower in treated plants. On the other hand, M. javanica inoculation increased magnesium, iron, manganese, zinc, and copper contents in beetroots. However, the latter mineral (Cu content) of inoculated plants was positively influenced by MOS and ASM. Conclusion Potential elicitor treatments did not improve the mineral composition of beetroot, but were effective in reducing nematode population density. Plants inoculated with M. javanica had higher mineral levels. However, gall formation decreases the commercial value of the crop and might render it unsuitable for commercialisation. M. javanica-infected beetroots may be used for nutrient extraction or sold to food processing industries.

scholarly journals Biological control agents in the integrated nematode management of potato in Egypt

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahfouz M. M. Abd-Elgawad
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Economic Significance

Abstract Background Potato represents Egypt’s largest vegetable export crop. Many plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are globally inflicting damage to potato plants. In Egypt, their economic significance considerably varies according to PPN distribution, population levels, and pathogenicity. Main body This review article highlights the biology, ecology, and economic value of the PPN control viewpoint. The integration of biological control agents (BCAs), as sound and safe potato production practice, with other phytosanitary measures to manage PPNs is presented for sustainable agriculture. A few cases of BCA integration with such other options as synergistic/additive PPN management measures to upgrade crop yields are reviewed. Yet, various attributes of BCAs should better be grasped so that they can fit in at the emerging and/or existing integrated management strategies of potato pests. Conclusion A few inexpensive biocontrol products, for PPNs control on potato, versus their corresponding costly chemical nematicides are gathered and listed for consideration. Hence, raising awareness of farmers for making these biologicals familiar and easy to use will promote their wider application while offering safe and increased potato yield.

scholarly journals Infection Potential of Pleospora allii and Evaluation of Methods for Reduction of the Overwintering Inoculum of Brown Spot of Pear

Plant Disease ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 90 (12) ◽  
pp. 1511-1516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isidre Llorente ◽  
Albert Vilardell ◽  
Emilio Montesinos
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Stemphylium Vesicarium ◽  
Mechanical Methods ◽  
Pleospora Allii ◽  
Evaluation Of Methods

The capacity for germination and pathogenicity to pear leaves of ascospores of Pleospora allii, the teleomorph of Stemphylium vesicarium, causal agent of brown spot of pear, were studied in vitro. Most ascospores germinated within 1 h at temperatures between 15 and 20°C, and the optimum temperature for germination was 18.9°C. Infections developed on wounded and non-wounded detached pear leaves, but were more frequent on wounded leaves. The minimum infective dose was one ascospore per wound. Biological, chemical, and mechanical methods for decreasing overwintering inoculum of P. allii were evaluated. Ascospores were discharged from March to May, depending on the orchard and year. Leaf shredding or removal were the most effective methods of reducing overwintering inoculum. Biological control methods based on application of Thichodermasp. formulations were partially effective. Chemical methods based on copper and urea treatments were ineffective.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Lysiphlebus testaceipes parasitizing Aphis gossypii in watermelon in the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 2030-2032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano Pacelli Medeiros Macedo ◽  
Edmondson Reginaldo Moura Filho ◽  
Adriano Soares Carvalho ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Souza Bezerra ◽  
Luís Cláudio Paterno Silveira
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
The State ◽  
Lysiphlebus Testaceipes ◽  
Aphis Gossypii Glover ◽  
Almost All

This is the first report of the parasitoid Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson) as a biological control agent of the aphid Aphis gossypii Glover in watermelon crop in Vale do Açu, RN. It was observed that near the harvest, almost all collected aphids were mummified, and after analyzing the emerged parasitoids, the parasitoid L. testaceipes was identified. Therefore, in the future, this species may be included in A. gossypii integrated management programs.

scholarly journals Nematóides associados a plantas invasoras

1976 ◽  
Vol 33 (0) ◽  
pp. 597-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Carlos Zem ◽  
Luiz Gonzaga E. Lordello
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Meloidogyne Arenaria ◽  
Pratylenchus Brachyurus ◽  
Pratylenchus Zeae

O presente trabalho trata de nematóides associados a raízes de 71 plantas invasoras, nas quais revelou-se a presença de 8 gêneros e 18 espécies parasitas. As espécies, pela ordem decrescente de freqüência foram: Helicotylenchus dihystera (46%) ; Meloidogyne javanica (24%) ; Meloidogyne incognita (23%); Macroposthonia ornata (17%); Pratylenchus brachyurus (16%) ; Pratylenchus zeae (14%) ; Xiphinemaseiariae (11%); Xiphinema krugi (10%); Helicotylenchus pseudorobustus (5,6%); Meloidogyne arenaria (4,2%); Helicotylenchus dUiysteroides (4,2%) ; Tylenchorhynchus martini (4,2%) ; Aphelenchoides sp. (2,8%) ; Ditylenchus sp. (2,8%) ; Helicotylerfichus microcephalus (2,8%) ; Xiphinema elongatum (2,8%) ; Helicotylenchus egyptiensis (1,4%) e Meloidogyne coffeicola (1,4%). São feitas considerações sobre as implicações para a agricultura de tão ampla distribuição de nematóides em plantas colonizadoras e gramíneas utilizadas como forrageiras.

scholarly journals Biological control of tick populations: review and reflections

1994 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norma V. Labarthe
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Genetic Selection ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

This study is concerned with aspects of the relationship between ticks and their hosts that have a bearing on biological control of tick populations. It proposes control methods based on a program that would combine development of an effective vaccine with genetic selection of hosts.

scholarly journals Sucessão crambe-soja no manejo de Pratylenchus brachyurus e Meloidogyne javanica

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 316-320
Author(s):  
Carolina Amaral Tavares-Silva ◽  
Claudia Regina Dias-Arieira ◽  
Heriksen Higashi Puerari ◽  
Elizeu Junior da Silva ◽  
Adão Izidoro Junior
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Pratylenchus Brachyurus

RESUMO A implantação do sistema de sucessão de culturas, possibilitando a inserção de espécies vegetais antagonistas ou não hospedeiras à patógenos da soja no período de entressafra, é uma alternativa sustentável em sistemas de cultivo. Neste contexto, recomenda-se cuidado na seleção de plantas de sucessão que não possibilitem a multiplicação de nematoides, especialmente, os parasitas da soja, Pratylenchus brachyurus e Meloidogyne javanica. Desta forma, objetivou-se avaliar o potencial de redução da população de P. brachyurus e M. javanica, pelo cultivo de espécies utilizadas em sucessão com a soja, comparando-as com o crambe. Sementes de soja cv. 5909RR Nidera foram semeadas em vasos com capacidade para 18 L e após 15 dias foram inoculadas, em experimentos separados, com 1000 espécimes de P. brachyurus e 3000 ovos e eventuais juvenis de segundo estádio (J2) de M. javanica. Aos 60 dias da inoculação, a parte aérea das plantas foi descartada e as culturas de sucessão (milho cv. IPR114, feijão cv. IPR Tangará, nabo forrageiro, aveia-preta cv. IAPAR 61 e crambe cv. MS Brilhante) foram semeadas. As plantas foram cultivadas por 90 dias, quando a parte aérea foi cortada, semeando-se novamente a soja, a qual foi cultivada por mais 60 dias. No final desse período, as plantas foram retiradas dos vasos para determinação de parâmetros vegetativos e nematológicos na soja. A introdução do crambe no sistema de sucessão de culturas reduziu a população de P. brachyurus. A reprodução de M. javanica foi menor na sucessão com o crambe quando comparado com os demais sistemas, entretanto o mesmo apresentou elevado fator de reprodução.

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